278 research outputs found
A unique pair of triangles
A rational triangle is a triangle with sides of rational lengths. In this
short note, we prove that there exists a unique pair of a rational right
triangle and a rational isosceles triangle which have the same perimeter and
the same area. In the proof, we determine the set of rational points on a
certain hyperelliptic curve by a standard but sophisticated argument which is
based on the 2-descent on its Jacobian variety and Coleman's theory of -adic
abelian integrals.Comment: 5 pages, to appear in Journal of Number Theory, Some modifications
are added to the article published onlin
A generalization of formulas for the discriminants of quasi-orthogonal polynomials with applications to hypergeometric polynomials
Let be a field. In this article, we derive a formula for the discriminant
of a sequence of polynomials. Here, and
is a sequence of polynomials satisfying a certain recurrence
relation that is considered by Ulas or Turaj. There are several works
calculating the discriminants of given polynomials. For example, Kaneko--Niiho
and Mahlburg--Ono independently proved the formula for the discriminants of
certain hypergeometric polynomials that are related to -invariants of
supersingular elliptic curves. Sawa--Uchida proved the formula for the
discriminants of quasi-Jacobi polynomials. In this article, we present a
uniform way to prove a vast generalization of the above formulas. In the proof,
we use the formulas for the resultants Res by Ulas and
Turaj that are generalizations of Schur's classical formula for the resultants.Comment: 17 page
Quadrature formulas for Bessel polynomials
A quadrature formula is a formula computing a definite integration by
evaluation at finite points. The existence of certain quadrature formulas for
orthogonal polynomials is related to interesting problems such as Waring's
problem in number theory and spherical designs in algebraic combinatorics. Sawa
and Uchida proved the existence and the non-existence of certain rational
quadrature formulas for the weight functions of certain classical orthogonal
polynomials. Classical orthogonal polynomials belong to the Askey-scheme, which
is a hierarchy of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials. Thus, it is natural to
extend the work of Sawa and Uchida to other polynomials in the Askey-scheme. In
this article, we extend the work of Sawa and Uchida to the weight function of
the Bessel polynomials. In the proofs, we use the Riesz--Shohat theorem and
Newton polygons. It is also of number theoretic interest that proofs of some
results are reduced to determining the sets of rational points on elliptic
curves.Comment: 14 page
Analyzing the Development of a Remote Debate Program Using Video Annotation through a Systems Approach
This study aims to apply a systems approach to analyze the development of an education system for remote asynchronous debates. Although several studies have applied a systems approach to various objects, they attempted to improve projects using the approach by intention. However, in our study, the use of a systems approach was an unintentional part of the process, with stakeholders not being explicitly aware of the concepts behind systems thinking. In the midst of the process, a variety of systems thinking methods were partially adopted, making the project more systemic; however, the project was not oriented to follow specific problem-solving techniques. An educational program and information system for education support with sufficient systemic properties was created with such a systems approach. We propose that working on a problem with significant underlying systemic properties may help one to naturally adopt a systems approach
Zn-induced wipeout effect on Cu NQR spectra in LaSrCuZnO
We report a systematic study of Zn-substitution effect on Cu NQR spectrum for
high superconductors LaSrCuZnO from
carrier-underdoped to -overdoped regimes (polycrystalline samples, =0.10,
0.15, and 0.20). We observed no appreciable wipeout effect for the overdoped
samples, a gradual and partial wipeout effect below about 80 K for the
optimally doped ones, and very abrupt and full wipeout effect below about 40 K
for the underdoped ones. The wipeout effect indicates a highly enhanced
spectral weight of Cu spin fluctuations at a low frequency. We associate the
wipeout effect with a Zn-induced local magnetism far above 40 K and with a
localization effect below 40 K.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physica C (LT23,
Hiroshima 2002
Study on the magnetization reversal process in a magnetic nanowire and a magnetic dot observed by magnetic field sweeping magnetic force microscopy measurements (invited)
IL-1β Suppresses the Formation of Osteoclasts by Increasing OPG Production via an Autocrine Mechanism Involving Celecoxib-Related Prostaglandins in Chondrocytes
Elevated interleukin (IL)-1 concentrations in synovial fluid have been implicated in joint bone and cartilage destruction. Previously, we showed that IL-1β stimulated the expression of prostaglandin (PG) receptor EP4 via increased PGE2 production. However, the effect of IL-1β on osteoclast formation via chondrocytes is unclear. Therefore, we examined the effect of IL-1β and/or celecoxib on the expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in human chondrocytes, and the indirect effect of IL-1β on osteoclast-like cell formation using RAW264.7 cells. OPG and RANKL expression increased with IL-1β; whereas M-CSF expression decreased. Celecoxib blocked the stimulatory effect of IL-1β. Conditioned medium from IL-1β-treated chondrocytes decreased TRAP staining in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that IL-1β suppresses the formation of osteoclast-like cells via increased OPG production and decreased M-CSF production in chondrocytes, and OPG production may increase through an autocrine mechanism involving celecoxib-related PGs
Effectiveness of Dance/Movement Therapy Intervention for Children with Intellectual Disability at an Early Childhood Special Education Preschool
Children with intellectual disability (ID) often have deficits in gross motor skills and static and dynamic balance abilities, poor lower muscle strength, and an increased risk of serious falls. They also face difficulty in continuing physical activity programs due to cognitive impairment and easy loss of motivation. However, dance/movement therapy (DMT) has been found to help children with ID perform static and dynamic movements. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of DMT group sessions for children with ID as part of an early childhood special education preschool program. The outcome measures involved employing a hand-held dynamometer to assess knee extensor muscles, the one-leg stand test for static balance, and the timed “up and go” test for dynamic balance, and administering the Child Behavior Checklist and Caregiver-Teacher Report Form for children’s adaptive functions and behavioral problems, as reported by parents or relatives and teachers respectively. Twenty-one children with ID aged 36 to 72 months participated in the study. Ten 60-min DMT group sessions were conducted as manualized intervention, once a week. The measurements were done before and after the 10 DMT group session, and then compared. The results showed statistically significant changes in both knee extensor muscles, the standing time for both legs in the one-leg stand test, attention problems and affective problems in the Checklist, and total score, internalizing problems (including emotionally reactive and somatic complaints), externalizing problems (including attention problems and aggressive behavior), affective problems, anxiety problems, and attention deficit/hyperactivity problems in the Report Form. This study found that the DMT group sessions as part of an early childhood special education preschool program for children with ID aged 36 to 72 months helped improve their knee extensor muscles and static balance while reducing maladaptive behaviors, enabling them to enjoy the sessions for the full study period
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