Percentage body fat and results of a periodic health examination

肥満や栄養過剰は多くの慢性疾患、とりわけ成人病と関連が強いことが従来から指摘されている。肥満の判定には体脂肪率を測定することが重要であるが、その方法の一つとして、集団検診に使用しやすい生体電気インピーダンス法（bioelectrical impedance analysis）がある。今回、1ビール製造工場の定期健康診断において、対象者男235人および女137人の体脂肪率をこの方法により測定した。まずこの体脂肪率とBMIおよび肥満度との相関関係を求め、男性より女性において相関が高いことを認めた。ついで肥満群と正常群に分けて、血圧および血液検査の異常率の出現頻度を統計的に比較したところ、肥満群では男女共に総コレステロールで、また男性では尿酸、γGTP、SGPTの各値で、異常者が高率であることを認めた。またSGPTは30才台から、γGTP及びTchは40才台からその傾向が見られた。しかし、肥満指数とこれらの検査値との相関係数は高くはなかった。Data from periodic health examinations such as ALP, UA, RBC, Hb, SGOT, SGPT, Tch(total choresterol), TG(triglyceride), blood pressure, body length, body weight and also percentage body fat(% Fat) as measured by bioelectrical impedance mehtod were obtained from 235 male and 137 female workers at a brewery factory in Okayama Prefecture and results were analyzed. The correlation coefficients for % Fat and Body Mass Index values(BMI) are found to be 0.678 for males and 0.803 for females. Examinees were then devided into normal and obesity groups respectively, and the frequency of values over normal ranges (classified by obesity indicators such as % Fat, BMI and obesity rate calculated from standard weight) were statistically compared. Results showed that % Fat and BMI were more sensitive than obesity rate and that the obesity group had statistically high frequencies of abnormality in some of the data as in the case of SGPT, γGTP and TG compared to the control group. Furthermore this tendency was found to be more significant among male workers than female ones

On the cross-sectional measurement points necessary for point correlation dimension analysis of two-phase flow

Abstract-This study experimentally investigated crosssectional measuring points necessary for point correlation dimension analysis of fully developed slug flow. Applying an optimal delay time reconstruction method and a point correlation dimension method to cross-sectional void fraction time series greatly improves the reliability of analyses. Results show that nine-point averaging is sufficient for a broad range of airflow rates. When the air flow rate is low, one-point measurement, except in the area near a pipe wall, yields reliable results

A glomerular permeability factor produced by human T cell hybridomas

A glomerular permeability factor produced by human T cell hybridomas. T cell hybridomas derived from the T cells of a patient with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) made a glomerular permeability factor (GPF). Sufficient quantities of GPF were available for further analysis and characterization. We obtained four stable clones of human T cell hybridomas which produced a glomerular permeability factor. When this factor was injected intravenously into rats, significant proteinurias were induced, and in normal human lymphocyte culture, GPF enhanced Concanavalin-A (Con-A) induced lymphocyte histogenesis by greater than ten fold. GPF was cytotoxic to tumor cell lines of epithelial origin, but only cytostatic to tumor cells of hematopoietic origin. Electron microscopy studies, with polyethyleneimine (PEI) staining, indicated that GPF induced the changes in the arrangement of PEI particles and partial fusion of glomerular epithelial cells in the rats given this factor intravenously. The molecular weight of GPF were estimated to be between 60,000 and 160,000 daltons. The molecular weight of the factor and its TNF like activity, we speculated that the factor was a lymphokine, like lymphotoxins

Model for the glass transition in amorphous solids based on fragmentation

A model for the glass transition in a heating process has been proposed. In the model, noncrystalline solids are assumed to be assemblies of pseudomolecules or structural units. When the noncrystalline solid is heated, a bond breaking process becomes dominant compared with a rebinding process of broken bonds. At high temperature, successive bond breaking causes the fragmentation of the solid and the fragment size becomes smaller as the temperature further increases. Consequently, the solid begins to show some viscous behavior when the fragment size reaches a critical value. To construct mathematical expressions for the fragmentation model, we employed a simple rate equation for the bond breaking process first and then obtained the temperature dependence of dangling bond density in a noncrystalline solid. Second, the expressions for the fragment density and size as a function of temperature were obtained based on the following assumptions: (1) bond breaking takes place mainly at the boundaries between pseudomolecules, (2) once buds of microcracks are generated, successive bond breaking occurs mostly at the tip of the microcracks, and (3) the fragments are Voronoy polyhedra. Finally, the diffusion coefficient in the system was obtained by assuming the vacancy mechanism in solids and then the temperature dependence of viscosity was derived through Stokes-Einstein relation. To examine the present model, applications of the model to the phase changes of α-Si in heating processes are carried out and the results were discussed

Preparation of calcium chloride-anodized aluminum composite for water vapor sorption

In the present study, we propose a novel solid sorbent, which is composed of anodized aluminum and calcium chloride, for water sorption chillers and heat pumps. Aluminum is electrolyzed in acid baths with the result that a thin and porous aluminum oxide film is formed on its surface. The anodic alumina films prepared using an electrolytic bath of sulfuric acid have an average thickness from 8 to 100 μm and mean pore diameter from 6 to 22 nm. The physical properties of anodized aluminum can be controlled by electrolytic conditions such as current density, processing time and temperature. A calcium chloride-anodized aluminum composite sorbent has been prepared by a solution impregnating method. The amount of calcium chloride impregnated on the alumina films reaches up to 16.1 wt%, and the deposition of calcium chloride in the alumina layer has been confirmed by X-ray analysis. The experimental results shows that bare anodized aluminum adsorbs very little water vapor, but the prepared calcium chloride-anodized aluminum composite is active against water vapor even in the low pressure range. Hence, this composite is a promising sorbent for adsorption chillers and heat pumps using water as working fluid. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved