1,067 research outputs found
Improving Annotations in Digital Documents
Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενοAnnotation plays a major role in a user’s reading of a document: from
elementary school students making notes on text books to professors marking up
their latest research papers. A common place for annotations to appear is in the
margin of a document. Surprisingly, there is little systematic knowledge of how,
why and when annotations are written in margins or over the main text. This paper
investigates how margin size impacts the ease with which documents can be
annotated, and user annotation behavior. The research comprises of a two part
investigation: first, a paper study that examines margins and their use in physical
documents; secondly, we evaluate document reader software that supports an extended
margin for annotation in digital documents
Changes in phenology and abundance of suction‐trapped Diptera from a farmland site in the UK over four decades
1. Recently documented insect declines have caused major concerns and an increased interest in studies using long-term population-monitoring data.
2. Samples from a 12.2-m suction trap were used to examine trends in phenology and abundance of Diptera over four decades.
3. The timing of peak flight has advanced by an average of 17 days, from 23 July in 1974 to 6 July in 2014.
4. The abundance of flies has decreased by 37% over the studied period (from April to September), and peak abundance has decreased by 48%. The flight period has started earlier in recent years, and in 2014, the number of flies was higher in spring until the 31st of May than in 1974. Possible causes and impacts of these changes are discussed
An exploration of ebook selection behavior in academic library collections
Academic libraries have offered ebooks for some time, however little is known about how readers interact with them while making relevance decisions. In this paper we seek to address that gap by analyzing ebook transaction logs for books in a university library
Making High T Higher: A Theoretical Proposal
There is considerable evidence that the highest obtainable in a
copper-oxide plane is limitted by the competition between two effects: On the
one hand, as the concentration of doped-holes, , is increased, the pairing
scale, which is related to the properties of a doped Mott insulator, decreases.
On the otherhand, the superfluid density, which controls the stiffness of the
system to phase fluctuations, vanishes as , and increases with
increasing . Optimal is obtained at a crossover from a phase ordering
dominated regime at small to a pairing dominated regime at large . If
this description is valid, then higher 's can be obtained in an array of
coupled planes with different doped hole concentrations, such that a high
pairing scale is derived from the underdoped planes and a large phase stiffness
from the optimally or overdoped ones.Comment: 6 page
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Penetrating radiation impact on NIF final optic components
Goal of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is to achieve thermonuclear ignition in a laboratory environment in inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This will enable NIF to service the DOE stockpile stewardship management program, inertial fusion energy goals, and advance scientific frontiers. All of these applications will make use of the extreme conditions that the facility will create in the target chamber. In the case of a prospected 20 MJ yield scenario, NIF will produce 10{sup 19} neutrons with DT fusion 14 MeV energy per neutron. There will also be high-energy x rays as well as solid, liquid, and gaseous target debris produced either directly or indirectly by the inertial confinement fusion process. A critical design issue is the protection of the final optical components as well as sophisticated target diagnostics in such a harsh environment
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Neutron and gamma irradiated optical property changes for the final optics of the National Ignition Facility
Based on studies the authors have performed with several radiation sources such as pulsed nuclear reactors, they have been able to construct a physical picture and measure quantitative parameters necessary to model the radiation-induced losses expected for fused silica and fused quartz National Ignition Facility (NIF) target area. It is important to note that these surrogate radiation sources do not have identical temporal and spectral characteristics to NIF, therefore caution is in order since the results obtained to date must be extrapolated somewhat to predict NIF performance
A log analysis study of 10 years of ebook consumption in academic library collections
Even though libraries have been offering eBooks for more than a decade, very little is known about eBook access and consumption in academic library collections. This paper addresses this gap with a log analysis study of eBook access at the library of the University of Waikato. This in-depth analysis covers a period spanning 10 years of eBook use at this university. We draw conclusions about the use of eBooks at this institution and compare the results with other published studies of eBook usage at tertiary institutes
No V-Fe-Zn isotopic variation in basalts from the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption
The Earth’s mantle is chemically heterogeneous in space and time, which is often reflected by variable isotopic compositions of mantle derived basalts. Basalts from the first 40 days of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption, Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, display systematic temporal variations in the ratios of incompatible elements alongside resolvable variations in Sr, Nd and Pb radiogenic isotopes. These variations reflect progressive influx of magma derived from melting of a deeper, more enriched and potentially lithologically distinct source. We use this eruptive time series to conduct the first combined V-Fe-Zn isotope study, exploring the sensitivity of the combined isotopic approach, with particular focus on fingerprinting source lithological heterogeneity. We find no analytically resolvable change in V (δ51VAA between −0.95 ± 0.09 ‰ 2 s.d. and −0.86 ± 0.07 ‰ 2 s.d.), Fe (δ56FeIRMM-524 between +0.047 ± 0.042 ‰ 2 s.d. and +0.094 ± 0.049 ‰ 2 s.d.) and Zn (δ66ZnAA-ETH between −0.042 ± 0.003 ‰ 2 s.d. and +0.013 ± 0.027 ‰ 2 s.d.) isotopic compositions. The lack of variability in V-Fe-Zn isotopes, despite the evolving trace element and radiogenic isotope ratios, suggests there is no significant contribution of melts from a lithologically distinct (pyroxenite) mantle component under the Reykjanes Peninsula
Angular dependence of domain wall resistivity in SrRuO films
is a 4d itinerant ferromagnet (T 150 K) with
stripe domain structure. Using high-quality thin films of SrRuO we study
the resistivity induced by its very narrow ( nm) Bloch domain walls,
(DWR), at temperatures between 2 K and T as a function of the
angle, , between the electric current and the ferromagnetic domains
walls. We find that which provides the first experimental
indication that the angular dependence of spin accumulation contribution to DWR
is . We expect magnetic multilayers to exhibit a similar
behavior.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
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