Branżowe łańcuchy dostaw jako szansa dla współczesnych organizacji

The article presents an analysis of the concept of supply chains and studies on the industry supply chain. The literature analysis revealed theories of supply chains on a theoretical basis, which enabled the development of a supply chain concept dedicated to a specific industry – heavy industry. The purpose of the article was to present the industry supply chain for the heavy industry sector. The research methodology was based on an analysis of the heavy industry sector in 2016–2019, an interview and literature analysis of previously known concepts of supply chains.W rozdziale przedstawiono analizę koncepcji łańcuchów dostaw oraz badania dotyczące branżowego łańcucha dostaw. Przeprowadzona analiza literaturowa wyłoniła koncepcje łańcuchów dostaw na gruncie teoretycznym, co umożliwiło opracowanie koncepcji łańcucha dostaw dedykowanej branży przemysłu ciężkiego. Celem opracowania było przedstawienie branżowego łańcucha dostaw dla branży przemysłu ciężkiego. Metodyka badawcza opierała się na analizie branży przemysłu ciężkiego na przestrzeni lat 2016–2019, wywiadzie oraz analizie literaturowej dotychczas znanych koncepcji łańcuchów dostaw

Management of Municipal Public Transport Vehicle Journeys by Using the PERT Method

These days, seamless moving about a city is a determinant of the city’s competitiveness, and is decisive for the life quality in the city. Hence, taking care of appropriate traffic organisation is one of the major tasks of the city authorities. Development of optimal production and spatial interrelations, considering their costs, efficiency and scope of services rendered to individual entities, enables economic and ecological development of the region. Therefore, the issue of major importance for a city is implementing a transport policy that makes it possible to choose a specified method of development (transformation) of the existing transport system in such a way so that it is coherent with the adopted strategy for the city development. The purpose of a transport policy conducted by city authorities should be maintaining the functioning of the urban transport on at least a satisfactory level. The main purpose of the article is to present an innovative solution for optimising the journeys of public transport vehicles, using the PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) method. The method was developed on the basis of the research carried out in the city of Opole, Poland. The article presents a Multicriteria Model of Controlling the vehicles of the Municipal Public Transport-CVMPT) and the method implementation algorithm along with assumptions. The model presented in this article shows the possible way of optimising public transport systems operated in cities, taking into account the travel time of any given bus service, based on normal distribution and the computed probability of such traffic. The application of the method has brought many positive effects through providing optimisation measures in the structure of the municipal public transport

Impact of Alternative Forms of Transport on Urban Freight Congestion

Increasing congestion, environmental pollution, and the resulting full impatience of inhabitants contribute to the search for new solutions to move around the city. Therefore, city dwellers are increasingly turning to alternative means of transport such as bicycles, scooters, monocycles, etc. Recently, this way of traveling around the city has been flourishing. Therefore, the authors decided to investigate the phenomenon of the popularization of alternative forms of urban transport and to determine the influence of this kind of travel on freight transport and sustainable urban development. The research was based on four Polish cities: Wroclaw, Katowice, Opole, and Kedzierzyn-Kozle. The selection was made more precise by indicating two large and two small urban centers. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire survey addressed to the inhabitants of those centers, specifying their preferences regarding journeys in the cities, as well as through direct interviews with companies providing cargo transport in the cities. The final part of the study is to propose solutions that, based on the residents’ preferences, will reduce their travel by car in favor of alternative transport, thus enhancing freight transport

A Decision-Making Model on the Impact of Vehicle Use on Urban Safety

In the current era of urban development, people are already using electric vehicles more and more often for transport purposes, which reduces negative impacts on the environment. However, there are still vehicles in towns and cities that run on ordinary internal combustion engines. Performing optimization measures on the operation of these vehicles improves their performance, which can result in positive sustainable development effects. This article presents measures to reduce the wear and tear of urban vehicles and outlines a decision model to determine which of the vehicle parts described suffer the most frequent wear and tear under urban conditions. The article presents a list of structural elements that are most affected by urban traffic, as well as corrective actions to improve such specialized vehicles. Based on the decision analysis, Rule 1 was eliminated as having the least significant impact on vehicle wear and tear, and the least significant impact on urban safety. On the other hand, the most worn-out elements were found to be gearboxes, clutches, bus levelling electronics, and brake pads and discs. The decision-making model made it possible to identify the factors which have the greatest impact on reducing safety in urban spaces

