Assessment on Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviour and its Association with Sociodemographic and Habitual Factors of South Indian Population

Objective: To assess the oral health knowledge, attitude, behaviour, and its association with sociodemographic and habitual factors among South Indian Population. Material and Methods: A total of 288 adults living in a residential community situated in Chennai were selected by systematic random sampling method participated in this cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out using a validated questionnaire. Results: About 97.9% of the participants in our study had good knowledge, 33.3% had a positive attitude and 48.2% had adequate oral health behaviour. Sociodemographic and habitual factors like diet (p=0.006), education (p=0.009), and employment (p=0.003) were significantly associated with knowledge. On the other hand, diet (p=0.012) was the only factor significantly associated with attitude. Ownership of house (p= 0.030) was significantly associated with behaviour and no factor was associated with all three KAB profiles. Absence of correlation were identified between Knowledge-Attitude (r=0.11, p=0.23), Knowledge-Behaviour (r= -0.037, p= 0.68) and Attitude-Behaviour (r =0.01, p=0.94). Conclusion: It has been found a massive number of participants possessed a high knowledge level towards oral health. On the other hand, less than half of the participants had a positive attitude and adequate behaviour towards oral health. No positive linear correlation was seen among knowledge, attitude, and behaviour towards oral health

Oral health in Brazil: what were the dental procedures performed in primary health care?

This cross-sectional study aims to describe the primary dental care procedures performed by Oral Health Teams (OHTs), adhering to the third cycle of the "National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care" (PMAQ-AB) in Brazil. A descriptive analysis was performed through 26 dental procedures, including spontaneous, preventive, restorative/prosthetic and surgical procedures, and actions of cancer monitoring. Each conducted procedure assigned a score to the OHT, the final score being the sum of the number of procedures performed by the OHTs. These scores were then compared among the geographic regions of the country. Most OHTs perform basic dental procedures, such as supragingival scaling, root planning and coronal polishing (98.1%), composite filling (99.0%), and permanent tooth extraction (98.6%). The frequency related to dental prosthesis and monitoring of oral cancer decreased. Only 12.9% of the OHTs carries out biopsies, 30.9% monitor patients undergoing biopsy, 15.1% carry out impression for prostheses, and 13.6% carry out prostheses’ installation. The scores reveal that OHT’s performed, on average, 19.45 (±3.16) dental procedures. The OHTs in the South, Southeast, and Northeast had a higher number of primary dental procedures, while the teams in the North and Midwest performed, on average, fewer procedures. The Brazilian regions with the highest dental need have the lowest number of dental procedures. It is necessary to increase the range of procedures offered by OHT and reduce regional inequalities, adapting to the needs of the population in order to achieve comprehensive oral health.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Fatores associados às necessidades de tratamento odontológico entre adultos com idade entre 35 e 44 anos na atenção secundária no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil: estudo transversal multinível

Esse estudo avaliou os fatores individuais e contextuais associados às necessidades de tratamento odontológico especializado na população de 35 a 44 anos no estado de Minas Gerais. Foram utilizados dados secundários referentes à saúde bucal de adultos, obtidos no levantamento epidemiológico da Pesquisa das Condições de Saúde Bucal da população mineira e de dados municipais, obtidos de bancos de dados públicos. Foi realizada análise multinível para avaliar a associação de variáveis independentes individuais e contextuais com ausência ou presença de necessidades de tratamento odontológico na atenção secundária da rede de saúde bucal. Os indivíduos com maior renda (OR 0,53; IC95% 0,31-0,93) e com maior acesso aos cuidados em saúde bucal, que caracterizam a cobertura de primeira consulta da atenção primária (OR 0,94; IC95% 0,90-0,99) apresentaram menor necessidade de tratamento odontológico na atenção secundária. A renda e o acesso aos cuidados em saúde bucal estão relacionados às necessidades de tratamento odontológico especializado em Minas Gerais.This study evaluated the individual and contextual factors associated with the specialised dental treatment needs of a population of adults aged 35 to 44 years old in the state of Minas Gerais. The individual variables were obtained from the database of the SB Minas Gerais project - a survey of oral health status of the population of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The variables at the municipal level were derived from any available public databases related to oral health services. A multilevel analysis was performed to evaluate the association of independent individuals and contextual variables with or without dental treatment needs in the secondary care of the oral health network. Individuals with a higher income (OR 0.53; CI95% 0.31-0.93) and with greater access to oral health care (OR 0.94; CI95% 0.90-0.99) had less secondary care treatment needs. Income and access to oral health care are related to the needs of specialised dental treatment in Minas Gerais

A Comparative Analysis of Three Online Drug-Drug Interaction Checkers: A Short Communication

