Analizador Semántico: una extensión para un corrector ortográfico en español

En la actualidad, la mayoría de los procesadores de texto incluyen alguna utilidad de corrección ortográfica entre sus herramientas. También pueden ser encontrados en navegadores, administradores de correo electrónico y prácticamente en cualquier aplicación que requiera el ingreso de texto. El enfoque, aparentemente universal de estas herramientas, se centra en el uso de un diccionario. Este método no hace uso de las propiedades lingüísticas (morfología, sintaxis, semántica) de la palabra ni del contexto en el que es utilizada. Esto impide la detección de ciertos errores, por ejemplo, cuando se utilizan palabras que existen en el diccionario, pero por estar mal escritas tienen un signifi cado incorrecto, o cuando se usan neologismos que están bien escritos pero por no aparecer en el diccionario son considerados errores. Este trabajo extiende el desarrollo de un prototipo de corrector ortográfico que utiliza reglas de la Real Academia Española, centrándose principalmente en automatizar aquellas reglas que necesitan de la información lingüística de las palabras para su aplicación.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

The rapid spread of SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant in Italy reflected early through wastewater surveillance

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged in South Africa in November 2021, and has later been identified worldwide, raising serious concerns. A real-time RT-PCR assay was designed for the rapid screening of the Omicron variant, targeting characteristic mutations of the spike gene. The assay was used to test 737 sewage samples collected throughout Italy (19/21 Regions) between 11 November and 25 December 2021, with the aim of assessing the spread of the Omicron variant in the country. Positive samples were also tested with a real-time RT-PCR developed by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), and through nested RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Overall, 115 samples tested positive for Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant. The first occurrence was detected on 7 December, in Veneto, North Italy. Later on, the variant spread extremely fast in three weeks, with prevalence of positive wastewater samples rising from 1.0% (1/104 samples) in the week 5-11 December, to 17.5% (25/143 samples) in the week 12-18, to 65.9% (89/135 samples) in the week 19-25, in line with the increase in cases of infection with the Omicron variant observed during December in Italy. Similarly, the number of Regions/Autonomous Provinces in which the variant was detected increased from one in the first week, to 11 in the second, and to 17 in the last one. The presence of the Omicron variant was confirmed by the JRC real-time RT-PCR in 79.1% (91/115) of the positive samples, and by Sanger sequencing in 66% (64/97) of PCR amplicons. In conclusion, we designed an RT-qPCR assay capable to detect the Omicron variant, which can be successfully used for the purpose of wastewater-based epidemiology. We also described the history of the introduction and diffusion of the Omicron variant in the Italian population and territory, confirming the effectiveness of sewage monitoring as a powerful surveillance tool

Perfomance decay simulationof a gas turbine for helicopter propulsion

The effects of turbines blades erosion on the performance of a twin shafts gas turbine engine for helicopter propulsion are investigated by simulation. The engine behavior has been simulated by a mathematical model extensively validated. In order to understand the effects of low (LPT) and high (HPT) pressure turbine stator erosion (increase of throat section and blade thickness reduction according to the experimental evidence from the engine tests from Piaggio Aero Industries), the LPT and HPT performance have been simulated and their performance maps have been obtained with a high level of accuracy. Nine degradation levels have been considered. The introduction of the modified turbine characteristics into the gas turbine simulator has allowed to estimate the degradation effects on the overall engine performance, both in constant fuel mass flow rate (engine on the test bed), and engine running under effective operative conditions (engine installed on the helicopter) with the addition of the fuel control module into the simulator