Brane inflation without slow-roll

The scenario of brane inflation without using the conventional slow-roll approximations has been investigated. Based on the mechanism of generating the curvature perturbations at the end of inflation, a new brane inflation paradigm was developed. The conditions for making a sufficiently large enough number of e-foldings and for generating the curvature perturbations without producing dangerous relics were also examined. Benefits of our scenario are subsequently discussed in detail.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, added an appendix, accepted for publication in JHE

String production after angled brane inflation

We describe string production after angled brane inflation. First, we point out that there was a discrepancy in previous discussions. The expected tension of the cosmic string calculated from the four-dimensional effective Lagrangian did not match the one obtained in the brane analysis. In the previous analysis, the cosmic string is assumed to correspond to the lower-dimensional daughter brane, which wraps the same compactified space as the original mother brane. In this case, however, the tension of the daughter brane cannot depend on the angle (\theta). On the other hand, from the analysis of the effective Lagrangian for tachyon condensation, it is easy to see that the tension of the cosmic string must be proportional to \theta, when \theta << 1. This is an obvious discrepancy that must be explained by consideration of the explicit brane dynamics. In this paper, we will solve this problem by introducing a simple idea. We calculate the tension of the string in the two cases, which matches precisely. The cosmological constraint for angled inflation is relaxed, because the expected tension of the cosmic string becomes smaller than the one obtained in previous arguments, by a factor of \theta.Comment: 13pages, 3 figures, typos correcte

Generating the curvature perturbation with instant preheating

A new mechanism for generating the curvature perturbation at the end of inflaton has been investigated. The dominant contribution to the primordial curvature perturbation may be generated during the period of instant preheating. The mechanism converts isocurvature perturbation related to a light field into curvature perturbation, where the ``light field'' is not the inflaton field. This mechanism is important in inflationary models where kinetic energy is significant at the end of inflaton. We show how one can apply this mechanism to various brane inflationary models.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure, To appear in JCA

Radiocarbon datings of Yamato meteorites

The terrestrial ages of five Yamato Meteorites were measured by the content of cosmic-ray-produced carbon-14. Three Yamato Meteorites Y-74013, Y-74097, and Y-74136, which are all diogenites, were found at sites from one to two kilometers apart from each other. Evidence is presented for these three meteorites being a single meteorite. Also presented is a method adopted in the experimental procedure which includes a check for modern carbon contamination in the meteorites

Formation of monopoles and domain walls after brane inflation

We study cosmological defect formation after brane inflation. The cosmological defects are corresponding to the branes that have less than three spacial dimensions in the uncompactified spacetime. Contrary to the previous arguments, production of monopoles and domain walls are not always negligible. Monopoles and domain walls are formed by the branes extended between mother branes.Comment: 27pages, 7 figures, many comments, footnotes and reviews are added, to appear in JHE

Q ball inflation

We show that inflation can occur in the core of a Q-ball.Comment: 11 pages, latex2e, no figure, references added, final version to appear in PR

Dark matter production from cosmic necklaces

Cosmic strings have gained a great interest, since they are formed in a large class of brane inflationary models. The most interesting story is that cosmic strings in brane models are distinguished in future cosmological observations. If the strings in brane models are branes or superstrings that can move along compactified space, and also if there are degenerated vacua along the compactified space, kinks interpolate between degenerated vacua become ``beads'' on the strings. In this case, strings turn into necklaces. In the case that the compact manifold in not simply connected, a string loop that winds around a nontrivial circle is stable due to the topological reason. Since the existence of the (quasi-)degenerated vacua and the nontrivial circle is a common feature of the brane models, it is important to study cosmological constraints on the cosmic necklaces and the stable winding states. In this paper, we consider dark matter production from loops of the cosmic necklaces. Our result suggests that necklaces can put stringent bound on certain kinds of brane models.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures, added many comments and 3 figures, accepted for publication in JCA

Inelastic contribution of the resistivity in the hidden order in URu2Si2

In the hidden order of URu2Si2 the resistivity at very low temperature shows no T^2 behavior above the transition to superconductivity. However, when entering the antiferromagnetic phase, the Fermi liquid behavior is recovered. We discuss the change of the inelastic term when entering the AF phase with pressure considering the temperature dependence of the Grueneisen parameter at ambient pressure and the influence of superconductivity by an extrapolation of high field data.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, SCES conference proceedin