Резекция опухоли почки с суперселективной баллонной таргетной химиоэмболизацией

Objective: to develop a method of laparoscopic resection of a kidney tumor with super selective balloon occlusion of the segmental renal artery and targeted chemoembolization. Another purpose is to estimate the degree of fixation of the chemotherapy drug in the kidney parenchyma.Materials and methods. The study included the results of experiments on 14 laboratory rabbits, who underwent an intra-arterial injection of the coloring substance of Ponceau S and there were determined its concentration in the renal parenchyma after fixation with a hemostatic suture for 8 days after the injection of the marker. Besides, there were included the results of 13 studies of the contrast substance of ultraravist and gadovist concentration in the renal tissue of patients after resection of the neoplasm with intra-arterial injection of the contrast substance into the parenchyma of the operated kidney.Results. The implemented study showed the presence of a high concentration of a substance injected into the renal artery and a hemostatic suture fixed to the wound edges in the kidney tissue for 6-8 days of the postoperative period.Conclusion. Laparoscopic resection of a malignant kidney tumor with a super-selective balloon occlusion of the segmental renal artery, supplemented by the injection of a targeted chemotherapy agent into the renal artery is a highly effective, safe and simple method of surgical treatment of kidney cancer with enhanced anti-relapse protection due to high concentrations of chemotherapy in the resection area.Цель исследования — разработать методику резекции опухоли почки с суперселективной баллонной окклюзией сегментарной почечной артерии и таргетной химиоэмболизацией, оценить степень фиксации химиопрепарата в паренхиме почки.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены результаты экспериментов над 14 лабораторными кроликами, которым выполнено внутриартериальное введение красящего вещества Понсо S и определена его концентрация в паренхиме почек после фиксации гемостатическим швом на протяжении 8 сут после введения маркера. Также включены результаты 13 исследований концентрации контрастных веществ ультравист и гадовист в почечной ткани у больных после резекции новообразования с внутриартериальным введением контрастного вещества в паренхиму оперируемой почки.Результаты. Результаты исследования показали наличие высокой концентрации в ткани почки введенного в почечную артерию вещества и фиксированного в краях раны гемостатическим швом на протяжении 6—8 сут послеоперационного периода.Заключение. Резекция злокачественной опухоли почки с суперселективной баллонной окклюзией сегментарной почечной артерии, дополненная введением в почечную артерию таргетного химиопрепарата является высокоэффективным, безопасным и простым методом хирургического лечения рака почки с усиленной противорецидивной защитой ввиду высоких концентраций химиопрепарата в крае резекции

Prostate cancer diagnosis: an immunological aspects

Introduction. Contemporary diagnosis of prostate cancer is crucial to the patient’s further fate. Difficulties in the histological verification of the final diagnosis and false-negative results of biopsy research are often associated with the similarity of the prostate adenocarcinoma`s micromorphological picture and its benign lesions.Purpose of the study. Comprehending the possibilities of immunohistochemical identification of tumor cells and the basal epithelial layer of prostate glandular structures in prostate cancer suspected cases.Materials and methods. A biopsy material was taken from 134 patients. Prostate adenocarcinoma was verified by routine histological examination in 72 samples, in 62 samples there were no signs of malignant transformation. Subsequently, immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy specimens was performed using antibodies to α-methylacyl-CoA racemase, nuclear p63 protein and high-molecular cytokeratin.Results. The AMACR-positive reaction of malignant cells and a negative reaction of the basal epithelium to nuclear p63 protein antibodies and high-molecular cytokeratin were detected during prostate adenocarcinoma.Conclusion. If prostate cancer is suspected, immunohistochemical assays with monoclonal antibodies to AMACR, p63 and high-molecular cytokeratin greatly facilitate the detection of adenocarcinoma

Conventional white light imaging-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) versus IMAGE1S-assisted TURBT in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients: trial protocol and 18 months results

Purpose: White light (WL) is the traditional imaging modality for transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT). IMAGE1S is a likely addition. We compare 18-mo recurrence rates following TURBT using IMAGE1S versus WL guidance. Methods: Twelve international centers conducted a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Patients with primary and recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) were randomly assigned 1:1 to TURBT guided by IMAGE1S or WL. Eighteen-month recurrence rates and subanalysis for primary/recurrent and risk groups were planned and compared by chi-square tests and survival analyses. Results: 689 patients were randomized for WL-assisted (n = 354) or IMAGE1S-assisted (n = 335) TURBT. Of these, 64.7% had a primary tumor, 35.3% a recurrent tumor, and 4.8%, 69.2% and 26.0% a low-, intermediate-, and high-risk tumor, respectively. Overall, 60 and 65 patients, respectively, completed 18-mo follow-up, with recurrence rates of 31.0% and 25.4%, respectively (p = 0.199). In patients with primary, low-/intermediate-risk tumors, recurrence rates at 18-mo were significantly higher in the WL group compared with the IMAGE1S group (31.9% and 22.3%, respectively: p 0.035). Frequency and severity of adverse events were comparable in both treatment groups. Immediate and adjuvant intravesical instillation therapy did not differ between the groups. Potential limitations included lack of uniformity of surgical resection, central pathology review, and missing data. Conclusion: There was not difference in the overall recurrence rates between IMAGE1S and WL assistance 18-mo after TURBT in patients with NMIBC. However, IMAGE1S-assisted TURBT considerably reduced the likelihood of disease recurrence in primary, low/intermediate risk patients. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02252549 (30-09-2014). © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature