Optical (VRI) Photometry in the Field of the Galaxy Cluster AC 118 at z=0.31

We present new photometric V-, R- and I-band data for the rich galaxy cluster AC 118 at z=0.31. The new photometry covers an area of 8.6x8.6 arcmin$^2$, corresponding to 2.9$\times$2.9 Mpc$^2$ (H$_0=50$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$, q$_0=0.5$ and $\Lambda = 0$). The data have been collected for a project aimed at studying galaxy evolution through the color-magnitude relation and the fundamental plane. We provide a catalogue including all the sources (N = 1206) detected in the cluster field. The galaxy sample is complete to V=22.8 mag (N_gal=574), R=22.3 mag (N_gal=649) and I=20.8 mag (N_gal=419). We give aperture magnitudes within a fixed aperture of 4.4 arcsec and Kron magnitudes. We also give photometric redshifts for 459 sources for which additional U- and K-band photometry is available. We derive and discuss the V- and R-band luminosity functions. The catalogue, which is distributed in electronic form, is intended as a tool for studies in galaxy evolution.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, A&A in pres

Optimal tuning of a thermo-chemical equilibrium model for downdraft biomass gasifiers

A thermo-chemical equilibrium model is applied to predict the released syngas composition, char, tar content and temperature in biomass gasifiers. The accuracy of the model results is improved by proper calibration, namely by modifying the equilibrium constants through correction factors that represent the degree of approach of the analyzed system to equilibrium. To this aim, the developed model is coupled with a genetic algorithm (Moga II), to search for the optimal correction factors able to minimize the error between the computed and the experimentally measured product yields and temperatures. The approach is repeated to simulate the thermal treatment of different biomasses with increasing carbon content, from straw to sawdust. The possibility to resort to a unique set of correction factors for different biomasses is explored, that would allow the model being of particular interest for engineering applications, to trace the design guidelines for gasification systems

Dust Absorption and the Cosmic UV Flux Density

We study the evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity density as a function of redshift in the Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N). We estimate the amount of energy absorbed by dust and hidden from optical observations by analyzing the HDF-N photometric data with the spectral energy distribution fitting method. According to our results, at redshifts 1 < z < 4.5, the global energy observed in the UV rest-frame at lambda=1500 A corresponds to only 7-11% of the stellar energy output, the rest of it being absorbed by dust and re-emitted in the far-IR. Our estimates of the comoving star formation rate density in the universe from the extinction-corrected UV emission are consistent with the recent results obtained with Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) at faint sub-millimeter flux levels.Comment: 14 pages, 3 encapsulated postscript figures, LateX, accepted for publication in ApJ

The potential role of 'non-rheumatic’ therapies in rheumatic disease

The relationship between inflammation and insulin resistance is complex and not fully understood. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, which is known to be associated with insulin resistance. In the previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy, Ormseth and colleagues report the results of an 8-week trial of pioglitazone, an agent commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, upon the DAS-28 (disease activity score using 28 joint counts). Modest improvements in the DAS-28 CRP (DAS-28 C-reactive protein) were shown, with no effect on DAS-28 ESR (DAS-28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Other variables that improved with pioglitazone were the CRP, IL-6, and patient-reported assessment of global health. The authors discuss the contribution of insulin resistance to the inflammation noted in rheumatoid arthritis

Universal charge transport of the Mn oxides in the high temperature limit

We have found that various Mn oxides have the universal resistivity and thermopower in the high temperature limit. The resistivities and thermopowers of all the samples go toward constant values of 7$\pm$1 m$\Omega$cm and $-79\pm$3 $\mu$V/K, which are independent of carrier density and crystal structures. We propose that the electric conduction occurs in a highly localized way in the high temperature limit, where the exchange of entropy and charge occurs in the neighboring Mn$^{3+}$ and Mn$^{4+}$ ions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figures, to be published in J. Appl. Phy