非水系リチウム空気電池における正極-電解質界面制御に関する研究

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学教授 橋本 和仁, 東京大学教授 宮山 勝, 東京大学教授 山田 淳夫, 東京大学准教授 中西 周次, 物質・材料研究機構主席研究員 久保 佳実University of Tokyo(東京大学

トラウマ ニ カンレン スル ハンスウ ト シンニュウ シコウ ノ カンレン オヨビ デキゴト カラ ノ キョリカ オ ソクシン スル ヨウ コウゾウカ サレタ ヒッキ ノ コウカ ノ ケントウ

The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between trauma-related rumination and intrusive thinking, and the effects of structured disclosure to facilitate distancing from the event on the trauma-related rumination, posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR). In Study I, 38 undergraduates who maintain 9 or more scores of Impact of Event Scale (IES) for one month responded broad-trauma related rumination scale (BTRRS) and IES two times. Regression analysis revealed that there was association with the scores on changes of both factors of BTRRS (broad trauma-related rumination and degree of distancing from the broad trauma) and the scores on changes of intrusion factor of IES（R2=.162，p=.007；R2=.253，p=.001）. In Study II, participants in the Study I were randomly assigned into three groups: the structured disclosure group(n=8), the free disclosure group(n=7) and the control group(n=8). The structured disclosure group was asked to write the event to facilitate distancing from it. In particular, they wrote the event, and after that wrote it again from the other person's perspective. The free disclosure group wrote the event and the event-related emotion freely. The control group wrote their behavior on the day before and before experiment, and the plan after experiment without emotion. Results showed that the structured disclosure increased short-term distancing more than other groups, but did not increase long-term one and decrease the rumination. Although all participants in groups decreased PTSR and the distress about the event after one month of disclosure, the differences on groups were not significant. Results of this study were discussed from the theoretical standpoints

One-dimensional Ablation Analysis of Lightweight CFRP Ablators with Coking

The coking phenomenon within a lightweight carbon-phenolic ablator exposed to the heating environment of air is investigated. The existing one-dimensional charring ablation analysis code is modified so that the coking behavior of the ablator can be calculated as well as the thermal response behavior within a lightweight carbon-phenolic ablator. The mass conservation equations for a pyrolysis gas and carbon in the gas are given. The energy equation including the coking process is also presented. The measured density distributions of some arc-heated CFRP ablator samples are compared with those calculated by the ablation analysis code, from which good agreement is obtained. The density profiles with and without coking are compared. The effect of temperature dependency of carbon mass fraction in a pyrolysis gas in the coking equation upon the density profile is examined. The effect of heating rate upon the density distribution in an ablator is also examined. The effect of coking upon the surface recession is studied analytically and experimentally.31st International Symposium on Space Technology and Science (ISTS), June 3-9, 2017, Matsuyama, Ehime , Japa

VGLL3 is a mechanosensitive protein that promotes cardiac fibrosis through liquid–liquid phase separation

Myofibroblasts cause tissue fibrosis by producing extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagens. Humoral factors like TGF-β, and matrix stiffness are important for collagen production by myofibroblasts. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating their ability to produce collagen remain poorly characterised. Here, we show that vestigial-like family member 3 (VGLL3) is specifically expressed in myofibroblasts from mouse and human fibrotic hearts and promotes collagen production. Further, substrate stiffness triggers VGLL3 translocation into the nucleus through the integrin β1-Rho-actin pathway. In the nucleus, VGLL3 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation via its low-complexity domain and is incorporated into non-paraspeckle NONO condensates containing EWS RNA-binding protein 1 (EWSR1). VGLL3 binds EWSR1 and suppresses miR-29b, which targets collagen mRNA. Consistently, cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction is significantly attenuated in Vgll3-deficient mice, with increased miR-29b expression. Overall, our results reveal an unrecognised VGLL3-mediated pathway that controls myofibroblasts’ collagen production, representing a novel therapeutic target for tissue fibrosis

Peripheral Blood CD64 Levels Decrease in Crohn's Disease following Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis

Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) is reportedly useful as induction therapy for Crohn's disease (CD). However, the effects of GMA on CD64 have not been well characterized. We report here our assessment of CD64 expression on neutrophils before and after treatment with GMA in two patients with CD. The severity of CD was assessed with the CD activity index (CDAI). The duration of each GMA session was 60 min at a flow rate of 30 ml/min as per protocol. CD64 expression on neutrophils was measured by analyzing whole blood with a FACScan flow cytometer. In case 1, CD64 levels after each session of GMA tended to decrease compared to pretreatment levels, whereas in case 2, CD64 levels dropped significantly after treatment. The CDAI decreased after GMA in both cases 1 and 2. A significant correlation was noted between CDAI scores and CD64 levels in both cases. In conclusion, GMA reduced blood CD64 levels, which would be an important factor for the decrease of CDAI scores

The Telescope Array Experiment: Hybrid Measurement of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in Northern Hemisphere

Abstract The result of AGASA shows the extension of the cosmic ray energy spectrum above the GZK cut-off. Several new generation experiments are planned or under construction to identify the origin of such ultra high energy (UHE) cosmic rays exceeding the cut-off. We report here the design of hybrid Telescope Array (TA) and introduce plans of improving the accuracy of measuring the energy spectrum by the hybrid measurement of ground array and air fluorescence telescope

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for acute kidney injury 2016

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome which has a broad range of etiologic factors depending on different clinical settings. Because AKI has significant impacts on prognosis in any clinical settings, early detection and intervention are necessary to improve the outcomes of AKI patients. This clinical guideline for AKI was developed by a multidisciplinary approach with nephrology, intensive care medicine, blood purification, and pediatrics. Of note, clinical practice for AKI management which was widely performed in Japan was also evaluated with comprehensive literature search