Objective: To assess the agreement among three different online drug-drug interaction (DDI) checkers for the detection of psychotropic drug interactions among dental patients in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Material and Methods: Between January and December 2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Minas Gerais with data on pharmaceutical claims of psychotropic drugs prescribed by dental practitioners. Data from the Pharmaceutical Management System provided the drug dispensing history of the patients, allowing the identification of those on concomitant medication use. The occurrence of DDI was determined by entering the name of the drugs taken by each patient into Merative Micromedex®, Medscape®, and DrugBank. The degree of agreement among the three DDI online checkers was analyzed using the Fleiss\u27 kappa test. Results: Overall, 797 dental patients were found to be taking some psychotropic medication with other drugs simultaneously. The number of patients with DDI varied according to Micromedex® (n= 366), Medscape® (n= 473), and DrugBank (n= 736). The agreement between the DDI checkers was poor (Fleiss\u27 kappa: 0.165; p<0.001). Conclusion: The online DDI checkers assessed in this study showed variations in their ability to detect interactions and poor agreement among them

Availability of Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Medicines in Primary Health Care

Objective: To describe and analyze the availability and factors related to the presence of analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the Brazilian public primary healthcare system. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 17,903 health units that participated in the National Program for Primary Care Access and Quality Improvement (2013-2014). The dependent variable was defined as the presence of metamizole, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen in a sufficient amount. The independent variables included the type of primary health care unit, the presence of a medication disposal area, the number of physicians, nurses, and dental practitioners; and the number of primary care units with family and oral health teams. For statistical analysis, unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI) were presented. Results: The three medicines were available in 62.4% of the units. Regarding Health Clinics, the Basic Health Units (OR= 1.31, CI95% 1.18-1.44), Polyclinic (OR= 2.00, 95% CI, 1.15 -3.48), and others (OR= 1.37; 95% CI 1.14-1.63) had higher chances of availability of all three drugs. The presence of a disposal area (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.51-1.77) and the number of physicians (OR= 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08), nurses (OR= 1.08, 95% CI 1.03- 1.13), and dental practitioners (OR= 1.09, 95% CI 1.04-1.14) increased the availability odds of the analyzed drugs in the service. Conclusion: The structure of the healthcare units and the higher number of professionals were positively associated with the availability of these drugs

Clarity in the communication of oral health educational materials in Brazil and Canada

Health educational materials should be developed in such a way that communication with individuals and populations takes place in a clear and effective way. Understanding is the starting point for adequate adherence to health care recommended by thematerials. Few evaluative studies on the quality of these materials are found in the literature. The objective was to evaluate the clarity in the communication of two educational materials on oral health,made available online to the general population in two different socio-cultural contexts:Brazil and Canada.Materials edited in the last decade by public sectors in these countries were evaluated. Three evaluators applied the criteria of the original version of the Clear Communication Index instrument (CDC-CCI), as well as of the version validated in the Brazilian Portuguese language. The final assessment made by consensus provided scores of 90% and 95% of adequacy to the CDC-CCI criteria, respectively, for Brazilian and Canadian materials. It is concluded that both materials presented clear health communication.Materiais educativos em saúde devem ser desenvolvidos de forma que a comunicação com indivíduos e populações aconteça de forma clara e efetiva. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar a clareza na comunicação de materiais educativos em saúde bucal, disponibilizados online para as populações em geral em dois contextos socioculturais distintos, o Brasil e o Canadá. Foram avaliados dois materiais educativos em saúde bucal editados na última década pelo setor público desses países. Três avaliadores aplicaram os critérios da versão original do instrumento Clear Communication Index (CDC-CCI), bem como da versão validada a língua portuguesa. A avaliação final de cada material foi feita por consenso. Os escores de avaliação dos materiais resultaram em um percentual de 90% e 95% de adequação aos critérios do CDC-CCI, respectivamente para o material do Brasil e Canadá. Conclui-se que ambos materiais apresentaram percentual de conformidade satisfatório em relação à clareza na comunicação em saúde

Presença de interação medicamentosa entre penicilina e contraceptivos hormonais em mulheres: protocolo de scoping review

Introdução: Com o aumento de uso de medicamentos, as interações medicamentosas são inevitáveis. Um tipo de interação medicamentosa que é motivo de discussão e divide opiniões é uso das penicilinas concomitantemente com os contraceptivos hormonais. Objetivo: Mapear toda a evidência científica para identificar a relação da possível interação medicamentosa entre penicilina e contraceptivos hormonais em mulheres. Metodologia: Metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute e diretrizes de elaboração do PRISMA-ScR. A estratégia de busca foi elaborada utilizando unitermos indexados na base de descritores Medical Subject Headings, sendo adaptadas para as bases de dados Embase, PubMed/Medline, LILACS e Web of Science. O processo de análise, extração e síntese dos dados será desenvolvido por dois revisores independentes. Resultados e Conclusão: Serão apresentados em fluxograma e resumo narrativo. Com a elaboração da revisão de escopo, espera-se identificar lacunas existentes sobre a interação medicamentosa entre penicilina e contraceptivos hormonais em mulheres. A sua divulgação ajudará profissionais da saúde/acadêmicos a conhecer a literatura atual e sua aplicação clínica, auxiliando em estudos futuros e avanços de políticas públicas