Passive acoustic monitoring reveals year-round marine mammal community composition off Tasiilaq, Southeast Greenland

Climate-driven changes are affecting sea ice conditions off Tasiilaq, Southeast Greenland, with implications for marine mammal distributions. Knowledge about marine mammal presence, biodiversity, and community composition is key to effective conservation and management but is lacking, especially during winter months. Seasonal patterns of acoustic marine mammal presence were investigated relative to sea ice concentration at two recording sites between 2014 and 2018, with one (65.6°N, 37.4°W) or three years (65.5°N, 38.0°W) of passive acoustic recordings. Seven marine mammal species were recorded. Bearded seals were acoustically dominant during winter and spring, whereas sperm, humpback, and fin whales dominated during the sea ice-free summer and autumn. Narwhals, bowhead, and killer whales were recorded only rarely. Song-fragments of humpback whales and acoustic presence of fin whales in winter suggest mating-associated behavior taking place in the area. Ambient noise levels in 1/3-octave level bands (20, 63, 125, 500, 1000, and 4000 Hz), ranged between 75.6 to 105 dB re 1 μPa. This study provides multi-year insights into the coastal marine mammal community composition off Southeast Greenland and suggests that the Tasiilaq area provides suitable habitat for various marine mammal species year-round

Entrepreneurial Marketing – Zum Bedarf eines modifizierten Marketingansatzes für junge wachstumsorientierte Unternehmen

This paper employs procedures of bibliometric (co-)citation procedure and of a literature analysis that is based on it; these procedures throw some light on the scientific landscape of research in entrepreneurial marketing as reflected in the literature as it stands today. The paper aims to structure the current research landscape of this discipline and thus to lay open possible fields of future research. It reveals that the vast majority of the work identified is situated at the interface between marketing and entrepreneurship, whereas issues of start-up research – particularly with regard to new, growth-oriented enterprises – are still hardly ever dealt with. The literature analysis also demonstrates that these papers are predominantly published in entrepreneurship journals and so far have only rarely appeared in innovation and pure marketing journals