A New Approach to Evaluation of University Teaching Considering Heterogeneity of Students’ Preferences

AbstractStudents’ evaluations of teaching are increasingly used by universities to evaluate teaching performance. However, these evaluations are controversial mainly due to fact that students value various aspects of excellent teaching differently. Therefore, in this paper we propose a new approach to student evaluation of university teaching based on data from conjoint analysis. Conjoint analysis is a multivariate technique used to analyze the structure of individuals’ preference. In particular, our approach accounts for different importance students attach to various aspects of teaching. Moreover, it accounts explicitly for heterogeneity arising from student preferences, and incorporates it to form comprehensive teaching evaluation score. We have conducted survey and confirmed applicability and efficiency of the proposed approach

Asteroseismology and evolutionary status of Procyon A

Models of Procyon A satisfying the actual observational constraints, particularly the asteroseismic ones, are discussed. The oscillations of these models were computed and analysed. We looked for seismic signatures of the evolutionary status of Procyon A. We show that the behavior of the small frequency spacings, particularly allows us to distinguish between main sequence and post-main sequence models, all satisfying the observational constraints on mass, effective temperature, radius, and surface metallicity of Procyon A. We also introduce a new seismic evolution criterion, , based on the comparison of the low and high frequency parts of the power spectrum. The comparison of the seismic properties of the models with the available asteroseismic observations does not allow us to definitely decide on the stage of evolution of Procyon A. Much more accurate frequencies must be obtained especially in the low-frequency domain to distinguish between the models

Search for HDO in the astronomical spectroscopic archives of the Observatoire de Haute-Provence

International audienceAstronomical spectroscopic archives of Observatoire de Haute Provence is a database of high-resolution spectra of astronomical objects (spectral domain: 385 nm to 680 nm; sampling 0.005 nm; resolution: 0.0065 nm) obtained with the Elodie spectrograph on a 193-cm diameter telescope at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5 ° 42' E, +43° 55' N, altitude 681 m). Note that Sophie spectrograph replaced the Elodie Spectrograph in July 2005 and the Sophie archive is also open to the community. More than 20 000 spectra of stars and other astrophysical objects are available in these archives accessible using an online web service or php protocol. This database is updated regularly, when spectra with restricted access are opened to the community, or after updating the pipeline of the processing. Our spectral analysis to retrieve H2O is composed of cyclic procedures, varying spectral resolution of water vapor cross-section, spectral shift of water vapor cross-section and the total column of water vapor molecules per surface area in line-of-sight for each individual spectra. Seasonal variability of water vapor as well as a preliminary study of its trend above the observatory is possible because of the high quality of the available data. Astronomy can provide valuable past and present observations useful for atmospheric science, and this should be explored further. We are exploring here the possibility to retrieve HDO using similaire technique and extending it to differential methods. Results of our study will be presented here

Search for HDO in the astronomical spectroscopic archives of the Observatoire de Haute-Provence

International audienceAstronomical spectroscopic archives of Observatoire de Haute Provence is a database of high-resolution spectra of astronomical objects (spectral domain: 385 nm to 680 nm; sampling 0.005 nm; resolution: 0.0065 nm) obtained with the Elodie spectrograph on a 193-cm diameter telescope at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5 ° 42' E, +43° 55' N, altitude 681 m). Note that Sophie spectrograph replaced the Elodie Spectrograph in July 2005 and the Sophie archive is also open to the community. More than 20 000 spectra of stars and other astrophysical objects are available in these archives accessible using an online web service or php protocol. This database is updated regularly, when spectra with restricted access are opened to the community, or after updating the pipeline of the processing. Our spectral analysis to retrieve H2O is composed of cyclic procedures, varying spectral resolution of water vapor cross-section, spectral shift of water vapor cross-section and the total column of water vapor molecules per surface area in line-of-sight for each individual spectra. Seasonal variability of water vapor as well as a preliminary study of its trend above the observatory is possible because of the high quality of the available data. Astronomy can provide valuable past and present observations useful for atmospheric science, and this should be explored further. We are exploring here the possibility to retrieve HDO using similaire technique and extending it to differential methods. Results of our study will be presented here

Atmospheric Density and Temperature Vertical Profile Retrieval for Flight-Tests with a Rayleigh Lidar On-Board the French Advanced Test Range Ship Monge

International audienceThe Advanced Test Range Ship Monge (ATRSM) is dedicated to in-flight measurements during the re-entry phase of ballistic missiles test flights. Atmospheric density measurements from 15 to 110 km are provided using one of the world’s largest Rayleigh lidars. This lidar is the culmination of three decades of French research experience in lidar technologies, developed within the framework of the global Network for Detection of Atmospheric and Climate Changes (NDACC), and opens opportunities for high resolution Rayleigh lidar studies above 90 km. The military objective of the ATRSM project is to provide near real time estimates of the atmospheric relative density profile, with an error budget of less than 10% at 90 km altitude, given a temporal integration of 15 min and a vertical resolution of 500 m. To achieve this aim we have developed a unique lidar system which exploits six laser transmitters and a constellation of eight receiving telescopes which maximises the lidar power-aperture product. This system includes a mix of standard commercially available optical components and electronics as well as some innovative technical solutions. We have provided a detailed assessment of some of the more unique aspects of the ATRSM lidar

