Phenotypic Characterization of the Arabidopsis ufm1 (Ubiquitin Fold Modifier) Gene Involved in Seed Development

Background and Objective: With the completion of the Arabidopsis genome sequencing, the next challenge is the determination ofgene function. Post-translational modifications of proteins by small polypeptide are implicated in plant growth and development.Ubiquitin fold modifier 1 is a member of the ubiquitin like protein family. While, the enzymatic conjugation cascade of ubiquitin foldmodifier 1 has been elucidated in recent years, its biological role is still unknown. The present study focuses in elucidate the role of theufm1 in plants development. Materials and Methods: The researchers performed analyses of the development of wild-type Columbiaplants and mutants of the ubiquitin fold modifier 1 gene to identify and interpret phenotypic changes in plants and seeds. Data werestatistically analyzed with the Info Stat software. Results: In this study, evidence suggesting that ubiquitin fold modifier 1 is involved inthe normal development of the seeds. Conclusion: The ufm1 gene would affect the normal development of the seed, particularly of theembryo, causing high percentage of seed abortion.Fil: Cornejo, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Masuelli, Ricardo Williams. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Apigenin induces apoptosis and impairs head and neck carcinomas EGFR/ErbB2 signaling

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Hydrodynamic properties of whole arabic gum

The most economically important of the hydrodynamic properties of a material are viscosity and density, which allow determining the intrinsic viscosity of raw materials used in the food industry. They serve as an indirect measure of molecular weight (M), hydrodynamic radius (RH), number of Simha, (ν(P)), Perrin parameter (P); hydration value (δ), Scheraga-Mandelkern parameter (β), and Flory parameters (0 and P0). Normally, these parameters are reported at a temperature of 25ºC, which limits their use at different temperatures. This work studies the temperature-dependence of whole arabic gum (WAG) in aqueous solution, finding that in aqueous solution, this biopolymer presents a random coil shape with ν(p) ≈ 2.55. The behavior of WAG in this system indicates that it behaves as a colloidal particle that tends to compact as temperature increases (RH decrease). The M of WAG calculated here are 760000 g/mol. The Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equation constants, a and k, for WAG in water solvent-temperature systems have been reported already, where the value of a ranges from 0.5496 to 0.5085 within a temperature range of 20 to 50°C.Fil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Catedra de Quimica Fisica; Argentin

Study of Bovine Serum Albumin Solubility in Aqueous Solutions by Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements

The behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in water is scarcely studied, and the thermodynamic properties arising from the experimental measurements have not been reported. Intrinsic viscosity measurements are very useful in assessing the interaction between the solute and solvent. This work discussed in a simple determination of the enthalpy of BSA in aqueous solution when the concentration ranges from 0.2 to 36.71% wt. and the temperature from 35 to 40ºC. The relationship between the concentration and intrinsic viscosity is determined according to the method of Huggins. The temperature increase reduces the ratio between inherent viscosity and concentration (/). This is reflected in the Van't Hoff curve. Furthermore, this work proposes hydrodynamic cohesion value as an indicator of the degree of affinity of protein with water and thermodynamic implications in conformational changes.Fil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Departamento de Qui­mica; Argentin

Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect

The study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [η] measurements at different temperatures. Molecular weight (Mv) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. The Mark-Houwink parameters indicate the dependence with temperature (T) in the range from 20 to 50ºC, ie with increasing T a increases and kM-H decreases. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa.Fil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Departamento de Quimica; Argentin

Mark-Houwink Parameters for Aqueous-Soluble Polymers and Biopolymers at Various Temperatures

The intrinsic viscosity measurements used to calculate the Mark-Houwink (M-H) parameters are generally performed for different molecular weights at a constant temperature, with the standard value of this temperature being 25°C, or else 37°C in the case of mammalian proteins, or else under theta conditions for polymers and biopolymers. In the polymer industry, polysaccharides and proteins must circulate through pipes during transport processes where pumps have a very high-energy expenditure and where temperatures must be greatly increased, and at this point calculation of the Mark-Houwink parameters becomes important. The M-H parameters are calculated at standardized temperatures and in many cases, these are not useful because of the errors they carry, and it then becomes very difficult to calculate the molecular weight. It is therefore necessary to know the change in molecular weight as evidence of a change in the product obtained, as this may create a need to halt the production process, transport, or extrusion. The basic criterion is that the molecular weight does not change with temperature, or at least within one discrete range of temperatures, but that there is hydrodynamic change (intrinsic viscosity). The method is simple and requires iterative mathematical processing and measurement of intrinsic viscosity at different temperatures. Keywords: intrinsicFil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentin

Intrinsic Viscosity Determination of High Molecular Weight Biopolymers by Different Plot Methods. Chia Gum Case

