Global dynamics below a threshold for the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations with the Kirchhoff boundary and the repulsive Dirac delta boundary on a star graph

We consider the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations on the star graph with the Kirchhoff boundary and the repulsive Dirac delta boundary at the origin. In the present paper, we show the scattering-blowup dichotomy result below the mass-energy of the ground state on the real line. The proof of the scattering part is based on a concentration compactness and rigidity argument. Our main contribution is to give a linear profile decomposition on the star graph by using a symmetrical decomposition.Comment: 51 page

Blow-up Solutions to Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with a Potential

This is a sequel to the paper “Characterization of the ground state to the intercritical NLS with a linear potential by the virial functional” by the same authors. We continue to study the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a potential. In the previous chapter, we investigated some minimization problems and showed global existence of solutions to the equation with initial data, whose action is less than the value of minimization problems and positive virial functional. In particular, we saw that such solutions are bounded. In this chapter, we deal with solutions to the equation with initial data, whose virial functional is negative contrary to the previous paper and show that such solutions are unbounded

Effects of various treatments on the germination of mint seeds I

日本薄荷種子の発芽促進方法と発芽不良の原因を知るために若干の実験を行つた.その結果,高い発芽歩合を得るためには(1).採集した種子を湿潤低温の状態で約5ヶ月間貯蔵しておくこと (2).発芽を変温下(30℃,4～8時間,15℃,20～16時間)において行わしむること(3).硫酸或いは硝酸加里の0.005～0.01規定の稀薄溶液で湿した発芽床上で発芽せしむることが有効であることがわかつた.湿潤低温貯蔵によつて薄荷種子の発芽が促進せられるという事実から,本種子の発芽不良(少くともその一部)は胚の未後熟による休眠に原因するものと推定される.種皮の水分不透過が発芽不良に関与するか否かについては,的確なる証明を得るに至らなかつた

Methods for Estimating Effective Diffusivity of Substrate and Kinetic Parameters of Immobilized Enzyme

Two methods were presented for estimating simultaneously the kinetic parameters in the Michaelis-Menten equation, Kₘ and Vₘₐₓ, and the intraparticle effective diffusivity of substrate, Dₑᴀ, from the results of the transient changes in a batch reactor. The methods were applied to the estimation of the Kₘ and Vₘₐₓ values of α-chymotrypsin immobilized into firebrick particles or acrylamide gel, and the Dₑᴀ values of substrate through the supports. The experimental data of conversions both in the batch and tubular reactors were found to be calculated successfully by using the kinetic and transport parameters estimated by the proposed methods

A case of biventricular pacing with a spike on T-wave caused by the algorithm maintaining biventricular pacing rate

AbstractCardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves the cardiac function of patients with left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony. Maintenance of the biventricular pacing rate is very important in managing the hemodynamics in patients implanted with CRT devices. A low biventricular pacing rate, for example, in cases with atrial fibrillation or rapid intrinsic atrioventricular (AV) conduction, decreases the benefits of CRT. The LUMAX HF-T 540 device series (BIOTRONIK, Berlin, Germany) has a LV-triggered pace algorithm, which allows biventicular pacing rates to be maintained even during rapid intrinsic rhythms caused by shortened AV conduction and/or premature ventricular contraction (PVC) occurring in the right ventricle. We encountered a case of CRT device implantation with a defibrillator wherein this triggered pace algorithm caused a spike on T-wave due to T-wave oversensing. By remote monitoring, we were also able to determine that the T-wave oversensing was due to a PVC. The LUMAX 540 series allows for changes in the sensing threshold and filter settings of the device, which facilitated the elimination of T-wave oversensing in this case

Induction of microRNA-214-5p in human and rodent liver fibrosis

BACKGROUND: miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a wide range of biological contexts, including a variety of diseases. The present study clarified the role of miR-214-5p in hepatic fibrogenesis using human clinical tissue samples, livers from rodent models, and cultured hepatic stellate cells. METHODS: The expression of miR-214-5p and genes that are involved in liver fibrosis were analyzed in hepatitis C virus-infected human livers, rodent fibrotic livers, a human stellate cell line (LX-2), and the cells from intact mouse livers using real-time PCR. The effect of miR-214-5p overexpression in LX-2 cells on cell function was investigated. Twist-1 expression in the liver tissues of mouse models and primary-cultured stellate cells was also analyzed. RESULTS: miR-214-5p was upregulated in human and mouse livers in a fibrosis progression–dependent manner. miR-214-5p expression increased during the culture-dependent activation of mouse primary stellate cells and was significantly higher in stellate cells than in hepatocytes. The overexpression of miR-214-5p in LX-2 cells increased the expression of fibrosis-related genes, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. TGF-β stimulation induced miR-214-5p in LX-2 cells. Twist-1 was increased in fibrotic mouse livers and induced during mouse stellate cell activation. CONCLUSION: miR-214-5p may play crucial roles in the activation of stellate cells and the progression of liver fibrosis. Twist-1 may regulate miR-214-5p expression in the liver, particularly in stellate cells

Artificial intelligence supported anemia control system (AISACS) to prevent anemia in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Anemia, for which erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron supplements (ISs) are used as preventive measures, presents important difficulties for hemodialysis patients. Nevertheless, the number of physicians able to manage such medications appropriately is not keeping pace with the rapid increase of hemodialysis patients. Moreover, the high cost of ESAs imposes heavy burdens on medical insurance systems. An artificial-intelligence-supported anemia control system (AISACS) trained using administration direction data from experienced physicians has been developed by the authors. For the system, appropriate data selection and rectification techniques play important roles. Decision making related to ESAs poses a multi-class classification problem for which a two-step classification technique is introduced. Several validations have demonstrated that AISACS exhibits high performance with correct classification rates of 72%-87% and clinically appropriate classification rates of 92%-98%

Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Dissemination after Induction Chemotherapy

Gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination may be diagnosed as unresectable. More recently, as a result of progress in chemotherapy, some patients with peritoneal dissemination have exhibited extended survival. We report on our experience with three patients in whom induction chemotherapy allowed for totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG). All three patients were diagnosed as having advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination using staging laparoscopy. As induction chemotherapy, S-1 combined with cisplatin was administered to two patients and trastuzumab plus capecitabine combined with cisplatin to one patient. TLTG was performed in all patients and there were no postoperative complications. Adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated within 3 weeks after surgery in all three patients. Laparoscopic gastrectomy undertaken after induction chemotherapy was found to be effective and safe; this treatment has the potential to achieve good treatment outcomes in patients with stage IV gastric cancer