The impact of Mediterranean oscillations on periodicity and trend of temperature in the valley of the Nisava River: A fourier and wavelet approach

Periodicity of temperature on three stations in the Nisava River valley in period 1949-2014, has been analyzed by means of Fourier and wavelet transforms. Combined periodogram based on fast Fourier transform shows considerable similarity among individual series and identffies significant periods on 2.2, 2.7, 3.3, 5, 6-7, and 8.2 years in all datasets. Wavelet coherence analysis connects strongest 6-7 years spectral component to Mediterranean oscillation, starting in 1980s. Combined periodogram of Mediterranean oscillation index reveals 6-7 years spectral component as a dominant mode in period 1949-2014. Wavelet power spectra and partial combined periodograms show absence of 6-7 years component before 1975, after which this component becomes dominant in the spectrum. Consistency between alternation in temperature trend in the Nisava River valley and change in periodicity of Mediterranean oscillation was found

Gravity Wave Breaking Associated with Mesospheric Inversion Layers as Measured by the Ship-Borne BEM Monge Lidar and ICON-MIGHTI

International audienceDuring a recent 2020 campaign, the Rayleigh lidar aboard the Bâtiment d’Essais et de Mesures (BEM) Monge conducted high-resolution temperature measurements of the upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT). These measurements were used to conduct the first validation of ICON-MIGHTI temperatures by Rayleigh lidar. A double Mesospheric Inversion Layer (MIL) as well as shorter-period gravity waves was observed. Zonal and meridional wind speeds were obtained from locally launched radiosondes and the newly launched ICON satellite as well as from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF-ERA5) reanalysis. These three datasets allowed us to see the evolution of the winds in response to the forcing from the MIL and gravity waves. The wavelet analysis of a case study suggests that the wave energy was dissipated in small, intense, transient instabilities about a given wavenumber in addition to via a broad spectrum of breaking waves. This article will also detail the recent hardware advances of the Monge lidar that have allowed for the measurement of MILs and gravity waves at a resolution of 5 min with an effective vertical resolution of 926

Intercomparisons Between Lidar and Satellite Instruments in the Middle Atmosphere

International audienceThe comparison of ground and ship-based lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature, ozone, and wind to similar measurements made from orbiting satellites is a unique challenge. In this talk we will discuss general challenges associated with (i) determining coincidence by compensating for geographic and temporal offsets, (ii) satellite-lidar sampling errors, and (iii) comparing results made by different techniques. We will show that comparisons of absolute temperature improve when the ground based measurements are compared to a composite satellite profile, created by a weighted average of multiple profiles from one overpass, instead of comparing to the single satellite profile from the closest approach. We discuss the importance of including the variation between consecutive satellite profiles for a given overpass in addition to the given satellite instrument uncertainty when calculating the error budget of the comparisons, even when comparing to single satellite profiles. We demonstrate how comparing lidar and satellite measurements of events such as small-scale fast moving gravity waves over a particular geographic region can be affected by instrument averaging kernels.Illustrative examples we will be showing include lidar measurements made during recent instrument validation campaigns at L'Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP, 43.93 N, 5.71 E), La Réunion (21.17 S, 55.37 E), Hohenpeißenberg Meteorological Observatory (47.80 N, 11.00 E), and onboard the French Navy Research Ship Monge as well as satellite measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), the Sounding of the Atmosphere by Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument (SABER), Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS), and Atmospheric Dynamics Mission Aeolus (Aeolus)

Intercomparisons Between Lidar and Satellite Instruments in the Middle Atmosphere

International audienceThe comparison of ground and ship-based lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature, ozone, and wind to similar measurements made from orbiting satellites is a unique challenge. In this talk we will discuss general challenges associated with (i) determining coincidence by compensating for geographic and temporal offsets, (ii) satellite-lidar sampling errors, and (iii) comparing results made by different techniques. We will show that comparisons of absolute temperature improve when the ground based measurements are compared to a composite satellite profile, created by a weighted average of multiple profiles from one overpass, instead of comparing to the single satellite profile from the closest approach. We discuss the importance of including the variation between consecutive satellite profiles for a given overpass in addition to the given satellite instrument uncertainty when calculating the error budget of the comparisons, even when comparing to single satellite profiles. We demonstrate how comparing lidar and satellite measurements of events such as small-scale fast moving gravity waves over a particular geographic region can be affected by instrument averaging kernels.Illustrative examples we will be showing include lidar measurements made during recent instrument validation campaigns at L'Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP, 43.93 N, 5.71 E), La Réunion (21.17 S, 55.37 E), Hohenpeißenberg Meteorological Observatory (47.80 N, 11.00 E), and onboard the French Navy Research Ship Monge as well as satellite measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), the Sounding of the Atmosphere by Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument (SABER), Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS), and Atmospheric Dynamics Mission Aeolus (Aeolus)