Age influence on mice lung tissue response to <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> chronic exposure

[b]Introduction and objective[/b]. Exposure to conidia of [i]Aspergillus fumigatus[/i] was described as a causative factor of a number of the respiratory system diseases, including asthma, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. The study investigates the effects of the repeated exposure to [i]A. fumigatus[/i] in mice pulmonary compartment. Our work tackles two, so far insufficiently addressed, important aspects of interaction between affected organism and[i] A. fumigatus[/i]: 1) recurrent character of exposure (characteristic for pathomechanism of the abovementioned disease states) and 2) impact of aging, potentially important for the differentiation response to an antigen. [b]Materials and methods[/b]. In order to dissect alterations of the immune system involved with both aging and chronic exposure to [i]A. fumigatus[/i], we used 3- and 18-month-old C57BL/6J mice exposed to repeated[i] A. fumigatus[/i] inhalations for 7 and 28 days. Changes in lung tissue were monitored by histological and biochemical evaluation. Concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in lung homogenates was assessed by ELISA tests. [b]Results and conclusions. [/b]Our study demonstrated that chronic inflammation in pulmonary compartment, characterized by the significant increase of proinflammatory cytokines (IL1, IL6, IL10) levels, was the dominant feature of mice response to repeated [i]A. fumigatus[/i] inhalations. The pattern of cytokines' profile in the course of exposure was similar in both age groups, however in old mice the growth of the cytokines' levels was more pronounced (especially in case of IL1)

Immunomodulatory Properties of Polysaccharide-Rich Young Green Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Extract and Its Structural Characterization

Young green barley (YGB) water extract has revealed a beneficial impact on natural killer (NK) cells&rsquo; ability to recognize and eliminate human colon cancer cells, without any side effects for normal colon epithelial cells. The direct anticancer effect of the tested compounds has been also shown. The mixture of oligosaccharides found in this extract was characterized by chemical analyses and via FT-IR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF MS techniques. The YGB preparation contained 26.9% of proteins and 64.2% of sugars, mostly glucose (54.7%) and fructose (42.7%), with a small amount of mannose (2.6%) and galactose (less than 0.5%). Mass spectrometry analysis of YGB has shown that fructose oligomers contained from 3 to 19 sugar units. The number of fructans was estimated to be about 10.2% of the dry weight basis of YGB. The presented results suggest the beneficial effect of the consumption of preparations based on young barley on the human body, in the field of colon cancer prevention

Health promoting properties of young barley

Terminem „młody jęczmień” określane są sadzonki jęczmienia do 200 godzin od wykiełkowania. Swą olbrzymią popularność młody jęczmień zawdzięcza przede wszystkim zdolności do przyśpieszania przemiany materii i spalania tkanki tłuszczowej. Niemniej jednak dzięki bogactwie składników odżywczych oraz innych substancji o uznanym korzystnym wpływie na organizm człowieka, możliwości jego wykorzystania są znacznie większe. To z jednej strony, z drugiej – brakuje wiarygodnych informacji o wpływie młodego jęczmienia i substancji z niego pozyskiwanych na organizm człowieka. Prezentowana publikacja stanowi podsumowanie istniejącego stanu wiedzy o prozdrowotnych właściwościach młodego jęczmienia. Młody jęczmień jest doskonałym źródłem antyoksydantów, dzięki czemu może zapobiegać chorobom związanym ze stresem oksydacyjnym, w tym m.in. nowotworom czy chorobom neurodegeneracyjnym. Przeciwnowotworowe działanie młodego jęczmienia wiąże się również z jego zdolnością do indukcji apoptozy w komórkach nowotworowych, usprawnianiem mechanizmów naprawy uszkodzeń DNA czy też przeciwdziałaniem aktywacji szlaków sygnałowych odpowiedzialnych za nowotworzenie. Preparaty otrzymywane z młodego jęczmienia wskazywane są także jako panaceum na nadciśnienie, miażdżycę, cukrzycę, reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów, wrzody żołądka czy hipercholesterolemię. Wśród zalet młodego jęczmienia wymienia się również działanie antydepresyjne oraz poprawę zdolności organizmu do radzenia sobie ze stresem. Przyjmowanie młodego jęczmienia jest również zalecane w leczeniu mniej poważnych dolegliwości, takich jak problemy skórne, oparzenia czy nieświeży oddech. Przedstawiony w niniejszym artykule przegląd danych naukowych wskazuje na szerokie spektrum prozdrowotnych właściwości młodego jęczmienia. Niemniej jednak molekularne mechanizmy jego działania wciąż pozostają tajemnicą. W konsekwencji, wskazane jest przeprowadzenie dodatkowych badań celem zgłębienia tego zagadnienia.The term ‘young barley’ refers to the seedlings of barley up to 200 hours after germination. The immense popularity of young barley is due mainly to its ability to accelerate metabolism and the burning of fat. Nevertheless, considering the abundance of nutrients and other substances with acknowledged beneficial effects for the human body, the possibilities of its use are much greater. On the other hand, there is no reliable information about the influence of young barley and derivative substances on the human body. This study summarizes the current state of knowledge about the health-beneficial properties of young barley. Young barley is an excellent source of antioxidants, and consequently can prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. The anticancer effect of young barley is also associated with its ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, improvement in the mechanisms of DNA repair, and prevention of activation of the signaling pathways responsible for carcinogenesis. The preparations obtained from young barley are also indicated as a panacea for hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, stomach ulcers or hypercholesterolaemia. Among the advantages of young barley are also mentioned: the antidepressant effect and improvement the body’s ability to cope with stress. The consumption of young barley is also recommended for the treatment of less serious ailments, such as skin problems, burns or bad breath. The presented review of scientific data revealed a broad spectrum of health-beneficial properties of young barley. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of its action still remain a mystery. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct additional studies to explore this issue

Health promoting properties of cinnamon

Cynamon to nie tylko powszechnie znana przyprawa, ale również stosowany od wieków w różnych zakątkach świata środek leczniczy. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono krótki przegląd informacji na temat prozdrowotnych właściwości cynamonu. W medycynie ludowej cynamon stosowany był głównie jako lekarstwo na dolegliwości układu pokarmowego, antyseptyk, środek przeciwbólowy i wzmacniający organizm, jak również jako lek na przeziębienia. Współcześnie lista prozdrowotnych właściwości cynamonu znacznie się rozszerzyła. Obecnie najwięcej badań prowadzonych jest nad możliwością wykorzystania samego cynamonu lub jego ekstraktów bądź też izolowanych z nich związków w leczeniu cukrzycy, nowotworów i chorób sercowo-naczyniowych. Rozważa się również możliwość wykorzystania cynamonu w terapii Alzheimera.Cinnamon is not only a commonly known spice, but also a medicinal agent which has been used for ages in various parts of the world. A brief overview of information concerning the health promoting properties of cinnamon is presented. In traditional medicine, cinnamon was mostly used as a remedy for digestive ailments as well as an antiseptic, analgesic, agent reinforcing the body and a remedy for colds. Nowadays, the list of cinnamon pro-health properties has significantly expanded. Currently, most studies concern the possibility of using cinnamon or its extracts or compounds isolated from them in the treatment of diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The possibility of using cinnamon in Alzheimer disease therapy is also considered

Health promoting properties of young barley

Terminem „młody jęczmień” określane są sadzonki jęczmienia do 200 godzin od wykiełkowania. Swą olbrzymią popularność młody jęczmień zawdzięcza przede wszystkim zdolności do przyśpieszania przemiany materii i spalania tkanki tłuszczowej. Niemniej jednak dzięki bogactwie składników odżywczych oraz innych substancji o uznanym korzystnym wpływie na organizm człowieka, możliwości jego wykorzystania są znacznie większe. To z jednej strony, z drugiej – brakuje wiarygodnych informacji o wpływie młodego jęczmienia i substancji z niego pozyskiwanych na organizm człowieka. Prezentowana publikacja stanowi podsumowanie istniejącego stanu wiedzy o prozdrowotnych właściwościach młodego jęczmienia. Młody jęczmień jest doskonałym źródłem antyoksydantów, dzięki czemu może zapobiegać chorobom związanym ze stresem oksydacyjnym, w tym m.in. nowotworom czy chorobom neurodegeneracyjnym. Przeciwnowotworowe działanie młodego jęczmienia wiąże się również z jego zdolnością do indukcji apoptozy w komórkach nowotworowych, usprawnianiem mechanizmów naprawy uszkodzeń DNA czy też przeciwdziałaniem aktywacji szlaków sygnałowych odpowiedzialnych za nowotworzenie. Preparaty otrzymywane z młodego jęczmienia wskazywane są także jako panaceum na nadciśnienie, miażdżycę, cukrzycę, reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów, wrzody żołądka czy hipercholesterolemię. Wśród zalet młodego jęczmienia wymienia się również działanie antydepresyjne oraz poprawę zdolności organizmu do radzenia sobie ze stresem. Przyjmowanie młodego jęczmienia jest również zalecane w leczeniu mniej poważnych dolegliwości, takich jak problemy skórne, oparzenia czy nieświeży oddech. Przedstawiony w niniejszym artykule przegląd danych naukowych wskazuje na szerokie spektrum prozdrowotnych właściwości młodego jęczmienia. Niemniej jednak molekularne mechanizmy jego działania wciąż pozostają tajemnicą. W konsekwencji, wskazane jest przeprowadzenie dodatkowych badań celem zgłębienia tego zagadnienia.The term ‘young barley’ refers to the seedlings of barley up to 200 hours after germination. The immense popularity of young barley is due mainly to its ability to accelerate metabolism and the burning of fat. Nevertheless, considering the abundance of nutrients and other substances with acknowledged beneficial effects for the human body, the possibilities of its use are much greater. On the other hand, there is no reliable information about the influence of young barley and derivative substances on the human body. This study summarizes the current state of knowledge about the health-beneficial properties of young barley. Young barley is an excellent source of antioxidants, and consequently can prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. The anticancer effect of young barley is also associated with its ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, improvement in the mechanisms of DNA repair, and prevention of activation of the signaling pathways responsible for carcinogenesis. The preparations obtained from young barley are also indicated as a panacea for hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, stomach ulcers or hypercholesterolaemia. Among the advantages of young barley are also mentioned: the antidepressant effect and improvement the body’s ability to cope with stress. The consumption of young barley is also recommended for the treatment of less serious ailments, such as skin problems, burns or bad breath. The presented review of scientific data revealed a broad spectrum of health-beneficial properties of young barley. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of its action still remain a mystery. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct additional studies to explore this issue

Cytotoxicity induced by cypermethrin in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of Cypermethrin (CM) on cultured human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CM at 0–200µM for 24, 48, and 72 h, in vitro . It was found that CM induced the cell death of Neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as shown by LDH assays. Next, some aspects of the process of cell death triggered by CM in the human SH-SY5Y cell line were investigated. It was revealed that the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh, sensitizes SH-SY5Y cells to necroptosis caused by CM. Furthermore, signal transduction inhibitors PD98059, SL-327, SB202190, SP600125 failed to attenuate the effect of the pesticide. Finally, it was shown that inhibition of TNF-a by Pomalidomide (PLD) caused statistically significant reduction in CM-induced cytotoxicity. Overall, the data obtained suggest that CM induces neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by necroptosis

Chemopreventive properties of young green barley extracts in in vitro model of colon cancer

Introduction and objective Young green barley is the most valuable source of nutrients and bioactive substances. It has a broad spectrum of health-promoting properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic, anti-depressant, anti-atherosclerotic and anticancer. The presented study is an attempt to extend this knowledge with particular emphasis on the possibility of using green barley in colon cancer prevention. Material and methods Extracts were prepared on the basis of two commercial products: ground dried barley grass (YGB INT) and powder of young green barley juice (YGB GW). Their influence on colon epithelial cells (CCD841 CoN) viability and proliferation were analyzed by LDH and MTT assays. Anticancer properties of extracts were screened on colon cancer cell lines (LS180, HT-29) by MTT and BrdU assays. Changes in cells morphology induced by extracts were investigated after May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. Results Tested extracts were not toxic against CCD841 CoN and did not affected their proliferation or morphology (LDH test, MTT test, microscopy observation). The MTT revealed that extracts significantly inhibited proliferation of colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Results of BrdU test confirmed antiproliferative properties of extracts, but opposite to MTT test, indicated YGB GW as a better anticancer agent. Light microscopy observation proved the data obtained from both MTT and BrdU tests and additionally suggested the ability of the extracts to induce necrosis in LS180 and HT-29 cells. Conclusions The study demonstrated that YGB extracts specifically inhibit proliferation of colon cancer cells without any undesirable effect on colon epithelial cells. Obtained results will provide a rationele for the future development of dietary supplements which could be beneficial in colon cancer chemoprevention

Dataset related to the manuscript entitled "Inhalation with Vitamin D3 Metabolites - A Novel Strategy to Restore Vitamin D3 Deficiencies in Lung Tissue"

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The dataset contains the results&nbsp;presented in the manuscript entitled "Inhalation with Vitamin D3 Metabolites - A Novel Strategy to Restore Vitamin D3 Deficiencies in Lung Tissue"&nbsp;Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 10672.&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The presented dataset contains the results of the implementation of the following research project:&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Project title&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;"Assessment of the possibility of using vitamin D3 in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in the course of hypersensitivity pneumonitis - &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; studies"&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Founder&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;National Scientific Center, Poland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Project number&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; UMO-2020/38/E/NZ7/00366&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Principal Investigator&lt;/i&gt;: Marta Kinga Lemieszek&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main investigators:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Michał Chojnacki, Jakub Anisiewicz, Ilona Leśniowska&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Place of project implementation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland&lt;/p&gt

Inhalation with Vitamin D3 Metabolites—A Novel Strategy to Restore Vitamin D3 Deficiencies in Lung Tissue

&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Project title&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;"Assessment of the possibility of using vitamin D3 in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in the course of hypersensitivity pneumonitis - &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; studies"&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Founder&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;National Scientific Center, Poland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Project number&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; UMO-2020/38/E/NZ7/00366&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Principal Investigator&lt;/i&gt;: Marta Kinga Lemieszek&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main investigators:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Michał Chojnacki, Jakub Anisiewicz, Ilona Leśniowska&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Place of project implementation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vitamin D3 deficiency has been recognized as a pandemic with serious health consequences including chronic respiratory diseases. Unfortunately, improvement in this situation by using vitamin D supplementation has failed. The direct delivery of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 and its precursor into the respiratory tract, by nebulization, seemed to be a better option, as verified in the presented study. To induce vitamin D deficiency, mice received a diet with 0.05 IU/g cholecalciferol, while control animals were given feed with 0.5 IU/g cholecalciferol. Vitamin-D-deficient mice were exposed to different doses of calcidiol or calcitriol via nebulization for at least 7 days. At the end of the experiment, whole-body plethysmography was conducted. Pulmonary and serum levels of calcitriol were examined using ELISA. The calcitriol concentrations in mice on standard vs. deficient diet were 30.31/18.20 pg/mg (lungs) and 132.24/98.61 pg/mL (serum), respectively. Restoration of the physiological level of calcitriol in vitamin-D-deficient mice required 1-week exposure to 100 pg/g of calcidiol or 5 pg/g of calcitriol. The inhalations did not cause any side changes in murine respiratory function. The presented study revealed the usefulness and safety of chronic inhalation with a bioactive form of vitamin D3 or its precursor for the restoration of physiological calcitriol levels in animals with vitamin D deficiencies.&lt;/p&gt

Evaluation of anticancer activity of water and juice extracts of young <i>Hordeum vulgare</i> in human cancer cell lines HT-29 and A549

Introduction and objective Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is known as a rich source of different bioactive compounds. At present, considerable attention of researchers is focused on young barley grass. It can be a good source of dietary minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic compounds and proteins. It is possible that the composition of chemical ingredients beneficial for health may induce an anticancer potential of young barley in human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines. Material and Methods Hordeum vulgare water extract (HWE) and Hordeum vulgare juice extract (HJE) were prepared. Cell proliferation and viability were examined with the use of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and NR (neutral red) methods. Induction of necrosis was assessed by propidium iodide/Hoechst staining. Progress of the cell cycle involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and regulation of transcription was estimated using flow cytometry analysis. Additionally, the capability of free radical scavenging was evaluated with the DPPH assay. Results The study revealed that extracts inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells. The NR study confirmed the low cytotoxic activity of the tested extracts to normal human colon epithelial cells (CCD 841 CoTr) and human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Furthermore, a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells, but not A549 cells, has been reported. The free radical scavenging activity was observed in the case of the HWE but not the HJE. Conclusions The obtained results indicate a cancer chemopreventive potential of young barley as a safe dietary agent in colon carcinoma