Lipid oxidation and fatty acid profile related to broiler breast meat color abnormalities

The aim of this work was to study the influence of lipid oxidation on broiler breast meat (Pectoralis major m) color abnormalities. There were 27.0 % more lipid oxidation in PSE in relation to normal meat and 41.0 % more in relation to DFD-like meat (p<0.05). The fatty acid profile was also significantly different since the arachidonic acid (AA) fraction increased 38.6 and 70.5 % in PSE meat comparing to normal and DFD-like meats, respectively. The ratio PUFA/SFA changed in these three types of meat: 0.736, 0.713 and 0.694 for PSE, normal and DFD-like meat respectively, reflecting the highest production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the PSE meat samples. Results indicated that phospholipase A2 enzyme activities played a relevant role towards the development of PSE-meat syndrome in a cascade of biochemical reactions promoting the formation of free radicals from AA, which ultimately damaged the muscle membrane systems.A influência da oxidação lipídica no surgimento das anormalidades das cores do filé do peito de frango (Pectoralis major) foi avaliado. A oxidação lipídica foi 27 % maior em carnes PSE em relação ao normal e 41,0% em relação ao análogo DFD (p< 0.05). O perfil dos ácidos graxos foi também significantemente diferente desde que a fração do ácido araquidônico (AA) aumentou 38,6% e 70,5% em carnes PSE em comparação às carnes normais e análogas ao DFD, respectivamente. A razão PUFA/SFA se alterou nos três tipos de carne, 0,736, 0,713 e 0,694 para carnes PSE, normal e análogo ao DFD, respectivamente, refletindo a maior produção dos ácidos graxos polinsaturados em amostras PSE. Esses resultados corroboram os nossos anteriores, indicando que a atividade da enzima fosfolipase A2 tem um papel relevante no desenvolvimento da síndrome do PSE em uma cascata de reações bioquímicas promovendo a formação dos compostos radicais livres do AA que finalmente compromete os sistemas das membranas celulares do músculo.CNPqFundação AraucáriaCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Uso de regressão linear para estimar parâmetros físico-químicos relacionados à qualidade do jerked beef

Jerked beef is officially defined as salted, cured and dried beef. Water activity (Aw), moisture, ash and residual nitrite are the physicochemical parameters that define this product identity and quality standards. In this work, the behavior of these parameters during jerked beef processing was evaluated and a significant correlation among them was revealed. These results allowed the establishment of statistical equations that enable the estimation of all the physicochemical parameters from the results obtained in the measurement of just one of them.O jerked beef é oficialmente descrito como carne bovina salgada, curada e dessecada. Os parâmetros físico-químicos utilizados na determinação do seu padrão oficial de identidade e qualidade são a atividade de água e os teores de umidade, matéria mineral (ou cinzas) e nitrito residual. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a evolução desses parâmetros durante o processamento do produto. Verificou-se haver uma correlação significativa entre eles, o que permitiu estabelecer equações estatísticas, que possibilitam estimar todos esses parâmetros através da aferição de apenas um deles

Safety and Quality in the Agricultural Product Chain in Brazil

An agriculture-intensive country should be aware of natural toxins, including both mycotoxins and cyanotoxins, which are closely associated with the quality of raw materials, for food safety and industry. The major production chains – corn, wheat, beef, and broiler chicken – are the top components of agribusiness, and they should be tracked by reliable and practical tools. The corn chain is of particular concern in food production; intensive controls, multi-year mycotoxin monitoring, and improved harmless/sustainable management methods for uninterrupted farming in the tropic-subtropics are needed to achieve a long-lasting trend. The rapid control of natural toxins (mycotoxin and cyanotoxin) has focused on immunochemical methods developed with highly specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) matched with chromatographic methods. In parallel, the promising widespread application of non-destructive analytical methods based on NIR (Near Infrared Reflectance) spectroscopy, computer vision and hyperspectral imaging coupled with multivariate analyses have been introduced as an alternative for the prediction of quality and compositional parameters. Rapid quality control and product traceability are discussed, as well as accurate monitoring, which is essential for potentially launching an innovative system for food production in Brazil

Effect of salt on color and warmed over flavor in charqui meat processing

A combination of salt (NaCl) high concentration and curing salt was investigated for their role in warmed-over flavor (WOF) and color changes during charqui meats processing. WOF was measured by TBARS method in uncured charqui meat (CH) and in cured charqui known in Brazil as Jerked beef (JB). WOF occurred substantially in CH and sodium nitrite was able to inhibit 40-45% (p<0.05) in JB samples stored for 30 days. Color parameters also changed as evaluated by CIELAB system. The a*/b* ratio showed that CH samples presented brown color indicating the formation of metmyoglobin (Fe3+) whilst JB samples presented deep red color an indication of nitrosylmyoglobin (Fe2+) formation. Under cooking, a*/b* ratio indicated the presence of denatured metmyoglobin (Fe3+) in CH and formation of nitrosylmyochromogen (Fe2+) in JB samples. The actual iron state influenced the color of charqui meat and apparently nitrite was able to chelate Fe ions, thus inhibiting development of WOF

Electrical Water Bath Stunning of Broilers: Effects on Breast Meat Quality

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of electrical water bath stunning treatments (pulsed direct current) on stress conditions of poultry meat. This was carried out by evaluating meat quality measured through the incidence of PSE (pale, soft, exudative) in broiler breast fillet meat. We applied the randomized factorial design 22 with three replications at the central point, with independent variables, including voltage (40, 80, 120 V) and electrical frequency (100, 400, 700 Hz). The response functions under study were pH, L*, a*, b*, WHC and incidence of PSE meat. Samples presenting with pH of ≤5.80 and L* of ≥53.0 were classified as PSE whereas those with 5.80&lt;pH&lt;6.00 and 44.0&lt;L*&lt;53.0 were considered normal. The fillets taken from birds without stunning presented 54.14% of PSE meat samples, which decreased to 25.0% with stunning. The response functions L* and incidence of PSE showed regression (P≤0.05) with good adjustment of experimental data to the proposed model. The lowest incidence of PSE meat was observed when voltage and frequency were at their highest levels. In poultry slaughter, the applied electric stunning voltage of 120 V with a frequency of 700 Hz was determined to be the most effective for inhibition of PSE development