579 research outputs found
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect by Cocoons of Radio Galaxies
We estimate the deformation of the cosmic microwave background radiation by
the hot region (``cocoon'') around a radio galaxy. A simple model is adopted
for cocoon evolution while the jet is on, and a model of evolution is
constructed after the jet is off. It is found that at low redshift the phase
after the jet is off is longer than the lifetime of the jets. The Compton
y-parameter generated by cocoons is calculated with a Press-Schechter number
density evolution. The resultant value of y is of the same order as the COBE
constraint. The Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect due to cocoons could therefore be a
significant foreground source of small angular scale anisotropies in the cosmic
microwave background radiation.Comment: Published version, 23 pages with 5 figure
Possible Candidates for SUSY SO(10) Model with an Intermediate Scale
We study the possibility of an intermediate scale existing in supersymmetric
SO(10) grand unified theories: The intermediate scale is demanded to be around
10^{12} GeV so that neutrinos can obtain masses suitable for explaining the
experimental data on the deficit of solar neutrino with
Mikheev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein solution and the existence of hot dark matter. We
show that any Pati-Salam type intermediate symmetries are excluded by requiring
reasonable conditions and only is likely to be realized as an intermediate symmetry.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages + 1 uuencoded eps figure (Error corrected
Addition of Synthetic Biomaterials to Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral (DBBM) for Bone Augmentation-A Preclinical In Vivo Study.
(1) Aim: To investigate the effect of synthetic bone substitutes, α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) or bi-layered biphasic calcium-phosphate (BBCP) combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), on bone formation. (2) Methods: Thirty critical size defects were randomly treated with the following five different treatment modalities: (1) negative control (NC, empty), (2) DBBM, (3) α-TCP + DBBM (1:1), (4) BBCP 3%HA/97%α-TCP + DBBM (1:1), and (5) BBCP 6%HA/94%α-TCP + DBBM (1:1). The samples, at four weeks post-surgery, were investigated by micro-CT and histological analysis. (3) Results: A similar level of new bone formation was demonstrated in the DBBM with α-TCP bone substitute groups when compared to the negative control by histomorphometry. DBBM alone showed significantly lower new bone area than the negative control (p = 0.0252). In contrast to DBBM, the micro-CT analysis revealed resorption of the α-TCP + DBBM, BBCP 3%HA/97%α-TCP + DBBM and BBCP 6%HA/94%α-TCP + DBBM, as evidenced by a decrease of material density (p = 0.0083, p = 0.0050 and p = 0.0191, respectively), without changing their volume. (4) Conclusions: New bone formation was evident in all defects augmented with biomaterials, proving the osteoconductive properties of the tested material combinations. There was little impact of the HA coating degree on α-TCP in bone augmentation potential and material resorption for four weeks when mixed with DBBM
Transition of planar Couette flow at infinite Reynolds numbers
An outline of the state space of planar Couette flow at high Reynolds numbers (Re<105) is investigated via a variety of efficient numerical techniques. It is verified from nonlinear analysis that the lower branch of the hairpin vortex state (HVS) asymptotically approaches the primary (laminar) state with increasing Re. It is also predicted that the lower branch of the HVS at high Re belongs to the stability boundary that initiates a transition to turbulence, and that one of the unstable manifolds of the lower branch of HVS lies on the boundary. These facts suggest HVS may provide a criterion to estimate a minimum perturbation arising transition to turbulent states at the infinite Re limit. © 2013 American Physical Society
The action of CGRP and SP on cultured skin fibroblasts
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is the most abundant neuropeptide in the skin, followed by substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and other neuropeptides in smaller amounts. the proliferative effect of neuropeptides on fibroblasts may affect wound healing and may be associated with hyperproliferative skin and mesenchymal disorders. Understanding the neuropeptidergic action on fibroblasts may provide relevant information to a deeper comprehension of the healing process. This study reviews the action of the main neuropeptides, CGRP and SP, on cultured human skin fibroblasts.A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline and Web of Science databases on December 21, 2013.A total of 74 articles were retrieved using the proposed search strategies and 3 were found in the references section of the selected articles. Thirteen of the retrieved articles studied the action of CGRP and SP on cultured human skin fibroblasts, 12 of which related to SP and 1 related to both CGRP and SP.Only one study was retrieved about the action of both CGRP and SP on cultured human skin fibroblasts. Further studies are necessary to investigate CGRP on skin fibroblasts and its role in the fibroplasia phase of wound healing.Universidade Federal de São Paulo Unifesp, Dept Surg, Plast Surg Div, Postgrad Program Translat Surg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, BR-45662900 Ilheus, BA, BrazilUniv Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Biol Sci, BR-45662900 Ilheus, BA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo Unifesp, Dept Surg, Plast Surg Div, Postgrad Program Translat Surg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Interplay Between Time-Temperature-Transformation and the Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition in Water
We study the TIP5P water model proposed by Mahoney and Jorgensen, which is
closer to real water than previously-proposed classical pairwise additive
potentials. We simulate the model in a wide range of deeply supercooled states
and find (i) the existence of a non-monotonic ``nose-shaped'' temperature of
maximum density line and a non-reentrant spinodal, (ii) the presence of a low
temperature phase transition, (iii) the free evolution of bulk water to ice,
and (iv) the time-temperature-transformation curves at different densities.Comment: RevTeX4, 4 pages, 4 eps figure
Neutrino Mass Texture with Large Mixing
We propose a simple texture for the right-handed Majorana mass matrix to give
a large mixing angle and hierarchical left-handed neutrino
mass pattern. Consistently with the Dirac mass texture of the quark sector
realizing the CKM mixing, this naturally explains the recent experimental
results on both the atmospheric neutrino anomaly observed by the
Superkamiokande collaboration and the solar neutrino problem. In this texture
the right-handed Majorana mass of the third generation is of the order of GUT
scale, which is favorable for reproducing the observed bottom-tau mass ratio.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, comments and references adde
Rolling Tachyon Solution in Vacuum String Field Theory
We construct a time-dependent solution in vacuum string field theory and
investigate whether the solution can be regarded as a rolling tachyon solution.
First, compactifying one space direction on a circle of radius R, we construct
a space-dependent solution given as an infinite number of *-products of a
string field with center-of-mass momentum dependence of the form e^{-b p^2/4}.
Our time-dependent solution is obtained by an inverse Wick rotation of the
compactified space direction. We focus on one particular component field of the
solution, which takes the form of the partition function of a Coulomb system on
a circle with temperature R^2. Analyzing this component field both analytically
and numerically using Monte Carlo simulation, we find that the parameter b in
the solution must be set equal to zero for the solution to approach a finite
value in the large time limit x^0\to\infty. We also explore the possibility
that the self-dual radius R=\sqrt{\alpha'} is a phase transition point of our
Coulomb system.Comment: 39 pages, 17 figures, v3: references adde
Brane fluctuations and suppression of Kaluza-Klein mode couplings
In higher dimensional models where the gauge and gravity fields live in the
bulk and the matter fields only in a brane, we point out the importance of the
brane (transverse) coordinate modes, which are the Nambu-Goldstone bosons
appearing as a result of spontaneous breaking of the translation symmetry. The
brane recoil effect suppresses the couplings of higher Kaluza-Klein modes to
the matter, and gives a natural resolution to the divergence problem caused by
the exchange of infinitely many Kaluza-Klein modes.Comment: 11 pages, 1 eps figure, references adde
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