245 research outputs found
Lysosomal enzymes in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: time course and evidence of the source.
The role of prolactin in autoimmune demyelination: suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by bromocriptine.
Immunosuppressive activity of 13-cis retinoic acid and prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats.
Active and passively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in common marmosets: a new model for multiple sclerosis.
Inhibition of Immune Synapse by Altered Dendritic Cell Actin Distribution: A New Pathway of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immune Regulation
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Neurology and the COVID-19 emergency
Following the COVID-19 outbreak, significant changes have
been implemented on a national level in the organization of
neurology units and associated stroke units. Regionallydesignated COVID-19 hospitals have implemented an aggressive policy to relocate as many beds as possible to COVID-19
patients. In order to do so, the preferred strategy has been to
reduce the number of beds in neurology units, and in some
cases several units have been consolidated into one. In other
cases, particularly in the northern regions
Safety and efficacy of opicinumab in acute optic neuritis (RENEW): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Efficacy and Safety of Extracranial Vein Angioplasty in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Central vein sign differentiates Multiple Sclerosis from central nervous system inflammatory vasculopathies.
In multiple sclerosis (MS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive tool for detecting white matter lesions, but its diagnostic specificity is still suboptimal; ambiguous cases are frequent in clinical practice. Detection of perivenular lesions in the brain (the "central vein sign") improves the pathological specificity of MS diagnosis, but comprehensive evaluation of this MRI biomarker in MS-mimicking inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases, such as central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory vasculopathies, is lacking. In a multicenter study, we assessed the frequency of perivenular lesions in MS versus systemic autoimmune diseases with CNS involvement and primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS).
In 31 patients with inflammatory CNS vasculopathies and 52 with relapsing-remitting MS, 3-dimensional T2*-weighted and T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were obtained during a single MRI acquisition after gadolinium injection. For each lesion, the central vein sign was evaluated according to consensus guidelines. For each patient, lesion count, volume, and brain location, as well as fulfillment of dissemination in space MRI criteria, were assessed.
MS showed higher frequency of perivenular lesions (median = 88%) than did inflammatory CNS vasculopathies (14%), without overlap between groups or differences between 3T and 1.5T MRI. Among inflammatory vasculopathies, Behçet disease showed the highest median frequency of perivenular lesions (34%), followed by PACNS (14%), antiphospholipid syndromes (12%), Sjögren syndrome (11%), and systemic lupus erythematosus (0%). When a threshold of 50% perivenular lesions was applied, central vein sign discriminated MS from inflammatory vasculopathies with a diagnostic accuracy of 100%.
The central vein sign differentiates inflammatory CNS vasculopathies from MS at standard clinical magnetic field strengths. Ann Neurol 2018;83:283-294
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