Vowel Duration in Relation to Stress Patterns in Adults

Vowel durations of college females were studied. The durations of four vowels were taken from a contro.lled sample, and relationships among the vowels and be.tween the positions were examined. The durations of the vowels were found to differ significantly from each other, and the durations were significantly longer in the final position of the sentences.Speec

Progress Report on Study of Water in the Santa Cruz Valley Arizona

This item is part of the Agricultural Experiment Station archive. It was digitized from a physical copy provided by the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information, please email CALS Publications at [email protected]

The recent development of steels with carbide-free acicular microstructures containing retained austenite

After a lengthy period of improvement in carbon steel ferrite/pearlite microstructures by microalloying andcontrolled processing, some attention has focused back more recently upon acicular forms of microstructure.In particular, an interesting advance in this area has been the development, primarily by alloying with Si, ofso-called ‘carbide-free’ bainitic steels, where carbon-stabilized retained austenite is substituted for cementite.Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) sheet steel with enhanced properties, principally targeted forautomotive use, and future potential ‘nanobainite’ steel, are two noteworthy examples. Even more recently, thisconcept of developing steel microstructures containing carbon-enriched retained austenite has been extendedfurther by introducing novel heat treatment procedures to replace bainite with martensite. This nonequilibrium‘quenching and partitioning’ process route, as it is known, offers possibilities of immediateadvantage: enhanced strength from a martensitic structure protected from the more damaging effects ofcarbon, along with the promise of new properties from the retained austenite phase which could potentiallycontain a very high controlled concentration of carbon

Book Reviews

BibleWorks. DVD-ROM and CD-ROM, version 8 2009. BibleWorks, LLC. $349 Reviewed by Michael D. Matlock and Bradly T. Johnson Paul A. Hartog, ed. The Contemporary Church and the Early Church: Case Studies in Ressourcement Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2010 Reviewed by Charles Meeks Gary B. McGee Miracles, Missions, and American Pentecostalism American Society of Missiology series 45 2010. Maryknoll: Orbis Books Reviewed by Amos Yong John R. Levison Filled with the Spirit Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2009. Reviewed by Joseph B. O. Okello Constance M. Cherry The Worship Architect: A Blueprint for Designing Culturally Relevant and Biblically Faithful Services 2010. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic Reviewed by Kandace Brooks Michael P. Graves Preaching the Inward Light: Early Quaker Rhetoric 2009. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press Reviewed by J. Ellsworth Kala

Austenite Formation and Manganese Partitioning during Double Soaking of an Ultralow Carbon Medium-Manganese Steel

Double soaking (DS) is a thermal processing route intended to produce austenite–martensite microstructures in steels containing austenite-stabilizing additions and consists of intercritical annealing (primary soaking), followed by heating and brief isothermal holding at an increased temperature (secondary soaking), and quenching. Herein, experimental dilatometry during DS of a medium-manganese (Mn) steel with nominally 7 wt% Mn and an ultralow residual carbon concentration, in combination with phase-field simulations of austenite formation during secondary soaking, is presented. The feasibility of maintaining heterogeneous Mn distributions during DS is demonstrated and insight is provided on the effects of the secondary soaking temperature and prior Mn distribution on the ferrite-to-austenite phase transformation during the secondary soaking portion of the DS treatment

Illustrating potential efficiency gains from using cost-effectiveness evidence to reallocate Medicare expenditures

This article is available open access through the publisher’s website at the linke below. Copyright @ 2013, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR).This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Objectives - The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services does not explicitly use cost-effectiveness information in national coverage determinations. The objective of this study was to illustrate potential efficiency gains from reallocating Medicare expenditures by using cost-effectiveness information, and the consequences for health gains among Medicare beneficiaries. Methods - We included national coverage determinations from 1999 through 2007. Estimates of cost-effectiveness were identified through a literature review. For coverage decisions with an associated cost-effectiveness estimate, we estimated utilization and size of the “unserved” eligible population by using a Medicare claims database (2007) and diagnostic and reimbursement codes. Technology costs originated from the cost-effectiveness literature or were estimated by using reimbursement codes. We illustrated potential aggregate health gains from increasing utilization of dominant interventions (i.e., cost saving and health increasing) and from reallocating expenditures by decreasing investment in cost-ineffective interventions and increasing investment in relatively cost-effective interventions. Results - Complete information was available for 36 interventions. Increasing investment in dominant interventions alone led to an increase of 270,000 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and savings of $12.9 billion. Reallocation of a broader array of interventions yielded an additional 1.8 million QALYs, approximately 0.17 QALYs per affected Medicare beneficiary. Compared with the distribution of resources prior to reallocation, following reallocation a greater proportion was directed to oncology, diagnostic imaging/tests, and the most prevalent diseases. A smaller proportion of resources went to cardiology, treatments (including drugs, surgeries, and medical devices, as opposed to nontreatments such as preventive services), and the least prevalent diseases. Conclusions - Using cost-effectiveness information has the potential to increase the aggregate health of Medicare beneficiaries while maintaining existing spending levels.The Commonwealth Fun

Winter Mass Mortality of Animals in Texas Bays

The Texas coast experienced three unusually cold weather periods in the 1980\u27s, one in 1983 and two in 1989, that caused massive fish kills. Identification of organisms killed and estimation of the number of estuarine fishes and invertebrates killed was accomplished through a systematic standardized approach utilizing airplanes, ground qualitative observations and quantitative counts, and trawling. Of 159 species identified, 103 were fishes, 45 were invertebrates, and 11 were vertebrates other than fishes. About 14 million fishes were killed in December 1983, 11 million in February 1989 and 6 million in December 1989; number of invertebrates killed ranged from 13,000 in February 1989 to 1,000,000 in 1983. These assessments are the largest in area and most comprehensive to be documented in the literature with known levels of precision. Methodology used provides reasonably precise estimates which managers can use to assess extensive widespread kills and subsequent impacts on affected populations. It is recommended that managers consider reducing fishing mortality on the remaining economically important populations after extensive kills to speed recovery of those populations

U-drawing of Fortiform 1050 third generation steels. Numerical and experimental results

Elasto–plastic behavior of the third generation Fortiform 1050 steel has been analysed using cyclic tension–compression tests. At the same time, the pseudo elastic modulus evolution with plastic strain was analysed using cyclic loading and unloading tests. From the experiments, it was found that the cyclic behavior of the steel is strongly kinematic and elastic modulus decrease with plastic strain is relevant for numerical modelling. In order to numerically analyse a U-Drawing process, strip drawing tests have been carried out at different contact pressures and Filzek model has been used to fit the experimental data and implement a pressure dependent friction law in Autoform software. Finally, numerical predictions of springback have been compared with the experimentally ones obtained using a sensorized UDrawing tooling. Different material and contact models have been examined and most influencing parameters have been identified to model the forming of these new steels

Far Field Plume Distribution and Divergence for NEXT: DART Mission

In support of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, laboratory measurements were made on the NEXT ion engine, which will be used for the spacecraft's in-space propulsion [1]. This study revisits a small range of mission-specific 2.7A throttle levels to understand the effect of in-flight flow rate variability, investigate intermediate throttle conditions, and improve measurement methodology. This paper specifically examines the far-field plume divergence and backflow ion flux distribution of the NEXT, while a companion paper examines the charge state distributions