MISE EN PLACE D’UN MODÈLE QUALITATIF POUR LA CARTOGRAPHIE DES ZONES À RISQUE D'ÉROSION HYDRIQUE DANS LA CHAÎNE ATLASIQUE: CAS DU BASSIN VERSANT DE LA TESSAOUTE AMONT. (HAUT ATLAS CENTRAL, MAROC)

The catchment areas of the Atlas chain are threatened by water erosion phenomena that can degrade soil quality and cause siltation of potential dams. The objective of this current study is to develop a methodology using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). This serves to map areas at risk of water erosion in the watershed upstream Tessaoute (High Atlas of Morocco). In addition to produce potential erosion risk map that can be used as a tool for land planning. To conduct this study, we’ve chosen to apply on our watershed qualitative model, based on the model proposed by the Bissonnais (2002) and amended by Abaoui et al (2005), as it is applied in the region High Atlas by Bachaoui et al (2007) and Maimouni et al (2012). Through this model the sensitivity of land to erosion is assessed from the sum of the features attributed to classes of three parameters: the land, the friability of materials and the degree of slope. The methodology presented is to integrate in a GIS environment, the three main factors controlling the erosion which enables the establishment of a qualitative model for mapping soil sensitivity to water erosion. The potential erosion risk map derived therefrom shows four areas of vulnerability to water erosion: low, medium, high and very high

CARACTERISATION PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE ET ESTIMATION DE LA STABILITE STRUCTURALE DES SOLS AGRICOLES DE LA REGION SIDI RAHAL, SAHEL (CHAOUIA COTIERE, MAROC)

The aim of this study is to characterize and evaluate the physical and chemical quality of agricultural soils irrigated with water from wells in the region of Sidi Rahal, Sahel (coastal Chaouia, Morocco). Thus, thirty soil samples (0 to 20cm of depth) was randomly taked from three agricultural stations and were treated for various physicochemical analyzes (texture, pH, organic matter, calcareous rate, structural stability). The results show siltysand soils with homogeneous texture, moderately basic pH (7.89 to 8.20), and 15.85% as carbonate rate. The organic material ranges from 0.3 to 2.5, the structural stability dry up and under water showed that those soils are usually unstable with a mean weight diameter (MWD) which ranges from 0.21 to 1.31 and stability index (SI) varying from 10.49 to 67.85

MISE EN PLACE D’UN MODÈLE QUALITATIF POUR LA CARTOGRAPHIE DES ZONES À RISQUE D'ÉROSION HYDRIQUE DANS LA CHAÎNE ATLASIQUE: CAS DU BASSIN VERSANT DE LA TESSAOUTE AMONT. (HAUT ATLAS CENTRAL, MAROC)

The catchment areas of the Atlas chain are threatened by water erosion phenomena that can degrade soil quality and cause siltation of potential dams. The objective of this current study is to develop a methodology using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). This serves to map areas at risk of water erosion in the watershed upstream Tessaoute (High Atlas of Morocco). In addition to produce potential erosion risk map that can be used as a tool for land planning. To conduct this study, we’ve chosen to apply on our watershed qualitative model, based on the model proposed by the Bissonnais (2002) and amended by Abaoui et al (2005), as it is applied in the region High Atlas by Bachaoui et al (2007) and Maimouni et al (2012). Through this model the sensitivity of land to erosion is assessed from the sum of the features attributed to classes of three parameters: the land, the friability of materials and the degree of slope. The methodology presented is to integrate in a GIS environment, the three main factors controlling the erosion which enables the establishment of a qualitative model for mapping soil sensitivity to water erosion. The potential erosion risk map derived therefrom shows four areas of vulnerability to water erosion: low, medium, high and very high

CARACTERISATION PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE ET ESTIMATION DE LA STABILITE STRUCTURALE DES SOLS AGRICOLES DE LA REGION SIDI RAHAL, SAHEL (CHAOUIA COTIERE, MAROC)

The aim of this study is to characterize and evaluate the physical and chemical quality of agricultural soils irrigated with water from wells in the region of Sidi Rahal, Sahel (coastal Chaouia, Morocco). Thus, thirty soil samples (0 to 20cm of depth) was randomly taked from three agricultural stations and were treated for various physicochemical analyzes (texture, pH, organic matter, calcareous rate, structural stability). The results show siltysand soils with homogeneous texture, moderately basic pH (7.89 to 8.20), and 15.85% as carbonate rate. The organic material ranges from 0.3 to 2.5, the structural stability dry up and under water showed that those soils are usually unstable with a mean weight diameter (MWD) which ranges from 0.21 to 1.31 and stability index (SI) varying from 10.49 to 67.85

