Anisotropic fluid spheres of embedding class one using Karmarkar condition

We obtain a new anisotropic solution for spherically symmetric spacetimes by analysing of the Karmarkar embedding condition. For this purpose we construct a suitable form of one of the gravitational potentials to obtain a closed form solution. This form of the remaining gravitational potential allows us to solve the embedding equation and integrate the field equations. The resulting new anisotropic solution is well behaved which can be utilized to construct realistic static fluid spheres. Also we estimated masses and radii of fluid spheres for LMC X-4 and EXO 1785-248 by using observational data sets values. The obtained masses and radii show that our anisotropic solution can represent fluid spheres to a very good degree of accuracy.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figure

Evaluation of thiamethoxam 70% WS as seed treatment against early sucking pests of tomato

The present investigation was carried out at Vegetable Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during the 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the effectiveness of thiamethoxam, used as seed treatment against the sucking insects of tomato. The seed treatment with thiamethoxam protected tomato seedlings from aphids and thrips at the early season from the onset of seed planting. There was a fast initial effect against the pests then gradually decreased to reach a moderate effect. Data revealed that Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 4.2 g a.i./kg of seed showed the significant pest reduction followed by Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 3.85 g a.i./kg of seed. Highest yield was recorded by Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 4.2 g a.i./kg of seed (28.25 t/ha) closely followed by Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 3.85 g a.i./kg of seed (25.00 t/ha) as compared to untreated check (20.91t/ha). Percent increase in yield over control was highest (35.10%) in Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 4.2 g a.i./kg of seed followed by Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 3.85 g a.i./kg of seed (19.56%). The percent reductions of predators by Thiamethoxam, used as seed treatment, in both the seasons ranged from 1.65- 2.58% which was very minimum. Hence, it was concluded that the seed treatment of tomato with Thiamethoxam 70% WS @ 4.20 g a.i/kg of seed reduced the early season insect-pests (aphid and thrips) and had very less effect of natural enemies population ascompared to control and also increased the fruit yield significantly than other treatments

Tetramer Orbital-Ordering induced Lattice-Chirality in Ferrimagnetic, Polar MnTi2O4

Using density-functional theory calculations and experimental investigations on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties, we have elucidated a unique tetragonal ground state for MnTi2O4, a Ti^{3+} (3d^1)-ion containing spinel-oxide. With lowering of temperature around 164 K, cubic MnTi2O4 undergoes a structural transition into a polar P4_1 tetragonal structure and at further lower temperatures, around 45 K, the system undergoes a paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic transition. Magnetic superexchange interactions involving Mn and Ti spins and minimization of strain energy associated with co-operative Jahn-Teller distortions plays a critical role in stabilization of the unique tetramer-orbital ordered ground state which further gives rise to lattice chirality through subtle Ti-Ti bond-length modulations

Au9+ swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4 crystal: Crystalline perfection and optical properties

The single crystal of tris(thiourea)zinc sulphate (Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4) was irradiated by 150 MeV Au9+ swift heavy ions and analyzed in comparison with pure crystal for crystalline perfection and optical properties. The Fourier transform infrared and x-ray powder diffraction inferred that swift ions lead the disordering and breaking of molecular bonds in lattice without formation of new structural phases. High resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) revealed the abundance of point defects, and formation of mosaics and low angle grain boundaries in the irradiated region of crystal. The swift ion irradiation found to affect the lattice vibrational modes and functional groups significantly. The defects induced by heavy ions act as the color centers and resulted in enhance of photoluminescence emission intensity. The optical transparency and band gap found to be decreased.Comment: 7 page

Developmental delay in children with severe acute malnutrition and its association with Vitamin B12 deficiency

Background: There are high rates of developmental delay (DD) in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Vitamin B12 is mandatory for the myelination of brain during the early childhood period. Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the percentage of DD in SAM and its association with Vitamin B12 deficiency. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was done in SAM children aged 0–60 months who were admitted in Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre. Developmental assessment was done by Vineland Social Maturity Scale and developmental quotient <70 was considered as DD. Results: DD was found in 55.3% of children. Vitamin B12 deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were found in 14.6%, 24.3%, and 50.5% of children, respectively, and Vitamin B12 level was not significantly associated with DD in children with SAM (p=0.290). Conclusion: More than half of SAM children had DD and it was not significantly associated with Vitamin B12 levels

