“DELTA DE CO2 Y SU ASOCIACIÓN CON EL CHOQUE HIPOVOLÉMICO HEMORRÁGICO GRADO III/IV POSTQUIRÚRGICO EN PACIENTES INGRESADOS AL SERVICIO DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DEL CENTRO MÉDICO ISSEMYM TOLUCA, EN EL PERIODO COMPRENDIDO DE ENERO DEL 2013 A JUNIO DEL 2016”.

RESUMEN Introducción: El delta CO2 es considerado un marcador útil para la evaluación de la hipoperfusión tisular temprana en el estado de choque, desconociéndose su asociación en el choque hipovolémico hemorrágico postquirúrgico. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, longitudinal y retrolectivo, en pacientes con choque hipovólemico hemorrágico grado III/IV ingresados al servicio de Terapia Intensiva del Centro Médico ISSEMYM Toluca, de enero del 2013 a junio del 2016, en el postquirúrgico inmediato. Divididos según el delta CO2 al ingreso, 6 mmHg, determinando su evolución a las 24hrs. Resultados: De 49 pacientes, 28 cursaron con delta CO2 6 mmHg. Choque hipovolémico grado III en el 36% en el grupo 1, 43% en el grupo 2, p=0.612; grado IV con 64% en el grupo 1 y 57% en el grupo 2, p=0.612. Delta SOFA del 17.8% en el grupo 1 y 19.0% en el grupo 2. Asociación delta delta CO2 y delta SOFA, con p=0.62. Días de estancia en UCI, 4.5 (1 – 46) días en el grupo 1 y 6 días para el grupo dos (2 -149 días). Conclusión:Existe una tendencia positiva entre el delta delta CO2 y el delta SOFA, así como el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria en UCI asociado a delta CO2 > 6mmHg, por lo que se deberá de valorar nuevos estudios de tipo prospectivo

Prognostic value of PCT and CRP as markers of severity in community acquired pneumonia in older adults

Introducción: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el mundo. La proteína C reactiva puede identificar a pacientes críticamente enfermos. La procalcitonina (PCT) ha sido referida como un marcador sensible de gravedad de la infección bacteriana y sepsis. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cohorte prospectivo en el servicio de geriatría del Centro Médico ISSEMYM, Metepec, Estado de México, con todos los pacientes que ingresaron a hospitalización con diagnóstico de NAC entre mayo 2012 a marzo 2013. Se midieron PCR, PCT y laboratorios de rutina. Para la comparación de variables continuas se utilizó la T de Student ó U de Mann Whitney según su distribución. Para la comparación de variables categóricas se utilizo la prueba de X2. Para el análisis de supervivencia se utilizó el estimador de Kaplan-Meier. Para establecer el riesgo de mortalidad se empleó el modelo de regresión de COX obteniendo el Hazard Ratio. Para la correlación entre los niveles séricos de PCT y PCR se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Se registraron los datos de un total de 82 pacientes. La supervivencia media cuando PCT > de 0.5 ng/dl fue de 17 días (IC 95%, 11 a 23 días) versus 26 días (IC 95%, 17 a 35 días) para PCT < de 0.5 ng/dl (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusiones: El nivel sérico de PCT mayor a 0.5 ng/dl mostró ser un marcador pronóstico en pacientes geriátricos con neumonía

Anti-Aminoacyl Transfer-RNA-Synthetases (Anti-tRNA) Autoantibodies Associated with Interstitial Lung Disease: Pulmonary Disease Progression has a Persistent Elevation of the Th17 Cytokine Profile

Anti-tRNA autoantibodies are associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), in at least two clinical scenarios: the anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). Under pathological conditions, cytokines indicate the participating elements and the course of inflammatory phenomena. We aimed to quantify serum concentrations of different inflammatory cytokines profiles in patients with anti-tRNA associated ILD (anti-tRNA-ILD) and estimate the association between these and ILD improvement and progression. Serum levels of 18 cytokines from baseline and after six months of treatment of ILD patients&rsquo; positives to anti-tRNA were included in the current study. At six months, patients were classified as with or without ILD progression. A total of 39 patients were included (10 anti-Jo1, eight anti-PL7, 11 anti-PL12, and 10 anti-Ej). Three patients (7.6%) had ILD progression (progressors patients, PP) and showed statistically higher levels in IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-22, GM-CSF, IL-1&beta;, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and TNF-&alpha;, compared to patients without disease progression (no progressors patients, NPP). IL-17A, IL-1&beta;, and IL-6 (T-helper-lymphocyte (Th)17 inflammatory cytokine profile) were elevated and had a high discriminatory capacity in distinguishing ILD PP of those NPP at follow-up. Overall, there is an association between the cytokines of the Th17 inflammatory profile and the ASSD progression

Enhanced Activity of NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Lung of Patients with Anti-Synthetase Syndrome

Anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory interstitial lung disease (ILD). The main objective of this work was to quantify the concentrations of cytokines and molecules associated with inflammasome activation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with ASSD and a comparison group of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using the concentrated BAL protein. The activity of caspase-1 and concentration of NLRP3 with the protein purified from the cell pellet in each group of patients. We found higher caspase-1 levels in ASSD vs. SSc, 1.25 RFU vs. 0.75 RFU p = 0.003, and LDH levels at 0.15 OD vs. 0.09 OD p &lt; 0.001. A significant difference was observed in molecules associated with inflammasome activation, IL-18: 1.42 pg/mL vs. 0.87 pg/mL p = 0.02 and IFN-&gamma;: 0.9 pg/mL vs. 0.86 pg/mL, p = 0.01. A positive correlation was found between caspase-1 and LDH in the patients with ASSD Rho 0.58 (p = 0.008) but not in the SSc group. In patients with ASSD, greater caspase-1 and higher LDH activity were observed in BAL, suggesting cell death due to pyroptosis and activation of the inflammasome pathway

Enhanced Activity of NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Lung of Patients with Anti-Synthetase Syndrome

Anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory interstitial lung disease (ILD). The main objective of this work was to quantify the concentrations of cytokines and molecules associated with inflammasome activation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with ASSD and a comparison group of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using the concentrated BAL protein. The activity of caspase-1 and concentration of NLRP3 with the protein purified from the cell pellet in each group of patients. We found higher caspase-1 levels in ASSD vs. SSc, 1.25 RFU vs. 0.75 RFU p = 0.003, and LDH levels at 0.15 OD vs. 0.09 OD p p = 0.02 and IFN-γ: 0.9 pg/mL vs. 0.86 pg/mL, p = 0.01. A positive correlation was found between caspase-1 and LDH in the patients with ASSD Rho 0.58 (p = 0.008) but not in the SSc group. In patients with ASSD, greater caspase-1 and higher LDH activity were observed in BAL, suggesting cell death due to pyroptosis and activation of the inflammasome pathway