QUALITE PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE DES SOLS AGRICOLES DE LA REGION DE L’OULJA ENTRE SIDI ABED ET OULAD GHANEM (SAHEL DES DOUKKALA, MAROC)

The present work is a contribution to the characterization of agricultural soils in the region of Oulja (Sahel Doukkala) between Sidi Abed and Oulad Ghanem. This region is considered as a very important agricultural center, known nationally for its high potential of maraichere culture. However, once the plots are destined to these last, they know a significant regression, probably related to changes in soil quality. Therefore, a sampling compaign was done in October 2014 in three stations, in order to evaluate the agronomic quality of soil in the region. Soil quality has been appreciated through some physical and chemical indicators to know: pH, organic matter, calcium carbonates and structural stability in dry and in water. Results indicate that the pH is basic with grades ranging from 8.2 to 8.4 on average, calcium carbonate rates are high in the various stations and greatly exceed 23%, organic matter contents ranging on average of 2.5% to 4.11%, rate of unstable aggregation in water remains below 30%

Les lixiviats de la décharge de déchets urbains de la ville de Casablanca (Maroc), une pollution annoncée

Municipal solid waste (MSW) from the city of Casablanca (approximately 3 800 tonnes per day), containing 70% of organic matter (OM) has been stockpiled in a local landfill since 1986. The unsealed bottom of the landfill is a faulted quartzite formation in which unconfined groundwater flows and from which people draw water for farming and for human consumption. The leachate from the landfill has a high metallic content (lead: 0.5 milligrammes per litre) and a high daily flow estimated to be 1 400 m3 per day. It originates from the water contained in the organic matter, seeping into the aquifer and polluting it. It flows through a mainly agricultural area towards the city along the fault lines of the quartzite formation. Its environmental impact becomes more important due to the increase of its quantity produced by more stockpiled MSW, and occurring of drought.Les déchets urbains produits par la ville Casablanca (environ 3 800 t/j), composes à 70 % de matières fermentescibles, sont stockés depuis 1986 dans des carrières proches. Le substratum de la décharge est constitué par des quartzites fracturées. Il n’a pas été étanchéifié. Les lixiviats, avec des concentrations enlevées en métaux (plomb : 0,5 mg/l) et de forts débits journaliers estimés à 1 400 m3/j, liés en grande partie à l’eau contenue dans la matière fermentescible, s’infiltrent dans l’aquifère et le polluent. L’avancement du front de la pollution se fait en direction de la ville, dans une zone à vocation agricole, suivant un drain lié à des failles de la formation quartzitique qui constitue le substratum de la décharge

Rubella associated with hemophagocytic syndrome. First report in a male and review of the literature

<p>A 22-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever, skin rash and epistaxis. Physical examination revealed fever (39.5°C), generalized purpura, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Blood tests showed pancytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed hemophagocytosis with no evidence of malignant cells. Anti rubella IgM antibody were positif and the IgG titers increased from 16 to 50 UI/mL in 3 days. Therefore, he was diagnosed to have rubella-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. We report herein the first case in a man and the sixth case of rubella-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in the literature by search in Pub Med till March 2012.</p&gt

Epidemiology and disease burden of tuberculosis in south of Tunisia over a 22-year period: Current trends and future projections.

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem worldwide. Characterizing its trends over time is a useful tool for decision-makers to assess the efficiency of TB control programs. We aimed to give an update on the current chronological trends of TB in Southern Tunisia from 1995 to 2016 and to estimate future trajectories of TB epidemic by 2030.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data of all notified TB new cases by the Center of Tuberculosis Control between 1995 and 2016 in South of Tunisia. Joinpoint Regression Analysis was performed to analyze chronological trends and annual percentage changes (APC) were estimated.ResultsIn the past 22 years, a total of 2771 cases of TB were notified in Southern Tunisia. The annual incidence rate of TB was 13.91/100,000 population/year. There was a rise in all forms of TB incidence (APC = 1.63) and in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) (APC = 2.04). The incidence of TB increased in children and adult females between 1995 and 2016 (APC = 4.48 and 2.37, respectively). The annual number of TB declined in urban districts between 2004 and 2016 (APC = -2.85). Lymph node TB cases increased (APC = 4.58), while annual number of urogenital TB decreased between 1995 and 2016 (APC = -3.38). Projected incidence rates would increase to 18.13 and 11.8/100,000 population in 2030 for global TB and EPTB, respectively.ConclusionsOur study highlighted a rise in all forms of TB and among high-risk groups, notably children, females and lymph node TB patients in the last two decades and up to the next one