The chia (Salvia hispanica) generates an abundant and viscous mucilage, this is purified with periods of heating-cooling and finally precipitated with ethanol, obtaining chia gum, CG. In this work the intrinsic viscosity is determined by different methods being Huggins taken as standard. The different methods are compared and evaluated with their respective percentage relative errors. By means of intrinsic viscosity is determined the molecular weight with a value of 3846000g/mol. This polysaccharide acquires a rod-like conformation with an "a" value, Mark-Houwink parameter, of 0.803 according to Int. J. Biological Macromol. 81 (2015) 991-999. This macromolecule is very promising and has a potential in several industrial applications such as film forming, gel, thickener, and coemulsifier.Fil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

Evaluation of genotypic homogeneity in olive nurseries using molecular markers

La difusión de variedades tradicionales de olivo (Olea europea L.) y la obtención de nuevas variantes fenotípicas han generado confusión en la correcta identificación y denominación de algunas de las aprox. 2 000 variedades conocidas a nivel mundial. En la Argentina, en los últimos años se ha triplicado la superficie implantada con olivo principalmente a partir de plantas de viveros locales e importadas. Con el fin de evaluar la homogeneidad genotípica del material comercializado en Mendoza, se probaron 7 marcadores RAPD altamente reproducibles en muestras de 5 viveros, correspondientes a 5 variedades de olivo. Los marcadores RAPD fueron previamente desarrollados para caracterizar las variedades del INTA Junín. Arbequina y Arauco fueron los materiales más homogéneos. En ambas variedades, todos los individuos compartieron el 100 % de los marcadores utilizados. Los lotes de muestras de Empeltre, Farga y Aloreña no fueron genotípicamente homogéneos, observándose 2-3 patrones diferentes por lote. Todas las variedades ensayadas -en alguna de sus muestras- tuvieron diferencias con su respectiva variedad del INTA Junín. Arbequina y Arauco también compartieron el 100 % de marcadores entre sí, no pudiéndose separar ambos grupos.Approx. 2 000 olive (Olea europea L.) varieties are known in the world. Due to the commerce, promotion of old varieties and the development of new phenotypic variants, a situation of uncertainty exists regarding the correct identification and denomination of some cultivars. In the last years the Argentine olive-cultivated area has been triple folded. Most of the plant materials came from local nurseries and some from importation. In order to test the genotypic homogeneity of the materials commercialized by the local nurseries, plant samples from 5 of them were tested using 7 reproducible RAPD markers. These markers were previously developed for characterizing cultivars from the germplasm bank of INTA Junín. Only samples from cultivars Arbequina and Arauco showed complete homogeneity regarding the markers assayed. Samples from cultivars Empeltre, Farga and Aloreña were not genotypically homogeneous, showing from 2 to 3 different RAPD patterns per lot of samples. All the varieties tested from the nurseries, showed differences with their respective varieties from INTA Junín, for at least 1 of the samples. Arbequina and Arauco also shared 100 % of the markers between them. Therefore it was not possible to distinguish one from the other by the use of these markers.Fil: Cavagnaro, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ciencias BiológicasFil: Masuelli, Ricardo W.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ciencias Biológica

Optimization of RAPD analysis for identification of olive varieties

Entre las técnicas moleculares, RAPD-PCR es una de las más rápidas y operativamente simple para la caracterización de cultivares. Sin embargo, la confiabilidad de sus resultados radica, en gran parte, en la optimización previa de variables que pueden afectar los patrones de amplificación. Se investigó la repetibilidad de patrones RAPD de olivo bajo diferentes condiciones experimentales. Entre ellas, la pureza del ADN, el tipo de Taq ADN-polimerasa, las concentraciones de Mg+2 y dNTPs, el uso de tejidos atacados por patógenos y el uso de diferentes termocicladores, modificaron los patrones de bandas. Por el contrario, pequeñas modificaciones de la temperatura de apareamiento de cebadores, la concentración del ADN molde y la edad de los tejidos vegetales de los cuales se aisló ADN, no afectaron los patrones amplificados.RAPD-PCR, although a relatively fast and simple technique for cultivar characterization, is influenced by several parameters that need to be optimized prior using it as a routine identification methodology. The repeatability of olive RAPD patterns was investigated under different PCR conditions. Among the conditions tested the quality of the DNA, the Taq DNA polymerase source, changes in Mg2+ and dNTPs concentration, pathogen infestation of olive tissues and different thermocyclers could alter the RAPD patterns. In contrast, small changes in the temperature of annealing, the DNA concentration and the age of tissues from which DNA is isolated did not affect the amplification patterns.Fil: Cavagnaro, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ciencias BiológicasFil: Masuelli, Ricardo W.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ciencias Biológica