The effect of wave in-deck in conventional pushover analysis

Subsidence is not a local settlement and one of the phenomena that may be experiencing by the offshore platform throughout the platform life. Compaction of the reservoir can cause it due to pressure reduction resulted to vertical movement of soils from the reservoir to mudline. The impact of subsidence on platforms will lead to a gradually reduces wave crest to deck air gap (insufficient air gap) and causing the Wave-in-Deck (WID) on platform deck. The WID load can cause a major consequence damage to the deck structures and potential to the collapse of the entire platform. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of WID (with and without load) on structure response for fixed offshore structure. The usual run of pushover analysis only considering the base 100-years design crest height for the ultimate collapse. Thus, by calculating the wave height at collapse using a limit state equation for probabilistic model can give a significant result for WID. It is crucial to ensure that the Reserve Strength Ratio (RSR) is not overly estimated hence giving a false impression of the value. This study is performed in order to quantify the WID load effect on producing the new revised RSR. Finally, a parametric study on the probability of failure (POF) of the platform will be performed. As part of the analysis, the USFOS Software (Non-linear) and wave-in-deck calculation as suggested by ISO 19902 as practice in the industry are used in order to complete the study. It is expected that the new revised RSR with the inclusion of WID load will be lower hence increases the POF of the platform. The accuracy and effectiveness of this method will assist the industry, especially operators, for the purpose of decision-making and, ore specifically, for their outlining of action items as part of their business risk management

Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Yarn by Acid Treatment

Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn was functionalized using sulfuric and nitric acid solutions in 3:1 volumetric ratio. Successful functionalization of CNT yarn with carboxyl and hydroxyl groups (e.g., COOH, COO–, OH, etc.) was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction revealed no significant change to the atomic in-plane alignment in the CNTs; however, the coherent length along the diameter was significantly reduced during functionalization. A morphology change of wavy extensions protruding from the surface was observed after the functionalization treatment. The force required to fracture the yarn remained the same after the functionalization process; however, the linear density was increased (310%). The increase in linear density after functionalization reduced the tenacity. However, the resistivity density product of the CNT yarn was reduced significantly (234%) after functionalization

Automated Medical Tendering Management System (AMTMS) for medical suppliers in Jordan

In Jordan, the growth of hospitals and medical centers (public and private) has increased dramatically.As a result, the demand for quality medical equipments and supplies increased and require suppliers to act swiftly at all times. Therefore, there is a need to strategically develop a system to manage supplies for these institutions.The Automated Medical Tendering Management System (AMTMS) is implemented as a Web-based system to as this allows the systems to be accessed anytime and anywhere. Furthermore, it plays a major role for the administration of trade and E-commerce activities.This study aims to identify the user requirements and to develop a prototype and validate the functional requirements.The prototyping approach based on General Research Design Methodology was used to develop the tendering system prototype.This web-based system was constructed using C#, ADO, Java Script for logical code, ASP for creating webs pages, and Microsoft SQL Server for database. In additional, the prototype has been evaluated by employees working in this field using two sets of questionnaires (functionality and usability).The result of the evaluation shows positive feedback on the system

Experimental study of helical milling on CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced polymer) for the hole making process

Generate borehole by helical milling process may be used effectively since accurate location of the hole may be secured by means of the feed screw graduations. Fiber delamination which is the main defect occurred during hole making process on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) were investigate throughout an experimental study. Effects of thrust force (Fz), delamination factor (Fd) and surface roughness are evaluated. Objective of the experiment are to find best cutting parameter and tool design suitable to performed helical milling operation on CFRP. Two types of end mill with 4 flutes were used and results are evaluated. It was found that tool design 2-1 has higher performance on CFRP

Hole making process of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) using end mill cutting tool

This paper presents an alternative way of producing a hole by using a helical milling concept on a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Delamination is a major problem associated with making a hole by drilling on the CFRP. This study focused on helical milling technique using a vertical machining center in order to produce a hole. Various levels of cutting parameter such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut have been chosen to observe the effect of trust force, delamination and surface roughness. The result will be used to determine on which cutting parameters give the best hole quality that will achieved by this new approached

Thermal diffusivity measurement of gold alloys and superconducting ceramics using photoacoustic technique

Thermal diffusivity of gold alloys and superconducting ceramics was measured using photoacoustic techniques. All the measurements were carried out at room temperature. Thermal diffusivity of gold alloys was found to be a function of alloy composition. It decreases with the increase in concentration of the doping atoms for superconducting ceramic samples

Seasonal intercomparison of observational rainfall datasets over India during the southwest monsoon season

The Indian monsoon is an important component of Earth's climate system, accurate forecasting of its mean rainfall being essential for regional food and water security. Accurate measurement of the rainfall is essential for various water-related applications, the evaluation of numerical models and detection and attribution of trends, but a variety of different gridded rainfall datasets are available for these purposes. In this study, six gridded rainfall datasets are compared against the India Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded rainfall dataset, chosen as the most representative of the observed system due to its high gauge density. The datasets comprise those based solely on rain gauge observations and those merging rain gauge data with satellite-derived products. Various skill scores and subjective comparisons are carried out for the Indian region during the south-west monsoon season (June to September). Relative biases and skill metrics are documented at all-India and sub-regional scales. In the gauge-based (land-only) category, Asian Precipitation-Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of water resources (APHRODITE) and Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) datasets perform better relative to the others in terms of a variety of skill metrics. In the merged category, the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) dataset is shown to perform better than the Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) for the Indian monsoon in terms of various metrics, when compared with the IMD gridded data. Most of the datasets have difficulty in representing rainfall over orographic regions including the Western Ghats mountains, in north-east India and the Himalayan foothills. The wide range of skill scores seen among the datasets and even the change of sign of bias found in some years are causes of concern. This uncertainty between datasets is largest in north-east India. These results will help those studying the Indian monsoon region to select an appropriate dataset depending on their application and focus of research