371 research outputs found
Development of a multivariable prognostic PREdiction model for 1-year risk of FALLing in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults aged 75âyears and above (PREFALL)
Abstract Background Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries in older adults, and attention to falls prevention is imperative. Prognostic models identifying high-risk individuals could guide fall-preventive interventions in the rapidly growing older population. We aimed to develop a prognostic prediction model on falls rate in community-dwelling older adults. Methods Design: prospective cohort study with 12âmonths follow-up and participants recruited from June 14, 2018, to July 18, 2019. Setting: general population. Subjects: community-dwelling older adults aged 75+ years, without dementia or acute illness, and able to stand unsupported for one minute. Outcome: fall rate for 12âmonths. Statistical methods: candidate predictors were physical and cognitive tests along with self-report questionnaires. We developed a Poisson model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalization, leave-one-out cross-validation, and bootstrap resampling with 1000 iterations. Results Sample size at study start and end was 241 and 198 (82%), respectively. The number of fallers was 87 (36%), and the fall rate was 0.94 falls per person-year. Predictors included in the final model were educational level, dizziness, alcohol consumption, prior falls, self-perceived falls risk, disability, and depressive symptoms. Mean absolute error (95% CI) was 0.88 falls (0.71â1.16). Conclusion We developed a falls prediction model for community-dwelling older adults in a general population setting. The model was developed by selecting predictors from among physical and cognitive tests along with self-report questionnaires. The final model included only the questionnaire-based predictors, and its predictions had an average imprecision of less than one fall, thereby making it appropriate for clinical practice. Future external validation is needed. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT03608709 )
Random Matrix Theory of a Chaotic Andreev Quantum Dot
A new universality class distinct from the standard Wigner-Dyson ones is
identified. This class is realized by putting a metallic quantum dot in contact
with a superconductor, while applying a magnetic field so as to make the
pairing field effectively vanish on average. A random-matrix description of the
spectral and transport properties of such a quantum dot is proposed. The
weak-localization correction to the tunnel conductance is nonzero and results
from the depletion of the density of states due to the coupling with the
superconductor. Semiclassically, the depletion is caused by a a mode of
phase-coherent long-range propagation of electrons and holes.Comment: minor changes, 4 REVTeX page
The complete conformal spectrum of a invariant network model and logarithmic corrections
We investigate the low temperature asymptotics and the finite size spectrum
of a class of Temperley-Lieb models. As reference system we use the spin-1/2
Heisenberg chain with anisotropy parameter and twisted boundary
conditions. Special emphasis is placed on the study of logarithmic corrections
appearing in the case of in the bulk susceptibility data and in
the low-energy spectrum yielding the conformal dimensions. For the
invariant 3-state representation of the Temperley-Lieb algebra with
we give the complete set of scaling dimensions which show huge
degeneracies.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
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