Soroprevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em indivíduos com evidência clínica de hepatite em Goiânia, Goiás: detecção do DNA viral e determinação dos subtipos

The presence of serological markers for hepatitis B virus (HBsAg, anti-HBc IgM and Anti-HBc total) was investigated in the serum of 1,396 individuals who had clinical suspect of hepatitis. It was observed that 50.7% of the individuals were positive and, from the total of the studied individuals, 14.5% were positive for HBsAg. From these, 8.5% were also positive for anti-HBc IgM. The analysis in relation to gender showed a higher seroprevalence index among male individuals (p < 0.0001). It was observed the occurrence of subtypes adw2 (62.7%), ayw3 (23.5%), ayw2 (9.8%) and adw4 (3.9%). The viral DNA was detected in 61 (33.9%) HBsAg positive samples and in one sample positive only for anti-HBc total. These results indicate an important incidence of the HBV infection in this population, and reinforce previous studies regarding this virus in the central west region of Brazil.Investigou-se a presença dos marcadores sorológicos AgHBs, anti-HBc IgM e anti-HBc total no soro de 1.396 indivíduos com suspeita clínica de hepatite. Observou-se uma soroprevalência para a infecção pelo VHB de 50,7%, sendo que do total dos 1.396 indivíduos, 14,5% eram positivos para AgHBs e 8,5% eram também positivos para anti-HBc IgM, tendo ainda sido observado que a soroprevalência foi maior em indivíduos do sexo masculino (p < 0,0001). Por subtipagem foram identificados os seguintes subtipos: adw2 (62,7%), ayw3 (23,5%), ayw2 (9,8%) e adw4 (3,9%). O DNA viral foi detectado em 61 (33,9%) amostras positivas para o AgHBs e em uma amostra positiva somente para anti-HBc total. Estes resultados indicam importante índice de ocorrência da infecção pelo VHB nesta população e reforça dados de estudos anteriores a respeito da importante circulação do vírus na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil

Epidemiological features of rotavirus infection in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, from 1986 to 2000

A total of 2,605 faecal specimens from children up to 10 years old with or without diarrhoea were collected. Samples were obtained from 1986 to 2000 in hospitals, outpatient clinics and day-care centers in Goiânia, Goiás. Two methodologies for viral detection were utilized: a combined enzyme immunoassay for rotavirus and adenovirus and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results showed 374 (14.4%) faecal specimens positive for Rotavirus A, most of them collected from hospitalized children. A significant detection rate of rotavirus during the period from April to August, dry season in Goiânia, and different frequencies of viral detection throughout the years of study were also observed. Rotavirus was significantly related to hospitalization and to diarrhoeal illness in children up to 24 months old. This study reinforces the importance of rotavirus as a cause of diarrhoea in children and may be important in regards to the implementation of rotavirus vaccination strategies in our country