Efecto del sistema de labranza en el establecimiento de Stylosanthes guianensis CIAT 184.

El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del sistema de labranza en el establecimiento de Stylosanthes guianensis CIAT 184. Los tratamientos fueron tres sistemas de labranza (labranza cero, mínima y convencional) combinado con dos grados de compactación. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar en parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones. En la parcela principal se analiza el grado de compactación y la subparcela el sistema de labranza. Los resultados fueron analizados con variancia y las medias fueron probadas con el test de Tukey (

Rendimiento, distribución en el perfil de suelo y poder germinativo de semillas de Arachis pintoi

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el rendimiento de semillas de dos accesiones de Arachis pintoi, su distribución en el perfil de suelo estudiado y el poder germinativo de estas. El ensayo se realizó en el Campo Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la UNNE, en la ciudad de Corrientes. Se utilizaron parcelas implantadas de dos accesiones de Arachis pintoi,: CIA T 18748, CIA T 17434. La cosecha se realizó a los 12 y 20 meses de la implantación. Las semillas fueron recolectadas a dos profundidades: O a 5 cm y de 5 a 10 cm. Se tomaron 4 muestras al azar para cada tratamiento, con un marco de 25 x 25 cm. Las muestras se tamizaron para separar las semillas del suelo. Se determinó el poder germinativo de las semillas de la última cosecha a los 3 meses. Los tratamientos fueron Tl: testigo, T2: presecado en estufa a 40"C durante 14 días y T3: escarificado químico con etephon, solución 5 x 10-4M. A los 12 meses el rendimiento de frutos de las accesiones Arachis, Arachis CIAT 18748 y CIAT 17434 fue bajo. En esa fecha de cosecha no se detectaron diferencias significativas (P> 0,05) entre ambas accesiones. Los resultados obtenidos a los 20 meses muestran que A. pintoi, CIAT 17434 tiene la mayor producción de semillas. Las diferencias entre profundidades fue significativa. La mayor concentración de semillas producidas se encuentra a 5 cm. No se detectaron diferencias significativas entre accesiones para la variable PG. Las diferencias se observaron entre tratamientos. El escarificado químico con etephon se obtuvieron los porcentajes más altos de germinación (94,8%)

Transcriptomics and immunological analyses reveal a pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory phenotype for decidual endothelial cells

Copyright © 2019 by the authors. Background: In pregnancy, excessive inflammation and break down of immunologic tolerance can contribute to miscarriage. Endothelial cells (ECs) are able to orchestrate the inflammatory processes by secreting pro-inflammatory mediators and bactericidal factors by modulating leakiness and leukocyte trafficking, via the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the phenotype between microvascular ECs isolated from decidua (DECs) and ECs isolated from human skin (ADMECs). Methods: DECs and ADMECs were characterized for their basal expression of angiogenic factors and adhesion molecules. A range of immunological responses was evaluated, such as vessel leakage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to TNF-α stimulation, adhesion molecules expression and leukocyte migration in response to TNF-α and IFN-γ stimulation. Results: DECs produced higher levels of HGF, VEGF-A and IGFBP3 compared to ADMECs. DECs expressed adhesion molecules, ICAM-2 and ICAM-3, and a mild response to TNF-α was observed. Finally, DECs produced high levels of CXCL9/MIG and CXCL10/IP-10 in response to IFN-γ and selectively recruited Treg lymphocytes. Conclusion: DEC phenotype differs considerably from that of ADMECs, suggesting that DECs may play an active role in the control of immune response and angiogenesis at the foetal-maternal interface.This work was supported by grants from the Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo” to G. Ricci, Trieste, Italy (RC 20/16, RC 23/18). Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio Trieste to R. Bulla

The 4C5 Cell-Impermeable Anti-HSP90 Antibody with Anti-Cancer Activity, Is Composed of a Single Light Chain Dimer

MAb 4C5 is a cell impermeable, anti-HSP90 murine monoclonal antibody, originally produced using hybridoma technology. We have previously shown that mAb 4C5 specifically recognizes both the α- and to a lesser extent the β-isoform of HSP90. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that by selectively inhibiting the function of cell-surface HSP90, mAb 4C5 significantly impairs cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Here we describe the reconstitution of mAb 4C5 into a mouse-human chimera. More importantly we report that mAb 4C5 and consequently its chimeric counterpart are completely devoid of heavy chain and consist only of a functional kappa light chain dimer. The chimeric antibody is shown to retain the original antibody's specificity and functional properties. Thus it is capable of inhibiting the function of surface HSP90, leading to reduced cancer cell invasion in vitro. Finally, we present in vivo evidence showing that the chimeric 4C5 significantly inhibits the metastatic deposit formation of MDA-MB-453 cells into the lungs of SCID mice. These data suggest that a chimeric kappa light chain antibody could be potentially used as an anti-cancer agent, thereby introducing a novel type of antibody fragment, with reduced possible adverse immunogenic effects, into cancer therapeutics

Humoral immunity to AAV vectors in gene therapy: challenges and potential solutions

International audienceGene transfer trials with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have initiated to unveil the therapeutic potential of this approach, with some of the most exciting results coming from clinical studies of gene transfer for hemophilia B, congenital blindness, and the recent market approval of the first AAV-based gene therapy in Europe. With clinical development, however, some of the limitations of in vivo gene transfer have emerged; in particular the host immune system represents an important obstacle to be overcome in terms of both safety and efficacy of gene transfer in vivo with AAV vectors. Results in humans undergoing gene transfer indicate that capsid-specific T cell responses directed against transduced cells may limit the duration of transgene expression following AAV gene transfer, and similarly anti-AAV neutralizing antibodies can completely prevent transduction of a target tissue, resulting in lack of efficacy. Anti-AAV neutralizing antibodies are highly prevalent in humans, and the frequency of subjects with detectable titers can reach up to two thirds of the population. The approach to the problem of preexisting humoral immunity to AAV so far has been the exclusion of seropositive subjects, but this solution is far from being optimal. Several additional strategies have been proposed and tested in a variety of preclinical animal models. Future studies will help defining the optimal strategy, or combination of strategies, to successfully treat subjects with preexisting antibodies to AAV due to natural infection or to prior administration of AAV vectors. These advancements will likely have a significant impact on the field of gene transfer with AAV vectors