Psychology and adherence in type 1 diabetes

Entre las diversas patologías que generan angustia, la diabetes tipo 1 (DMT1 ) es una enfermedad crónica con un alto nivel de "impacto social y psicológico" y alto "potencial emotivo". En el manejo de la diabetes existe un creciente uso del concepto de adhesión (acuerdo paciente con el tratamiento), con formación específica destinada a desarrollar las habilidades de auto-cuidado en el paciente. Tanto la experiencia clínica y la literatura médica, sin embargo, demuestran que a muchos pacientes adultos con DMT1 les resulta difícil adaptarse a los procesos de auto-cuidado. En este artículo exploramos los rasgos de personalidad de una muestra de pacientes DMT1 que están experimentando dificultades con la adherencia y su interacción con factores biomédicos y sociales, con el fin de que sea posible diseñar e implementar intervenciones psicológicas que son más apropiadas y que se centran en la reducción de "episodios psíquicos" y una mejora en el nivel de adherencia.Among the various pathologies that generate distress, Type 1 Diabetes (DMT1) is a chronic illness with a high level of “social and psychological impact” and high “emotive potential”. In managing diabetes there is growing use of the concept of Adherence (patient agreement with treatment), with specific education aimed at developing self-care abilities in the patient. Both clinical experience and medical literature, however, demonstrate that many adult patients with DMT1 find it difficult to adapt to the self-care processes. In this paper we explore the personality traits of a sample of DMT1 patients who are experiencing difficulties with Adherence and their interaction with biomedical and social factors, in order to make it possible to devise and implement psychological interventions that are more appropriate and which focus on reducing “psychic episodes” and an improvement in the level of Adherence.peerReviewe

Changes in bird abundance in eastern North America : urban sprawl and global footprint?

Author Posting. © American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Institute of Biological Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in BioScience 57 (2007): 360-370, doi:10.1641/B570410.The abundance of birds recorded in the North American Breeding Bird Survey decreased by up to 18 percent between 1966 and 2005. The abundance of US and Canadian resident species decreased by 30 percent, and that of migrants within the United States and Canada decreased by 19 percent. By contrast, Neotropical migrants increased by up to 20 percent. Land-cover changes in northern latitudes therefore seem more consequential for bird populations than those occurring in Neotropical habitats. Lower abundances were most marked for resident breeding birds that used open, edge, and wetland habitats, the environments most affected by human disturbances—particularly urban sprawl—in northern latitudes. The abundance of resident and migrant forest-dwelling birds increased (although trends varied from species to species), with the increases seeming to follow the 20th-century expansion of forest area in northern latitudes, rather than the loss of Neotropical forests. The geographic footprint of changes in bird abundance linked to habitat changes in North America may thus be extending southward, with negative effects on birds that use open habitats and positive effects on forest birds.P. M. was supported by a fellowship from CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina)

Diffusion Of Indigo Molecules Inside The Palygorskite Clay Channels

The search for durable dyes led several past civilizations to develop artificial pigments. Maya Blue (MB), manufactured in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, is one of the best known examples of an organic-inorganic hybrid material. Its durability is due to the unique association of indigo molecule and palygorskite, a particular fibrous clay occurring in Yucatan. Despite 50 years of sustained interest, the microscopic structure of MB and its relation to the durability remain open questions. Combining new thermogravimetric and synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses, we show that indigo molecules can diffuse into the channel of the palygorskite during the heating process, replacing zeolitic water and stabilizing the room temperature phases of the clay

Specific Preferences in Lineage Choice and Phenotypic Plasticity of Glioma Stem Cells Under BMP4 and Noggin Influence

Although BMP4-induced differentiation of glioma stem cells (GSCs) is well recognized, details of the cellular responses triggered by this morphogen are still poorly defined. In this study, we established several GSC-enriched cell lines (GSC-ECLs) from high-grade gliomas. The expansion of these cells as adherent monolayers, and not as floating neurospheres, enabled a thorough study of the phenotypic changes that occurred during their differentiation. Herein, we evaluated GSC-ECLs' behavior toward differentiating conditions by depriving them of growth factors and/or by adding BMP4 at different concentrations. After analyzing cellular morphology, proliferation and lineage marker expression, we determined that GSC-ECLs have distinct preferences in lineage choice, where some of them showed an astrocyte fate commitment and others a neuronal one. We found that this election seems to be dictated by the expression pattern of BMP signaling components present in each GSC-ECL. Additionally, treatment of GSC-ECLs with the BMP antagonist, Noggin, also led to evident phenotypic changes. Interestingly, under certain conditions, some GSC-ECLs adopted an unexpected smooth muscle-like phenotype. As a whole, our findings illustrate the wide differentiation potential of GSCs, highlighting their molecular complexity and paving a way to facilitate personalized differentiating therapies.Fil: Videla Richardson, Guillermo Agustín. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Carolina Paola. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Roisman, Alejandro. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Slavutsky, Irma Rosa. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Espinosa, Damian Dario. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Romorini, Leonardo. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Arakaki, Naomi. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Martinetto, Horacio Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Scassa, Maria Elida. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Sevlever, Gustavo Emilio. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentin

Dynamic Study of N'N-dimethylparanitroaniline encapsulated in Silicalite-1 matrix using neutron spin-echo spectroscopy

International audienceThe present work focuses on the dynamic studies of N'N-dimethyl- paranitroaniline (dmpNA) encapsulated in silicalite zeolite. Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) experiments are carried out using neutron spin-echo technique. Polarisation of the scattered neutron beam is measured at carefully chosen values of Q=0.35, 0.9, 1.1 and 1.45 A -1 at xed T=298 K and at xed Q=0.9 A -1 at 150, 200, 250 and 298 K. This gives insight into the motion and the related activation energy of the guest dmpNA molecule. The quasielastic signal observed in the present system within the time range considered is due to fast local rotational motions of protons of the end methyl groups. The results are in good agreement with the dynamics of methyl group rotations reported in the literature by back- scattering QENS technique