Development of Track Condition Monitoring System Using Onboard Sensing Device

Monitoring the conditions of railway tracks is essential for ensuring the railway safety. In-service vehicles equipped with sensors and GPS systems can act as probes to detect and analyse real-time vehicle vibration. Recently, a compact on-board sensing device has been developed. This chapter describes the track condition monitoring system that uses a compact on-board sensing device and diagnosis software. The diagnosis software provides the function of detecting track faults using the root mean square (RMS) of the car-body acceleration. It also allows analysis in the time-frequency domain using wavelet transform. A monitoring experiment in a local railway line showed that the system is effective for practical application

Supersymmetric Bianchi class A models

The canonical theory of $N=1$ supergravity is applied to Bianchi class A spatially homogeneous cosmologies. The full set of quantum constraints are then solved with the possible ordering ambiguity taken into account by introducing a free parameter. The wave functions are explicitly given for all the Bianchi class A models in a unified way. Some comments are made on the Bianchi type IX cases.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, TIT/HEP-221/COSMO-3

The role of Killing-Yano tensors in supersymmetric mechanics on a curved manifold

The supersymmetric extension of charged point particle's motion is applied to investigate symmetries of gravitational fields and electromagnetic fields. We mainly focus on the role of the Killing- Yano tensors of both usual and generalized types. Results obtained by systematic analysis strengthen the connection of the Killing- Yano tensor and superinvariants (functions commuting with the supercharge).Comment: 15 pages, ReVTeX, 1 figur

Behavior-level Analysis of a Successive Stochastic Approximation Analog-to-Digital Conversion System for Multi-channel Biomedical Data Acquisition

In the present paper, we propose a novel high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for low-power biomedical analog frontends, which we call the successive stochastic approximation ADC. The proposed ADC uses a stochastic flash ADC (SF-ADC) to realize a digitally controlled variable-threshold comparator in a successive-approximationregister ADC (SAR-ADC), which can correct errors originating from the internal digital-to-analog converter in the SAR-ADC. For the residual error after SAR-ADC operation, which can be smaller than thermal noise, the SF-ADC uses the statistical characteristics of noise to achieve high resolution. The SF-ADC output for the residual signal is combined with the SAR-ADC output to obtain high-precision output data using the supervised machine learning method

Gamma rays from a reverse shock with turbulent magnetic fields in GRB 180720B

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most electromagnetically luminous cosmic explosions. They are powered by collimated streams of plasma (jets) ejected by a newborn stellar-mass black hole or neutron star at relativistic velocities (near the speed of light). Their short-lived (typically tens of seconds) prompt $\gamma$-ray emission from within the ejecta is followed by long-lived multi-wavelength afterglow emission from the ultra-relativistic forward shock. This shock is driven into the circumburst medium by the GRB ejecta that are in turn decelerated by a mildly-relativistic reverse shock. Forward shock emission was recently detected up to teraelectronvolt-energy $\gamma$-rays, and such very-high-energy emission was also predicted from the reverse shock. Here we report the detection of optical and gigaelectronvolt-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from GRB 180720B during the first few hundred seconds, which is explained by synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission from the reverse shock propagating into the ejecta, implying a low-magnetization ejecta. Our optical measurements show a clear transition from the reverse shock to the forward shock driven into the circumburst medium, accompanied by a 90-degree change in the mean polarization angle and fluctuations in the polarization degree and angle. This indicates turbulence with large-scale toroidal and radially-stretched magnetic field structures in the reverse and forward shocks, respectively, which tightly couple to the physics of relativistic shocks and GRB jets -- launching, composition, dissipation and particle acceleration.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures (main) plus Methods and Supplementary Methods, accepted for publicatio

イガン サイハツゴ ノ テイアルブミン ケッショウ ト ナンジセイ オウト ニ ハロペリドール ガ ユウコウ デアッタ イチショウレイ

The patient was an 83-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer on February 25, 201X. S‐1 and UFT were performed, but metastatic liver cancer was seen on a CT scan on September 2. S‐1 was restarted on October 2６ but discontinued on January 18, 201X＋1 and best supportive care was adopted. She was hospitalized on April 15 for loss of appetite and anasarca. The patient had intractable vomiting and treatment resistance to metoclopramide and domperidone. ALB had decreased to 1．3 g/dl on April 22. A decrease in gastrointestinal motility from ascites retention was seen on a CT scan on April 25. Continuous subcutaneous infusion with haloperidol was started on April 25. The frequency of vomiting significantly decreased immediately afterward, and daily caloric intake significantly increased. Her ascites and anasarca were markedly improved on a CT scan on May 11. ALB had risen to 2．7 g/dlon June 14. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of haloperidol was effective for hypoalbuminemia and intractable vomiting after gastric cancer recurrence

Impact of functional studies on exome sequence variant interpretation in early-onset cardiac conduction system diseases

Aims The genetic cause of cardiac conduction system disease (CCSD) has not been fully elucidated. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) can detect various genetic variants; however, the identification of pathogenic variants remains a challenge. We aimed to identify pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in CCSD patients by using WES and 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) standards and guidelines as well as evaluating the usefulness of functional studies for determining them. Methods and Results We performed WES of 23 probands diagnosed with early-onset (<65 years) CCSD and analyzed 117 genes linked to arrhythmogenic diseases or cardiomyopathies. We focused on rare variants (minor allele frequency < 0.1%) that were absent from population databases. Five probands had protein truncating variants in EMD and LMNA which were classified as “pathogenic” by 2015 ACMG standards and guidelines. To evaluate the functional changes brought about by these variants, we generated a knock-out zebrafish with CRISPR-mediated insertions or deletions of the EMD or LMNA homologs in zebrafish. The mean heart rate and conduction velocities in the CRISPR/Cas9-injected embryos and F2 generation embryos with homozygous deletions were significantly decreased. Twenty-one variants of uncertain significance were identified in 11 probands. Cellular electrophysiological study and in vivo zebrafish cardiac assay showed that 2 variants in KCNH2 and SCN5A, 4 variants in SCN10A, and 1 variant in MYH6 damaged each gene, which resulted in the change of the clinical significance of them from “Uncertain significance” to “Likely pathogenic” in 6 probands. Conclusions Of 23 CCSD probands, we successfully identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 11 probands (48%). Functional analyses of a cellular electrophysiological study and in vivo zebrafish cardiac assay might be useful for determining the pathogenicity of rare variants in patients with CCSD. SCN10A may be one of the major genes responsible for CCSD. Translational Perspective Whole-exome sequencing (WES) may be helpful in determining the causes of cardiac conduction system disease (CCSD), however, the identification of pathogenic variants remains a challenge. We performed WES of 23 probands diagnosed with early-onset CCSD, and identified 12 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 11 of these probands (48%) according to the 2015 ACMG standards and guidelines. In this context, functional analyses of a cellular electrophysiological study and in vivo zebrafish cardiac assay might be useful for determining the pathogenicity of rare variants, and SCN10A may be one of the major development factors in CCSD