Scaling Qubit Readout with Hardware Efficient Machine Learning Architectures

Reading a qubit is a fundamental operation in quantum computing. It translates quantum information into classical information enabling subsequent classification to assign the qubit states `0' or `1'. Unfortunately, qubit readout is one of the most error-prone and slowest operations on a superconducting quantum processor. On state-of-the-art superconducting quantum processors, readout errors can range from 1-10%. High readout accuracy is essential for enabling high fidelity for near-term noisy quantum computers and error-corrected quantum computers of the future. Prior works have used machine-learning-assisted single-shot qubit-state classification, where a deep neural network was used for more robust discrimination by compensating for crosstalk errors. However, the neural network size can limit the scalability of systems, especially if fast hardware discrimination is required. This state-of-the-art baseline design cannot be implemented on off-the-shelf FPGAs used for the control and readout of superconducting qubits in most systems, which increases the overall readout latency as discrimination has to be performed in software. In this work, we propose HERQULES, a scalable approach to improve qubit-state discrimination by using a hierarchy of matched filters in conjunction with a significantly smaller and scalable neural network for qubit-state discrimination. We achieve substantially higher readout accuracies (16.4% relative improvement) than the baseline with a scalable design that can be readily implemented on off-the-shelf FPGAs. We also show that HERQULES is more versatile and can support shorter readout durations than the baseline design without additional training overheads

Comparative Analysis of Phase Noise for different configurations of Bragg lattice for an Atomic Gravimeter with Bose-Einstein Condensate

We perform a comparative study of the phase noise induced in the lasers used for Bragg diffraction in a Bose-Einstein condensate-based quantum gravimeter where the Bragg beams are generated using two different configurations. In one of the configurations, the Bragg beams that form the moving optical lattice are generated using two different acousto-optic modulators. In the second configuration, the Bragg beams are generated using a single acousto-optic modulator carrying two phase-locked frequencies. The second configuration shows a suppression of phase noise by a factor of 4.7 times in the frequency band upto 10 $kHz$, the primary source of noise, which is the background acoustic noise picked up by optical components and the optical table. We report a sensitivity of 99.7 $\mu Gal/\sqrt Hz$ for an interferometric time of 10 $ms$.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Food Choice Motives among the Students of a Dental Institution in Mysore City, India

Background: In pursuit of a more gholistich dentistry and an increasing focus on promoting oral health, dental students are increasingly being trained to take a more active part in health promotion and education. In particular, this incorporates an emphasis on diet and educating people to eat in more healthy ways.Aim: This paper works from the premise that if dental students are toengage in oral health promotion, they will do so more effectively if they have first explored their own food choice motivations. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive, cross.sectional questionnaire study. The food choice questionnaire (FCQ) was distributed to a comparative  group of 1st and 5th year dental students in timetabled lecture slots. The FCQ is a previously validated measure designed to assess ten main factors relevant to peoplesh food choices. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) using descriptive statistics and  independent sample t-test.Results: Nearly 77% (122/159) students responded. Findings were  analyzed using independent sample t-test. Results indicated statistically significant differences in terms of food choice motivations between male and female students of 1st and 5th year.Conclusion: Awareness and an understanding of the differences in  motivational factors affecting food choice between dental students is important as they are increasingly taught to play an active role in oral health promotion. Keywords: Africa, Food, Oral healt

Comprehensive study on l-Proline Lithium Chloride Monohydrate single crystal: A semiorganic material for nonlinear optical applications

Abstractl-Proline Lithium Chloride Monohydrate single crystal has been successfully synthesized and grown by slow evaporation solution technique. The lattice dimensions have been calculated by single crystal XRD. The presence of strain inside the crystal has been evaluated by powder X-ray diffraction. Its crystalline perfection was found to be good with the full width at half maxima of 29.31arc sec. The crystal quality can be further examined by time resolve photoluminescence spectroscopy. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss have been measured over the frequency range of 10Hz–10kHz. The curve plotted during the measurement suggests that the value of dielectric constant decreases at higher frequency which ensures that the crystal is good candidate for NLO devices. The laser damage threshold measurements have been performed for single and multiple shots which reveal that the tolerance power for the single shot is more as compared to multiple shots. Its third order nonlinearity and thermal parameters have also been assessed for the title compound. The interference patterns obtained from the birefringence studies infer the optical homogeneity and defects in the grown crystals. The density of the single crystal has been calculated by floating technique taking kerosene as a reference