Kualitas Papan Komposit yang Terbuat dari Limbah Kayu Sengon dan Karton Daur Ulang

The use of recycled carton as an alternative material for the layer of composite board may increase the board strength properties. The objective of this research was to find out the influence of face and back layer types on the quality of produced boards. Materials used in this study were wafer made from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), water based polymer isocyanate adhesive, and several kinds of cartons such as duplex carton, recycled carton, and waste of corrugated board. The composite board was produced with the target density of 0.65 g/cm3 and the resin solid content of 6% based on oven dry weight of particle, face and back layers. The results are as follows : 1) Utilization of carton layers improved the dimensional stability and bending strength of board; 2) Composite board with recycled carton layer fullfilled the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A-5908-1994 for wafer board type in terms of density, water content, and modulus of rupture (MOR) in lengthwise and widhtwise of board but, did not fullfill that for veneered particled board type; 3) The presence of those layer material types decreased internal bond of the board. Keywords : composite board, face and back layer types, recyled carto

Pengaruh Komposisi Arah Lapisan Terhadap Sifat Papan Bambu Komposit

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi arah lapisan terhadap sifat papan bambu komposit (PBK). Jenis bambu yang digunakan adalah bambu andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) berumur sekitar 4 tahun yang diperoleh dari tanaman rakyat di Jawa Barat. Bilah bambu andong yang digunakan untuk membuat PBK diberi perlakuan pendahuluan dengan jalan direndam dalam larutan boron 7% selama 2 jam. Produk PBK 5 lapis dibuat dengan 4 macam variasi komposisi arah lapisan. Bambu lamina dibuat dengan menggunakan perekat isosianat water based polymer-isocyanate (WBPI) dengan berat labur perekat 250 g/m2 permukaan, dikempa dingin dengan lama pengempaan 45 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal, dan pengembangan lebar PBK berturut-turut adalah 0,79g/cm3, 12,60%, 2,38%, dan 1,13%. Kualitas perekatan PBK yang dibuat dengan perekat isosianat (WBPI) cukup baik yang ditunjukkan oleh tidak terjadinya delaminasi pada semua contoh uji untuk pengujian delaminasi. Keteguhan rekat rata-rata (uji kering) PBK yang dibuat dari bambu andong dengan perekat isosianat adalah 70,4 kg/cm2. Sifat fisis dan mekanis PBK sangat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi arah lapisan penyusun PBK. Sifat mekanis PBK menurun dengan meningkatnya jumlah lapisan silang dalam komposisi lapisan penyusun PBK. Sebaliknya keberadaan lapisan silang dalam komposisi lapisan penyusun PBK meningkatkan kestabilan dimensi PBK yang dihasilkan

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BINDERLESS PARTICLEBOARD MADE FROM CANDLENUT WOOD IN VARIOUS OXIDATOR LEVELS

The purpose of this study was to determine optimal oxidator level in manufacture of binderless particleboard (BP) using oxidation treatment. The raw material used was candlenut wood particles (Aleurites moluccana) which pass 10 mesh in size. The air dried particles were oxidized with four levels of hydrogen peroxide, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (based on particle dry-weight), and two levels of ferrous sulphate namely 5% and 7.5% (based on ferrous sulphate weight). The board which manufactured were 30 cm x 30 cm x 0.7 cm in size with a target density of 0.75 g cm-3. The tests were carried out based on JIS A 5908 2003. The results showed that increasing of hydrogen peroxide levels produce BP with dimensional stability and mechanical properties which getting better. Nevertheless, increasing of ferrous sulphate level did not produce any significant improvement of physical and mechanical properties of BP. The best performance of produced board is particleboard that manufacture using 20% hydrogen peroxide and 7.5% ferrous sulphate. Dimensional stability and mechanical properties of BP were fulfilled JIS A 5908 2003

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BINDERLESS PARTICLEBOARD MADE FROM CANDLENUT WOOD IN VARIOUS OXIDATOR LEVELS

