Algunas convenciones del teatro calderoniano en los libretos de Apostolo Zeno

En los libretos de Apostolo Zeno se encuentran múltiples convenciones compartidas con la dramaturgia calderoniana que resultan sorprendentes en el detractor del Barroco y reformador racionalista de la opera seria: correlaciones, parlamentos oníricos, intervenciones «al acaso»... Aunque algunas podrían ser comunes a terceros autores, se puede considerar la hipótesis de que Zeno conociera de primera mano la obra de Calderón. Para probarla hemos considerado la coincidencia de algunos de los asuntos tratados por ambos y la presencia en la biblioteca privada de Zeno de un volumen de autos del español, pero sobre todo hemos rastreado los libretos en busca de estos correlatos calderonianos. A la luz de los múltiples ejemplos, cabe excluir el azar como explicación: Zeno recurre en la práctica teatral a aquellos elementos calderonianos que han demostrado en múltiples ocasiones su validez, siempre que no estén en contradicción con las condiciones de la reforma racionalista.Apostolo Zeno’s libretti have many conventions in common with Calderón’s dramaturgy: «correlaciones», dreaming speeches, interventions «al acaso»... This is unexpected in such a detractor of Baroque as the rationalist reformer of opera seria. Though some of them can be shared with other authors, it is possible to hypothesize that Zeno had direct contact with Calderón’s work. In order to prove this, we have considered the coincidence of some plots and the presence of a volume of Calderón’s Autos in Zeno’s private library, but we have examined in particular his own libretti in search of these conventions which are parallel to Calderón’s. We may exclude hazard as an explanation: Zeno returns to certain elements of Calderón’s style which had proven their effectiveness, at least when they are not in contradiction with the main conditions of the rationalist reform of his time

Algunas convenciones del teatro calderoniano en los libretos de Apostolo Zeno

En los libretos de Apostolo Zeno se encuentran múltiples convenciones compartidas con la dramaturgia calderoniana que resultan sorprendentes en el detractor del Barroco y reformador racionalista de la opera seria: correlaciones, parlamentos oníricos, intervenciones «al acaso»... Aunque algunas podrían ser comunes a terceros autores, se puede considerar la hipótesis de que Zeno conociera de primera mano la obra de Calderón. Para probarla hemos considerado la coincidencia de algunos de los asuntos tratados por ambos y la presencia en la biblioteca privada de Zeno de un volumen de autos del español, pero sobre todo hemos rastreado los libretos en busca de estos correlatos calderonianos. A la luz de los múltiples ejemplos, cabe excluir el azar como explicación: Zeno recurre en la práctica teatral a aquellos elementos calderonianos que han demostrado en múltiples ocasiones su validez, siempre que no estén en contradicción con las condiciones de la reforma racionalista.Apostolo Zeno’s libretti have many conventions in common with Calderón’s dramaturgy: «correlaciones», dreaming speeches, interventions «al acaso»... This is unexpected in such a detractor of Baroque as the rationalist reformer of opera seria. Though some of them can be shared with other authors, it is possible to hypothesize that Zeno had direct contact with Calderón’s work. In order to prove this, we have considered the coincidence of some plots and the presence of a volume of Calderón’s Autos in Zeno’s private library, but we have examined in particular his own libretti in search of these conventions which are parallel to Calderón’s. We may exclude hazard as an explanation: Zeno returns to certain elements of Calderón’s style which had proven their effectiveness, at least when they are not in contradiction with the main conditions of the rationalist reform of his time

Intratumoral nanoplexed poly I:C BO-112 in combination with systemic anti–PD-1 for patients with anti–PD-1–refractory tumors

Intratumoral therapies, especially Toll-like receptor agonists, can trigger both the innate and adaptive immune systems. BO-112 is a nanoplexed form of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) that induces local and systemic immunotherapeutic effects in mouse models. In a multicenter phase 1 clinical trial, repeated intratumoral administrations of BO-112 induced an increase in tumor cell necrosis and apoptosis, as well as augmented immune reactivity according to gene expression profiling. The first three cohorts receiving BO-112 as a monotherapy resulted in a recommended dose of 1 mg that could be safely repeated. Two grade 3 to 4 adverse reactions in the form of reversible thrombocytopenia were reported. In a fourth cohort of 28 patients with tumors that had primary resistance to anti–programmed cell death protein–1 (PD-1), the combination of intratumoral BO-112 with nivolumab or pembrolizumab was also well tolerated, and 3 patients (2 with melanoma and 1 with renal cell carcinoma) achieved partial responses, with 10 more patients having stable disease at 8 to 12 weeks. Thus, local BO-112 combined with a systemic anti–PD-1 agent might be a strategy to revert anti–PD-1 resistanc