16,471 research outputs found
Curved Graphene Nanoribbons: Structure and Dynamics of Carbon Nanobelts
Carbon nanoribbons (CNRs) are graphene (planar) structures with large aspect
ratio. Carbon nanobelts (CNBs) are small graphene nanoribbons rolled up into
spiral-like structures, i. e., carbon nanoscrolls (CNSs) with large aspect
ratio. In this work we investigated the energetics and dynamical aspects of
CNBs formed from rolling up CNRs. We have carried out molecular dynamics
simulations using reactive empirical bond-order potentials. Our results show
that similarly to CNSs, CNBs formation is dominated by two major energy
contribution, the increase in the elastic energy due to the bending of the
initial planar configuration (decreasing structural stability) and the
energetic gain due to van der Waals interactions of the overlapping surface of
the rolled layers (increasing structural stability). Beyond a critical diameter
value these scrolled structures can be even more stable (in terms of energy)
than their equivalent planar configurations. In contrast to CNSs that require
energy assisted processes (sonication, chemical reactions, etc.) to be formed,
CNBs can be spontaneously formed from low temperature driven processes. Long
CNBs (length of 30.0 nm) tend to exhibit self-folded racket-like
conformations with formation dynamics very similar to the one observed for long
carbon nanotubes. Shorter CNBs will be more likely to form perfect scrolled
structures. Possible synthetic routes to fabricate CNBs from graphene membranes
are also addressed
An Efficient, Meaningful, Dynamic and Fun Didactical Methodological Possibility: Interdisciplinary Games for the Classroom
The Brazilian educational system demands, more and more, pedagogical practices which encourage the students to get really involved with the learning process and also that have them develop the ability of establishing relation between what they learn in school and what happens in everyday life. Thus, it is not possible to accept a teaching practice which requests from the students, for example, memorization of big nomenclature lists, which will never be used in daily communication. Onwards this belief, came the idea of creating a work proposal guided by interdisciplinarity. The objective is to show how a Basic Education teacher can work with the figure of speech concept in a playful, meaning, efficient and mainly interdisciplinary way, which is a modern slope of the educational field nowadays, but it is not present so commonly within Brazilian schools
Transport properties of a two impurity system: a theoretical approach
A system of two interacting cobalt atoms, at varying distances, was studied
in a recent scanning tunneling microscope experiment by Bork et. al.[Nature
Phys. 7, 901 (2011)]. We propose a microscopic model that explains, for all
experimentally analyzed interatomic distances, the physics observed in these
experiments. Our proposal is based on the two-impurity Anderson model, with the
inclusion of a two-path geometry for charge transport. This many-body system is
treated in the finite-U slave boson mean-field approximation and the
logarithmic-discretization embedded-cluster approximation. We physically
characterize the different charge transport regimes of this system at various
interatomic distances and show that, as in the experiments, the features
observed in the transport properties depend on the presence of two impurities
but also on the existence of two conducting channels for electron transport. We
interpret the splitting observed in the conductance as the result of the
hybridization of the two Kondo resonances associated with each impurity.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Polarized currents and spatial separation of Kondo state: NRG study of spin-orbital effect in a double QD
A double quantum dot device, connected to two channels that only see each
other through interdot Coulomb repulsion, is analyzed using the numerical
renormalization group technique. By using a two-impurity Anderson model, and
parameter values obtained from experiment [S. Amasha {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 110}, 046604 (2013)], it is shown that, by applying a moderate
magnetic field, and adjusting the gate potential of each quantum dot, opposing
spin polarizations are created in each channel. Furthermore, through a well
defined change in the gate potentials, the polarizations can be reversed. This
polarization effect is clearly associated to a spin-orbital Kondo state having
a Kondo peak that originates from spatially separated parts of the device. This
fact opens the exciting possibility of experimentally probing the internal
structure of an SU(2) Kondo state.Comment: 4+ pages; 4 figures; supplemental material (1 page, 2 figures
Magnetically assisted self-injection and radiation generation for plasma based acceleration
It is shown through analytical modeling and numerical simulations that
external magnetic fields can relax the self-trapping thresholds in plasma based
accelerators. In addition, the transverse location where self-trapping occurs
can be selected by adequate choice of the spatial profile of the external
magnetic field. We also find that magnetic-field assisted self-injection can
lead to the emission of betatron radiation at well defined frequencies. This
controlled injection technique could be explored using state-of-the-art
magnetic fields in current/next generation plasma/laser wakefield accelerator
experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Plasma Physics and
Controlled Fusio
Effects of Poverty on Children Educational Attainment in Isua, Akoko South East Local Government, Ondo State
The overall objective of this study is to provide an insight into the influence of poverty on the children’s educational attainment in Isua-Akoko. Poverty is said to exist when people lacks the means to satisfy their basic needs. Thus, improving the educational attainment of the population is an important requirement to reduce poverty amid the populace and foster development. However, the study employed 202 questionnaire to gather information and data from household parents, teachers and students (randomly selected from different social background) in which 146 were reported poor. Binary probit and logit method were used. The result obtained indicates that parent level of education, role model and parent’s autonomous income greatly influence children’s educational attainment in Isua-Akoko. While parent level of income and government policy did not have any influence on the children’s education. The researchers thus suggest that to increase the rate of educational enrolment/completion the following measures should be put in place which include: heavy investment in formal and non-formal education (vocational training), good governance in the delivery of education incentives and involvement of the people at the local levels in education development decisions. Keywords: Poverty, Educational attainment, Isua-Akoko, Probit and Logi
Magnetic control of particle-injection in plasma based accelerators
The use of an external transverse magnetic field to trigger and to control
electron self-injection in laser- and particle-beam driven wakefield
accelerators is examined analytically and through full-scale particle-in-cell
simulations. A magnetic field can relax the injection threshold and can be used
to control main output beam features such as charge, energy, and transverse
dynamics in the ion channel associated with the plasma blowout. It is shown
that this mechanism could be studied using state-of-the-art magnetic fields in
next generation plasma accelerator experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
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