The purpose of this study was to determine optimal oxidator level in manufacture of binderless particleboard (BP) using oxidation treatment. The raw material used was candlenut wood particles (Aleurites moluccana) which pass 10 mesh in size. The air dried particles were oxidized with four levels of hydrogen peroxide, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (based on particle dry-weight), and two levels of ferrous sulphate namely 5% and 7.5% (based on ferrous sulphate weight). The board which manufactured were 30 cm x 30 cm x 0.7 cm in size with a target density of 0.75 g cm-3. The tests were carried out based on JIS A 5908 2003. The results showed that increasing of hydrogen peroxide levels produce BP with dimensional stability and mechanical properties which getting better. Nevertheless, increasing of ferrous sulphate level did not produce any significant improvement of physical and mechanical properties of BP. The best performance of produced board is particleboard that manufacture using 20% hydrogen peroxide and 7.5% ferrous sulphate. Dimensional stability and mechanical properties of BP were fulfilled JIS A 5908 2003

Utilization of Oil Palm Wastes and Recycled Plastic as Raw Materials for Wood-Plastic Composites

This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites made from recycled propypropylene (RPP) and oil palm biomass wastes under various particle sizes and pressing temperatures. Oil-palm biomass wastes (ie., oil palm trunk(OPT) was used as filler. The OPT was produced in 3groups (i.e., passed from 20, 40,and 60 meshes filtered). The RPP and OPT or EFB ratio were 7:3. Maleic anhydride (MAH) and benzoil peroxyde (BPO) were used as a modifier and an inisiator in amount of 5% based on RPP and MAH weight, respectively. The hand-mixtures of RPP and OPT or EFB with or without MAH and BPO were subjected to hot-press at 180 ⁰C and 190 ⁰C for 10 min at 15 kgf cm-2 pressure. The results indicated particle sizes, MAH and BPO and pressure of temperature were influences of physical and mechanical properties of WPC from OPT. Samples WPC with MAH and BPO have a highest value than samples without MAH and BPO. Testing was done according to standard JIS A 5908-2003. Preliminary research results shown that particle from palm oil trunk with additive content shown the best physical and mechanical properties compared to the others

The Quality of Zephyr Board Made From Oil Palm Brunch (Eleais Guenensis Jacq.)

The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical, mechanical and durability properties of zephyr board made from oil palm petiole. Urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (PF) and isocyanate (IC) resins were used to bind zephyrs. Board size produced was (300x300x12) mm3, and target density of zephyr board was set at 0.80 g cm-3. The temperature and pressure of hot pressing were set at 120 °C and 25 kg cm-2 for 20 min. The result showed that physical and mechanical properties of zephyr board fulfilled JIS A 5908-2003. All board density in this experiment did not reach the density target. The moisture content of zephyr board bonded with IC resin was the lowest compared to zephyr board bonded with UF and PF resins. Over all the mechanical properties of zephyr board bonded with UF resin showed the best result in term of modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB), and screw resistant (SR) parameters compared with zephyr board bonded with PF and Isocyanate resins. Zephyr board was classified into I-II class for strength class and I-IV class for resistance against dry and subterranean termites, attack respectively

Hydrogen Peroxide and Ferrous Sulphate Activated Wood Particles for Binderless Particleboard

A series of study have been conducted to analyze the effect of pretreatments and particle sizes on physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard (BP). The BP made of particles from sengon wood (Paraseranthes falcataria L Nielsen) and pine wood (Pinus merkusii Jungh et. de. Vriese) which passed through 10 mesh sieve, were used to analyze the effect of particle pretreatments. The pretreatments were: immersion in boiling water for 30 minutes; the immersion in boiling water followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate; and oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate without immersion in boiling water. The results showed that the best phisycal and mechanical properties was found in board made from sengon wood particle with oxidation using hydrogen peroxide without immersion in boiling water; It had the internal bond (IB) of 6.95 kgf cm-2 and the thickness swelling (TS) of 5.74%. In the next step, the sengon wood with several particles sizes namely; passed through 20 mesh, 10 mesh, 5 mesh, 2.5 mesh, and shaving were used to produced BP. The results indicated that the MOR decreases when the particle size increases, while the IB, MOE, and TS were relatively similar for all particle sizes