Real-time and Apparent-time Changes in Semantics: Japanese Classifiers Tested across Generations and after a Quarter Century

National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistic

From Bound Grammatical Markers to Free Discourse Markers: History of Some Japanese Connectives

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 340-35

On the Lexical Nature of Purposive and Participial Complex Motion Predicates in Japanese

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 180-19

Real-time and Apparent-time Changes in Semantics : Japanese Classifiers Tested across Generations and after a Quarter Century

National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistic

Japanease classifiers and the pragmatic reduction of lexical meanings

National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistic

〈共同研究プロジェクト紹介〉領域指定型 : 空間移動表現の類型論と日本語―ダイクシスに焦点を当てた通言語的実験研究― 日本語の空間移動表現 : 通言語的実験から捉える

神戸大学大学院人文学研究科通言語的な実験を用いた,移動表現の研究を紹介し,それを通して明らかになった日本語移動表現の性質の一部を報告する。研究内容の全体について解説した後,明らかになった点の中から,様態,経路,ダイクシスの表現頻度について考察する。日本語は,様態と経路の表現頻度が諸言語の中で平均的である一方,ダイクシスの表現頻度が高い。これは,様態,経路,ダイクシスに言及するかどうかに関する条件の違いと多重指定の可能性を反映している。たとえば,日本語は様態について,〈歩く〉に言及しない傾向がある。ダイクシスについては,どのようなケースでも一貫してダイクシス表現(動詞)が使われ,話者へ向かっての移動では多重指定が起こることから,表現頻度が高い。Some of the results of a crosslinguistic experimental study of motion expressions are reported, with focus on the status of Japanese in comparison to the other languages investigated. An overview of the project is followed by a discussion of one specific topic: manner, path, and deixis frequencies in linguistic descriptions of motion events. Japanese is close to the average in the frequencies with which manner and path are linguistically mentioned, while the specification of deixis is more frequent than the average. This result reflects (1) constraints on the mentioning of components of motion events, and (2) the possibility of multiple specification of a single component within a clause. For example, Japanese speakers make limited references to the manner of WALKING. Reference to deixis among Japanese speakers is frequent, given the consistent reference to deixis across different situation types and the multiple reference to it in the TOWARD THE SPEAKER situation

Characteristics of Novel Triplet Spun Yarns Made from Fibers of Differing Fineness

In order to reduce the hairiness of ring spun yarns and to develop novel multilayered spun yarns, we investigated the properties of triplet spun yams made from the same size of three rovings with different fiber fineness using an experimental ring spinning frame. The results were: (1) different fiber fineness triplet spun yarn, a new yarn made by combination staple fibers of three different fineness into one twisting process; (2) although triplet spun yarn had a side-by-side structure in the cross-section, the central angle made by the assembly of finer fibers was smaller than that of coarser fibers; and (3) in comparison with single yam, triplet spun yarn had less hairiness and greater strength because of the lower spinning tension of each strand and the twist propagation in each strand.ArticleTEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL. 79(10):947-952 (2009)journal articl

Exploratory Work on the Spinning Condition of the Structure of Staple-core Twin-spun Yarns

In order to design and develop novel-spun yarns with good functionality, we investigated how to construct a core-sheath structure adapted from a multilayered structure of triplet-spun yarn and/or made from a twin-spun yarn with core-staple fibers using an experimental ring-spinning frame. The results were follows: (1) staple-core twin-spun yarn, a new yarn, could be made by applying the production method of triplet-spun yarn and/or combining the production methods of core-spun yarn and twin-spun yarn into one twisting process; (2) by adopting three rovings made from fibers of differing length and fineness, the resulting triplet-spun yarn had the core-sheath structure within an adequate spinning condition; (3) for the construction of core-sheath structure, it is important that there be a difference between spinning tensions at the center and the two sides of the drafted fiber strands or drafted strand lengths from the front roller nip to the point of yarn formation by controlling the distance of the supply rovings and the yarn's twist factor.ArticleTEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL. 80(11):1056-1064 (2010)journal articl

Plasma level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein is an independent determinant of coronary macrovasomotor and microvasomotor responses induced by bradykinin

AbstractObjectivesWe examined the relationship between coronary endothelium-dependent vasodilation in response to bradykinin (BK) and plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in subjects with normal coronary arteries.BackgroundIt is unclear whether the plasma oxLDL level is a determinant of coronary endothelial function. Bradykinin plays an important role in regulating resting coronary tone and flow-mediated coronary vasomotion.MethodsCoronary blood flow (CBF) in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was assessed by quantitative angiography and a Doppler flow wire in 94 consecutive subjects with normal coronary arteries. The plasma oxLDL level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using DLH3R, a specific antibody against oxLDL.ResultsPlasma levels of oxLDL in diabetic subjects (n = 13) were higher than those in non-diabetic subjects (n = 81). Plasma levels of oxLDL correlated with body mass index (BMI). Bradykinin at doses of 0.2, 0.6, and 2.0 μg/min caused dose-dependent increases in diameter and CBF in the LAD coronary artery. By a univariate analysis, oxLDL levels significantly correlated with epicardial (r = −0.30, p < 0.0001) and resistant (r = −0.36, p = 0.003) coronary vasodilator responses to BK at 2.0 μg/min, whereas total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were not associated with these coronary responses. In a stepwise multivariate analysis, oxLDL levels were significantly correlated with epicardial and resistant coronary vasomotor responses to BK, independent of age, gender, smoking status, other lipid levels, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes.ConclusionsThe plasma level of oxLDL is an appropriate surrogate for assessing coronary endothelial-dependent vasomotor function as estimated by responses to BK compared with conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis