Computing abuse related damages in the case of new entry: An illustration for the Directory Enquiry Services market

A number of European countries, among which the UK and Spain, have opened up their Directory Enquiry Services (DQs, or 118AB) market to competition. We analyse the Spanish case, where both local and foreign firms challenged the incumbent as of April 2003. We argue that the incumbent had the ability to abuse its dominant position, and that it was a perfectly rational strategy. In short,the incumbent raised its rivals' costs directly by providing an inferior quality version of the (essential) input, namely the incumbent's subscribers' database. We illustrate how it is possible to quantify the effect of abuse in situation were the entrant has no previous history in the market. To do this, we use the UK experience to construct the relevant counterfactual, that is the "but for abuse" scenario. After controlling for relative prices and advertising intensity, we find that one of the foreign entrants achieved a Spanish market share of only half of what it would have been in the absence of abuse.competition policy, abuse of dominance, telecommunications

Inequality for Wage Earners and Self-Employed: Evidence from Panel Data

Published as an article in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2009, vol. 71, issue 4, pages 491-518.transitory income inequality, consumption, permanent income inequality, self-employment, panel data

Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children

We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 2 in 10 patients: IFN-alpha 2 only in three, IFN-alpha 2 plus IFN-omega in five, and IFN-alpha 2, IFN-omega plus IFN-beta in two; IFN-omega only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-alpha 2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-omega in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-. only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-omega and/or IFN-alpha 2

Computing abuse related damages in the case of new entry: An illustration for the Directory Enquiry Services market

A number of European countries, among which the UK and Spain, have opened up their Directory Enquiry Services (DQs, or 118AB) market to competition. We analyse the Spanish case, where both local and foreign firms challenged the incumbent as of April 2003. We argue that the incumbent had the ability to abuse its dominant position, and that it was a perfectly rational strategy. In short,the incumbent raised its rivals' costs directly by providing an inferior quality version of the (essential) input, namely the incumbent's subscribers' database. We illustrate how it is possible to quantify the effect of abuse in situation were the entrant has no previous history in the market. To do this, we use the UK experience to construct the relevant counterfactual, that is the "but for abuse" scenario. After controlling for relative prices and advertising intensity, we find that one of the foreign entrants achieved a Spanish market share of only half of what it would have been in the absence of abuse

Project-Based Learning and the Acquisition of Competencies and Knowledge Transfer in Higher Education

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the body of knowledge about project-based learning (PBL) methodology in higher education by describing and analysing interrelations between competencies, and their contribution to knowledge transfer (KT) and students’ rating of the project. The sample consisted of 464 students from the Universities of Huelva (N = 347; 74.8%) and Murcia (N = 117; 25.2%), enrolled in the second year of a degree in either Infant or Primary Education. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire comprising a total of 53 items measuring general, specific, and transversal competencies, as well as students’ rating of the project. Competencies were selected from the course programmes for the degrees in Infant and Primary Education. Preliminary results showed that competencies were moderately to highly acquired after PBL, and that students reported notable KT as well as a positive assessment of the project. KT showed a high degree of association with students’ ratings and was established as a key factor in learning and learner satisfaction in higher education

Proyecto de globalización

Se desarrolla una experiencia con estudiantes del primer ciclo de EGB basada en talleres. Los objetivos son centralizar el material específico; conseguir una mayor motivación; fomentar el desarrollo integral del niño a través de la música, plástica, psicomotricidad y expresión corporal; realizar actividades que normalmente quedan al margen de la escuela como cocina, costura o tapices; y conseguir un mayor respeto por el material mediante la socialización del mismo. Los talleres son de Cuentos, Medir y Contar, Colores, Mi cuerpo, Juegos y Experimentos..Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de EducaciónMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Coloring techniques and artistic finishes applied to Concrete Sculpture: technical development and samples for face-to-face and virtual teaching

El proyecto 339 es un proyecto docente y de investigación basado en la elaboración de un muestrario de esculturas realizadas en hormigón con distintos colores empleando diversas técnicas y acabados. Surge de la necesidad observada por el profesorado de tener este recurso educativo en el aula. No existe nada parecido en nuestra facultad de este material y será de gran utilidad en la docencia. El muestrario servirá para facilitar un aprendizaje más amplio sobre esta técnica por parte del alumnado del Departamento de Escultura de la Facultad Bellas Artes. Este muestrario será tanto físico como en formato digital, y servirá para la docencia presencial y virtual respectivamente. Tener éste en formato digital ayudará en caso de necesitarlo para la docencia online.The 339 project is a teaching and research project based on the development of a sample of sculptures made of concrete with different colors using various techniques and finishes. It arises from the need observed by teachers to have this educational resource in the classroom. There is nothing similar in our faculty for this material and it will be very useful in teaching. The sample book will serve to facilitate a broader learning about this technique by the students of the Department of Sculpture of the Faculty of Fine Arts. This sampler will be both physical and in digital format, and will be used for face-to-face and virtual teaching respectively. Having it in digital format will help if you need it for online teaching.Depto. de Escultura y Formación ArtísticaFac. de Bellas ArtesFALSEFrancisco Gómez Jarillosubmitte

Proyecto San Juan

El trabajo obtuvo un Premio Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso académico 2016/2017. Modalidad BSe presenta un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Matías Ramón Martínez de Burguillos del Cerro (Badajoz) en torno a la antigua Iglesia de San Juan Bautista, que actualmente es el centro de interpretación de la Orden del Temple y que fue antigüo templo religioso de varias religiones. El proyecto pretende sensibilizar al alumnado de la importancia del patrimonio cultural y artístico, promover el conocimiento desde distintos puntos de vista de las culturas que coexistían en la Edad Media y su aportación al conocimiento actual, analizar la sociedad actual y la medieval y ver como los valores de igualdad y tolerancia han evolucionado. Finalmente se utilizaron estos conocimientos para el emprendimiento, creando una empresa de promoción turísticaExtremaduraES

Unexpected relevant role of gene mosaicism in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases.

Postzygotic de novo mutations lead to the phenomenon of gene mosaicism. The 3 main types are called somatic, gonadal, and gonosomal mosaicism, which differ in terms of the body distribution of postzygotic mutations. Mosaicism has been reported occasionally in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) since the early 1990s, but its real involvement has not been systematically addressed. We sought to investigate the incidence of gene mosaicism in patients with PIDs. The amplicon-based deep sequencing method was used in the 3 parts of the study that establish (1) the allele frequency of germline variants (n = 100), (2) the incidence of parental gonosomal mosaicism in families with PIDs with de novo mutations (n = 92), and (3) the incidence of mosaicism in families with PIDs with moderate-to-high suspicion of gene mosaicism (n = 36). Additional investigations evaluated body distribution of postzygotic mutations, their stability over time, and their characteristics. The range of allele frequency (44.1% to 55.6%) was established for germline variants. Those with minor allele frequencies of less than 44.1% were assumed to be postzygotic. Mosaicism was detected in 30 (23.4%) of 128 families with PIDs, with a variable minor allele frequency (0.8% to 40.5%). Parental gonosomal mosaicism was detected in 6 (6.5%) of 92 families with de novo mutations, and a high incidence of mosaicism (63.9%) was detected among families with moderate-to-high suspicion of gene mosaicism. In most analyzed cases mosaicism was found to be both uniformly distributed and stable over time. This study represents the largest performed to date to investigate mosaicism in patients with PIDs, revealing that it affects approximately 25% of enrolled families. Our results might have serious consequences regarding treatment and genetic counseling and reinforce the use of next-generation sequencing-based methods in the routine analyses of PIDs