Influence of telematics solutions on improving the functioning of enterprises

Rozwiązania telematyczne umożliwiają poprawę wyników finansowych i znacznie zwiększają efektywność firm transportowych. Korzyści te wynikają z wielu czynników, takich jak poprawa bezpieczeństwa jazdy, monitorowanie trasy przejazdu i/lub redukcja kosztów paliwa. Dzięki różnorodności urządzeń telematycznych firmy mogą wybierać spośród szerokiej gamy rozwiązań dostosowanych do ich potrzeb. Niestety w wielu firmach transportowych poziom wiedzy na temat telematyki jest bardzo niski, co z kolei może przekładać się na wyniki finansowe. Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu rozwiązań telematycznych na poprawę wyników finansowych przedsiębiorstw oraz zweryfikowanie poziomu wiedzy pracowników firm transportowych o narzędziach telematycznych i zaproponowanie możliwych działań, które firmy transportowe powinny podjąć w celu zapewnienia właściwego funkcjonowania systemu transportowego. Do weryfikacji celu wykorzystano następujące narzędzia badawcze: porównania, uogólnienia i ankietę przeprowadzoną wśród pracowników firm transportowych. Ponadto przeprowadzono bezpośrednie wywiady z kierownictwem firm transportowych.Telematics solutions allow to improve financial results and significantly increase the efficiency of transport companies. These benefits come from many factors, such as improving driving safety, monitoring the driver's route or reducing fuel costs. Thanks to the variety of telematics devices, companies can choose from a wide range of solutions tailored to their needs. Unfortunately, in many transport companies the knowledge of telematics is very low, which in turn translates into unfavourable financial results. The aim of the article is to show the impact of telematics solutions on the improvement of financial results of enterprises. In addition, it is to verify the knowledge of transport company employees about telematics tools and propose specific actions that transport companies should take to ensure proper functioning of the transport system. To verify the objective, the following research tools were used: comparisons, generalizations and a survey conducted among the employees of transport companies. In addition, direct interviews were conducted with the transport company management

Impact of policy regulations on the functioning of hospitals in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis

During the state of epidemic in Poland in 2020, all facilities providing medical services were subject to constant reorganization. Legal changes, which were introduced at a very rapid pace, did not allow the standardization of the work of the health service. Therefore, the assessment of the practical effects of the introduced legal measures is challenging due to the lack of fixed benchmarks. Accordingly, the research method used in the article is a survey conducted among employees of the Voivodeship Specialist Hospital in December 2020, in which 165 employees from different wards participated. For this purpose, the article presents the detailed description of policy regulations related to healthcare management introduced in Poland in 2020. Combining legal research and qualitative data allowed general conclusions to be drawn with regard to the quality assessment of the implemented policy measures from the perspective of healthcare professionals

Methods for Enhancing the Electrical Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composites

This paper presents ways to modify epoxy resin matrix composites to increase their electrical conductivity. Good electrical properties are particularly important for materials used in the construction of vehicles (cars, trains, airplanes) and other objects exposed to lightning (e.g., wind turbines). When the hull plating is made of an electrical conductor (e.g., metal alloys) it acts as a Faraday cage and upon lightning discharge the electrical charge does not cause damage to the structure. Epoxy-resin-based composites have recently been frequently used to reduce the weight of structures, but due to the insulating properties of the resin, various modifications must be applied to improve the conductivity of the composite. The methods to improve the conductivity have been categorized into three groups: modification of the matrix with conductive fillers, modification of the composite reinforcement, and addition of layers with increased electrical conductivity to the composite

Wpływ czasu moczenia na teksturę nasion soi

Changes in textural properties of Polan and Legenda cultivars of soybean seeds resulting from hydrothermal processing were analyzed. The seeds were subjected to treatment consisting of soaking them in water on 20ºC for 120 minutes and were taken out each time and were subjected to compression tests. During the process of soaking a decrease in the values of hardness and chewiness of soybean seeds occurs. Changes in hardness and chewiness of the Polan variety are described by means of the linear function. For every minute the values of hardness dropped by 1.71 N on the average, and of chewiness by 0.3 N. Changes in hardness and chewiness of the seeds Legenda variety were described by means of the exponential function. The coefficients of equations determined here suggest that for every minute there is a 2% reduction in hardness and a 4% reduction in chewiness