Global partnership for education results based financing: A case study of teacher deployment strategies in Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa

departmental bulletin pape

高齢者における配偶者死別後の悲嘆過程 : 農村社会での調査結果を踏まえて

The bereavement of spouses is the most serious trial in one\u27s lifetime. We conducted a survey on the bereavement of people sixty five and over in rural areas in Japan from October \u2794 to September \u2795. Findings from this survey are as follows. 1. Elderly bereaved persons in Japan\u27s rural society experience a mild grief process. 2. However, the following cases need social supports; 1) in the case that the elderly bereaved became alone and get little support from their friends and relatives, 2) in the case that they had no time for preparation psychologically because their spouses\u27 death happened suddenly, 3) in the case that they have great difficulty in everyday life, 4) in the case that they are sickly and also have economical anxiety, 5) in the case that they have a strong anger and blame physicians for their spouses\u27death, 6) in the case that even though they live with their family, their personal relationships are not good. 3. We should start with the present system of visiting nursing as a social support for the elderly bereaved and add a counselling system to it. Still more, some kind of volunteer groups to care for the elderly bereaved and other support groups for them are now needed.配偶者との死別は人生の中で最も厳しい試練であると言われている。しかしこの種のテーマを扱った実証的研究は乏しく, とりわけ, 高齢者のそれは皆無に近い。そこで著者は94年10月から95年9月まで, 配偶者と死別した65才以上の高齢者に聞き取り調査を実施した。調査地域は富山県の農村部で, 配偶者と死別後7-8ヵ月が経過した頃に訪問を実施した。調査結果から得られた所見は次の通りであった。1.高齢者の死別後の悲嘆過程は一般的に若年者のそれよりもマイルドである。2.しかし次のようなケースでは社会的サポートを必要とする。即ち, 1)死別後独居となって, 家族や友人からの支援がほとんど無い場合。2)配偶者が急死したために心の準備ができなかった場合。3)日常生活に多大な困難がある場合。4)死別者自身に深刻な健康問題があったり, 経済的に不安のある場合。5)配偶者への治療に不満を持ち, 医師に怒りを感じている場合。6)性格的な問題があったり, 家族と同居していても, 関係が良好ではない場合。3.これらの高齢者の支援のためには, 現存の訪問看護システムに死別カウンセリングを導入したり, 高齢死別者自身の自助グループの結成援助等さまざまな取り組みが必要とされよう

Lithium intoxication–induced dysgeusia accompanied by glossalgia in a patient receiving lithium carbonate: a case report

Background: Lithium carbonate is widely used as a first-line therapeutic agent for the depressive and manic phases of bipolar disorder. Although limb tremors and hypothyroidism are well-known side effects of lithium carbonate, other rare adverse reactions can also occur. Case presentation: A 53-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed with lithium intoxication developed dysgeusia and glossalgia during treatment with lithium carbonate. She also showed symptoms of a swaying gait, finger tremors, and dysarthria. All of these symptoms subsided when her blood lithium concentration was reduced to a level below that which induces intoxication. Conclusions: We present a rare case of lithium carbonate–induced dysgeusia accompanied by glossalgia. Early detection of these symptoms is important in clinical settings because they can be overlooked until patients lose their appetite, which severely impairs their quality of life

Dicer Functions in Aquatic Species

Dicer is an RNase III enzyme with two catalytic subunits, which catalyzes the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to small interfering RNAs and micro-RNAs, which are mainly involved in invasive nucleic acid defense and endogenous genes regulation. Dicer is abundantly expressed in embryos, indicating the importance of the protein in early embryonic development. In addition, Dicer is thought to be involved in defense mechanism against foreign nucleic acids such as viruses. This paper will mainly focus on the recent progress of Dicer-related research and discuss potential RNA interference pathways in aquatic species

起業家及びベンチャー経営者と人的ネットワークに関する研究

学位の種別:課程博士University of Tokyo(東京大学

Indoor Environment and Energy Consumption of an Elementary School in a Subtropical Region

Indoor thermal environment and air quality in an elementary school were measured and examined for the basic data of net Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs) and the adaptation to the impacts of climate change. The target school is located in Okinawa, a subtropical archipelagic region with hot and humid climate in Japan. The school is equipped with air conditioners (ACs) that are sometimes operated without natural ventilation. The measurement results are as follows: (1) The ACs were operated when the daily average air temperature was over 22 C. (2) The ACs in the class rooms were controlled by the teachers individually. The preset temperature was sometimes too low. (3) Direct solar radiation penetrated the class rooms, which increased the heat load. (4) The higher point in the class rooms was the higher temperature when AC was working. (5) The CO2 concentrations in the class rooms were kept under 1000ppm by heat exchange ventilation systems.publishedVersio

MPP6 stimulates both RRP6 and DIS3 to degrade a specified subset of MTR4-sensitive substrates in the human nucleus

ヒト細胞内でRNA分解時に働く因子の役割を解明 --細胞内におけるRNA分解機構の全容解明に期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-05.Recent in vitro reconstitution analyses have proven that the physical interaction between the exosome core and MTR4 helicase, which promotes the exosome activity, is maintained by either MPP6 or RRP6. However, knowledge regarding the function of MPP6 with respect to in vivo exosome activity remains scarce. Here, we demonstrate a facilitative function of MPP6 that composes a specific part of MTR4-dependent substrate decay by the human exosome. Using RNA polymerase II-transcribed poly(A)⁺ substrate accumulation as an indicator of a perturbed exosome, we found functional redundancy between RRP6 and MPP6 in the decay of these poly(A)⁺ transcripts. MTR4 binding to the exosome core via MPP6 was essential for MPP6 to exert its redundancy with RRP6. However, at least for the decay of our identified exosome substrates, MTR4 recruitment by MPP6 was not functionally equivalent to recruitment by RRP6. Genome-wide classification of substrates based on their sensitivity to each exosome component revealed that MPP6 deals with a specific range of substrates and highlights the importance of MTR4 for their decay. Considering recent findings of competitive binding to the exosome between auxiliary complexes, our results suggest that the MPP6-incorporated MTR4-exosome complex is one of the multiple alternative complexes rather than the prevailing one

Exploring molecular backgrounds of quality traits in rice by predictive models based on high-coverage metabolomics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Increasing awareness of limitations to natural resources has set high expectations for plant science to deliver efficient crops with increased yields, improved stress tolerance, and tailored composition. Collections of representative varieties are a valuable resource for compiling broad breeding germplasms that can satisfy these diverse needs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we show that the untargeted high-coverage metabolomic characterization of such core collections is a powerful approach for studying the molecular backgrounds of quality traits and for constructing predictive metabolome-trait models. We profiled the metabolic composition of kernels from field-grown plants of the rice diversity research set using 4 complementary analytical platforms. We found that the metabolite profiles were correlated with both the overall population structure and fine-grained genetic diversity. Multivariate regression analysis showed that 10 of the 17 studied quality traits could be predicted from the metabolic composition independently of the population structure. Furthermore, the model of amylose ratio could be validated using external varieties grown in an independent experiment.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results demonstrate the utility of metabolomics for linking traits with quantitative molecular data. This opens up new opportunities for trait prediction and construction of tailored germplasms to support modern plant breeding.</p