The Normal Red-Letter, volume 3, number 3, December (1901)

https://red.mnstate.edu/normalredletter/1013/thumbnail.jp

Media 3: Volume flow calculations on gas leaks imaged with infrared gas-correlation

Originally published in Optics Express on 27 August 2012 (oe-20-18-20318

Media 1: Volume flow calculations on gas leaks imaged with infrared gas-correlation

Originally published in Optics Express on 27 August 2012 (oe-20-18-20318

Correction to Role of Nanoscale Confinement on Calcium Phosphate Formation at High Supersaturation

Correction to Role of Nanoscale Confinement on Calcium Phosphate Formation at High Supersaturatio

Andersson2013_AmNat

Andersson2013_AmNa

Atomically Resolved Tissue Integration

In the field of biomedical technology, a critical aspect is the ability to control and understand the integration of an implantable device in living tissue. Despite the technical advances in the development of biomaterials, the elaborate interplay encompassing materials science and biology on the atomic level is not very well understood. Within implantology, anchoring a biomaterial device into bone tissue is termed osseointegration. In the most accepted theory, osseointegration is defined as an interfacial bonding between implant and bone; however, there is lack of experimental evidence to confirm this. Here we show that atom probe tomography can be used to study the implant–tissue interaction, allowing for three-dimensional atomic mapping of the interface region. Interestingly, our analyses demonstrated that direct contact between Ca atoms and the implanted titanium oxide surface is formed without the presence of a protein interlayer, which means that a pure inorganic interface is created, hence giving experimental support to the current theory of osseointegration. We foresee that this result will be of importance in the development of future biomaterials as well as in the design of in vitro evaluation techniques

Tschirren_bankvoles

Microsatellite and TLR2 alleles of bank voles from the 9 analysis population

Tschirren_yellowneckedmice

Microsatellite and TLR2 alleles of yellow-necked mice from the 9 analysis population

Lifetime (in ms) and transition rate (in s⁻¹) of the hyperfine level of 3d⁹4s ³D₃ either with or without nuclear quadrupole HFI

<p><b>Table 4.</b> Lifetime (in ms) and transition rate (in s⁻¹) of the hyperfine level of 3d⁹4s ³D₃ either with or without nuclear quadrupole HFI. Notation <em>f</em> denotes the natural abundance of a different isotope with nuclear spin <em>I</em> and µ denotes the magnetic dipole moment in nuclear magnetons. Notation <em>Q</em> denotes the nuclear electric quadrupole moment in barns. Values of <em>I</em>, µ and <em>Q</em> are referred from [<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/14/145001/article#b467799bib27" target="_blank">27</a>], where the uncertainties of µ and <em>Q</em> values are quoted in parentheses. The values of <em>f</em> are referred from [<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/14/145001/article#b467799bib28" target="_blank">28</a>]. All lifetimes are given in ms (<em>a</em>[<em>b</em>] = <em>a</em> <b>×</b> 10^<em>b</em>).</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Based on the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method and using the GRASPVU package, a theoretical investigation was performed to study the lifetimes of hyperfine levels of the first excited level 3d⁹4s ³D₃ in Ni-like ions (<em>Z</em> = 72–79) for all stable isotopes with nuclear spin. Comparisons between hyperfine-induced electric quadrupole transition rates and the pure magnetic octupole transition rates show that the extra electric quadrupole transition channel caused by the nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction is important for most hyperfine levels in each individual ion. Lifetimes of most hyperfine levels are sensitive to this extra decay channel. Extreme cases are found in ¹⁸¹Ta, ¹⁸⁵Re and ¹⁸⁷Re, where lifetimes of some hyperfine levels are shortened by more than an order of magnitude.</p

Lifetimes of different hyperfine levels of 3d⁹4s ³D₃, <em>τ_F</em>, relative to the lifetime of 3d⁹4s ³D₃ which decays by the pure M3 transition, <em>τ_M3</em>

<p><strong>Figure 2.</strong> Lifetimes of different hyperfine levels of 3d⁹4s ³D₃, <em>τ_F</em>, relative to the lifetime of 3d⁹4s ³D₃ which decays by the pure M3 transition, <em>τ_M3</em>. Results for all hyperfine levels of different isotopes in table <a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/14/145001/article#b467799t4" target="_blank">4</a> are presented.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Based on the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method and using the GRASPVU package, a theoretical investigation was performed to study the lifetimes of hyperfine levels of the first excited level 3d⁹4s ³D₃ in Ni-like ions (<em>Z</em> = 72–79) for all stable isotopes with nuclear spin. Comparisons between hyperfine-induced electric quadrupole transition rates and the pure magnetic octupole transition rates show that the extra electric quadrupole transition channel caused by the nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction is important for most hyperfine levels in each individual ion. Lifetimes of most hyperfine levels are sensitive to this extra decay channel. Extreme cases are found in ¹⁸¹Ta, ¹⁸⁵Re and ¹⁸⁷Re, where lifetimes of some hyperfine levels are shortened by more than an order of magnitude.</p