People offering deliverable services training guide

This detailed guide is created to increase local communities’ appreciation of water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), build their capacity to identify their needs and resources, unite them to respond to their water issues, guide them to formulate a 2-year WaSH Action Plan, and coach them in a mechanism for good governance and financial sustainability. While this guide is developed to assist A Single Drop for Safe Water (ASDSW) programme facilitators as they implement an extensive training intervention, it also serves as an updated repository of ASDSW facilitators’ and training participants’ insights

Persistent infection of rhesus monkeys with ‘Helicobacter macacae’ and its isolation from an animal with intestinal adenocarcinoma

A novel helicobacter, ‘Helicobacter macacae’, was previously isolated from a colony of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys in which diarrhoea from chronic idiopathic colitis was enzootic. A survey performed in a second colony of rhesus monkeys without a history of chronic diarrhoea determined that 57 % were faecal-culture positive for Helicobacter species. Ten years after the survey, one of the animals from which ‘H. macacae’ had been isolated, a 23-year-old, intact male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), presented with partial inappetence and progressive weight loss. Subsequent evaluation of the monkey revealed anaemia, hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and a palpable abdominal mass. Contrast radiography suggested partial intestinal obstruction. The animal was euthanized and a diagnosis was made of intestinal adenocarcinoma of the ileocaecocolic junction with metastasis to regional lymph nodes and liver. Microaerobic culture of caecal tissue yielded a helicobacter organism identified as ‘H. macacae’ by 16S rRNA gene sequencing – the same species of bacteria isolated 10 years previously. The liver, small intestine and colon were also positive by PCR for Helicobacter species. Intestinal adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of aged macaques. Faeces or caecal tissue from five out of five monkeys that remained from the original cohort and that were colonized with ‘H. macacae’ in the initial survey were positive for the organism. The apparent persistence of ‘H. macacae’ in these animals, the isolation of the bacterium from animals with colitis and the recognition of the importance of inflammation in carcinogenesis raise the possibility of an aetiological role in the genesis of intestinal adenocarcinoma in aged rhesus monkeys

A Multitrait-Multimethod investigation of the relationship between music memory and spatial memory

Typescript (photocopy).The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between music memory and spatial memory. This relationship was examined using the Multitrait-Multimethod procedure which allows for the assessment of convergent and discriminant validity of the traits. Music memory (pitch and contour components), spatial memory (visual-spatial components), and a control variable, verbal ability, were each measured by three methods. Fifty-eight undergraduate university students were tested ever the nine measures. The relationships indicated in the Multitrait-Multimethod correlation matrix were examined using the Campbell-Fiske (1959) criteria, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Correlations among the traits supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the traits. Exploratory factor analysis indicated the presence of three orthogonal or oblique traits. Confirmatory factor analysis results support a three-factor oblique model with a relationship between the music memory and spatial memory traits. These findings suggest that music educators should integrate visual-spatial memory skills in the teaching of musical pitch and contour

Outcomes and complications of open abdomen technique for managing non-trauma patients

Background : Damage control surgery and the open abdomen technique have been widely used in trauma. These techniques are now being utilized more often in non-trauma patients but the outcomes are not clear. We hypothesized that the use of the open abdomen technique in non-trauma patients 1) is more often due to peritonitis, 2) has a lower incidence of definitive fascial closure during the index hospitalization, and 3) has a higher fistula rate. Methods : Retrospective case series of patients treated with the open abdomen technique over a 5-year period at a level-I trauma center. Data was collected from the trauma registry, operating room (OR) case log, and by chart review. The main outcome measures were number of operations, definitive fascial closure, fistula rate, complications, and length of stay. Results : One hundred and three patients were managed with an open abdomen over the 5-year period and we categorized them into three groups: elective (n = 31), urgent (n = 35), and trauma (n = 37). The majority of the patients were male (69%). Trauma patients were younger (39 vs 53 years; P < 0.05). The most common indications for the open abdomen technique were intraabdominal hypertension in the elective group (n = 18), severe intraabdominal infection in the urgent group (n=19), and damage control surgery in the trauma group (n = 28). The number of abdominal operations was similar (3.1−3.7) in the three groups, as was the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (average: 25−31 days). The definitive fascial closure rates during initial hospitalization were as follows: 63% in the elective group, 60% in the urgent group, and 54% in the trauma group. Intestinal fistula formation occurred in 16%, 17%, and 11%, respectively, in the three groups, with overall mortality rates of 35%, 31%, and 11%. Conclusion : Intra-abdominal infection was a common reason for use of the open abdomen technique in non-trauma patients. However, the definitive fascial closure and fistula rates were similar in the three groups. Despite differences in indications, damage control surgery and the open abdomen technique have been successfully transitioned to elective and urgent non-trauma patients

A case study: using social tagging to engage students in learning Medical Subject Headings*

In exploring new ways of teaching students how to use Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), librarians at Boston University's Alumni Medical Library (AML) integrated social tagging into their instruction. These activities were incorporated into the two-credit graduate course, “GMS MS 640: Introduction to Biomedical Information,” required for all students in the graduate medical science program. Hands-on assignments and in-class exercises enabled librarians to present MeSH and the concept of a controlled vocabulary in a familiar and relevant context for the course's Generation Y student population and provided students the opportunity to actively participate in creating their education. At the conclusion of these activities, students were surveyed regarding the clarity of the presentation of the MeSH vocabulary. Analysis of survey responses indicated that 46% found the concept of MeSH to be the clearest concept presented in the in-class intervention

A Crisis in Career Development: Life Designing and Implications for Transition

The field of transition\u2014and the Division on Career Development and Transition (DCDT)\u2014was built upon a foundation established by theories of career development that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s and paved the way for the work/study movement of the 1960s and the vocational and career education for students with disabilities movement that dominated the 1970s and, eventually, the transition services movement. Today\u2019s leaders in vocational psychology and career guidance suggest that market and global economic forces associated with a postmodern world have created a crisis in career development models and methods. This article discusses the evolution of how career development has been understood, and the potential importance of a life design framework and its emphasis on career construction, rather than career development, for the future of transition services

Crystallographic studies of diphenylgermanium, diphenyltin and diphenyllead compounds containing the dinegative ligand derived from salicylideneamino-o-hydroxybenzene: Ph(2)M(OC(6)H(4)CH=NC(6)H(4)O)

Alex A. Diamantis, Jacqueline M. Gulbis, Mary Manikas & Edward R.T. Tiekin