THRESHOLD EFFECTS OF REAL INTEREST RATE ON INVESTMENT OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN IRAN: TESTING STIEGLITZ'S THEORY

In this paper, Stieglitz’s theory regarding the threshold effects of real interest rate on investment of Iran's private sector during 1973-2008 is experimentally examined. The study showed that although the real interest rate directly affects on private investment in Iran, an increase of more than 2 percent in the real interest rate will reduce the private sector's investment. In other words, Stieglitz’s argument about a one-threshold level (close to zero) of the real interest rate is confirmed in Iran. Paying attention to the rate of inflation and threshold limit of influence of interest rate on monetary policies is considered the most important proposals of the present researchPrivate sector's investment, Real interest rate, Threshold effects

On the Relationship between Stock Returns and Trading Volume: A Case Study

This article focuses on the experiment about the causality relationship between the stock returns and the trading volume of the member companies at Tehran Stock Market. Accordingly, the seasonal data from these companies within the years 1996 to 2009 are used to estimate the vector error correction model. The results obtained from the Philips–Perron Unit Root Test demonstrated that the above mentioned variables are integrated of the order one and thus there is a long run equilibrium relationship between them. The estimation from the error correction model proved that there is a positive and bidirectional relationship between these variables. However the stock returns has a stronger effect on the trading volume. Therefore, through a psychological analysis, the "Mass Behavior" hypothesis in the said stock market is not approved. Moreover, the estimation of the error correction coefficient indicated that balancing the said variables towards the long run equilibrium volumes, is slow

On the Relationship between Stock Returns and Trading Volume: A Case Study

This article focuses on the experiment about the causality relationship between the stock returns and the trading volume of the member companies at Tehran Stock Market. Accordingly, the seasonal data from these companies within the years 1996 to 2009 are used to estimate the vector error correction model. The results obtained from the Philips–Perron Unit Root Test demonstrated that the above mentioned variables are integrated of the order one and thus there is a long run equilibrium relationship between them. The estimation from the error correction model proved that there is a positive and bidirectional relationship between these variables. However the stock returns has a stronger effect on the trading volume. Therefore, through a psychological analysis, the "Mass Behavior" hypothesis in the said stock market is not approved. Moreover, the estimation of the error correction coefficient indicated that balancing the said variables towards the long run equilibrium volumes, is slow

A prospective study of the relationships between movement and glycemic control during day and night in pregnancy

Both disturbed sleep and lack of exercise can disrupt metabolism in pregnancy. Accelerometery was used to objectively assess movement during waking (physical activity) and movement during sleeping (sleep disturbance) periods and evaluated relationships with continuous blood glucose variation during pregnancy. Data was analysed prospectively. 15-women without pre-existing diabetes mellitus wore continuous glucose monitors and triaxial accelerometers from February through June 2018 in Sweden. The relationships between physical activity and sleep disturbance with blood glucose rate of change were assessed. An interaction term was fitted to determine difference in the relationship between movement and glucose variation, conditional on waking/sleeping. Total movement was inversely related to glucose rate of change (p < 0.001, 95% CI (− 0.037, − 0.026)). Stratified analyses showed total physical activity was inversely related to glucose rate of change (p < 0.001, 95% CI (− 0.040, − 0.028)), whereas sleep disturbance was not related to glucose rate of change (p = 0.07, 95% CI (< − 0.001, 0.013)). The interaction term was positively related to glucose rate of change (p < 0.001, 95% CI (0.029, 0.047)). This study provides temporal evidence of a relationship between total movement and glycemic control in pregnancy, which is conditional on time of day. Movement is beneficially related with glycemic control while awake, but not during sleep