On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia), with a Focus on Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Nephtyidae, Polynoidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, and the Holoplanktonic Families

Este artículo contiene 65 páginas, 26 figuras, 1 tabla.Phyllodocida is a clade of errantiate annelids characterized by having ventral sensory palps, anterior enlarged cirri, axial muscular proboscis, compound chaetae (if present) with a single ligament, and of lacking dorsolateral folds. Members of most families date back to the Carboniferous, although the earliest fossil was dated from the Devonian. Phyllodocida holds 27 well-established and morphologically homogenous clades ranked as families, gathering more than 4600 currently accepted nominal species. Among them, Syllidae and Polynoidae are the most specious polychaete groups. Species of Phyllodocida are mainly found in the marine benthos, although a few inhabit freshwater, terrestrial and planktonic environments, and occur from intertidal to deep waters in all oceans. In this review, we (1) explore the current knowledge on species diversity trends (based on traditional species concept and molecular data), phylogeny, ecology, and geographic distribution for the whole group, (2) try to identify the main knowledge gaps, and (3) focus on selected families: Alciopidae, Goniadidae, Glyceridae, Iospilidae, Lopadorrhynchidae, Polynoidae, Pontodoridae, Nephtyidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Yndolaciidae. The highest species richness is concentrated in European, North American, and Australian continental shelves (reflecting a strong sampling bias). While most data come from shallow coastal and surface environments most world oceans are clearly under-studied. The overall trends indicate that new descriptions are constantly added through time and that less than 10% of the known species have molecular barcode information availableWe acknowledge support of the publication fees by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI) and the Open Access Publication Funds of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. This research was funded by the Spanish “Agencia Estatal de Investigación” (AEI) and the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER), Research Project PopCOmics (CTM2017-88080) to DM; the Russian Scientific Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. RFBR 18-05-00459 to TAB; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), contract foreseen in the Decree-Law 57/2016 (Nrs 4-6, art. 23), changed by Law 57/2017 to AR and FCT/MCTES to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) through national funds; São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), fellowship proc. 2007/53040-9 to MVF; Spanish MINECO, AEI, Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Baleares, European Social Funds and Ramón y Cajal program, RYC-2016-20799 to MC; FCT and ESF (SFRH/BD/131527/2017) through a PhD grant to MALT.Peer reviewe

Glycera tridactyla Schmarda 1861

<i>Glycera tridactyla</i> Schmarda, 1861 <p>(Figs 7, 10 F)</p> <p> <i>Glycera tridactyla</i> Schmarda, 1861: 97; pl. 30, fig. 238; textfigs a–b, k. Synonyms see Böggemann 2002</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.47198, MI QLD 2376 (3), cs/32/113/2.1/1.4, cs/25/121/2.4/1.6. cs/25/116/1.9/1.2; AM W.47199, MI QLD 2422 (12), cs/31.5/122/2.3/1.4, cs/29/117/2.2/1.6, cs/27.5/117/2.2/1.5, cs/22.5/121/1.9/1.3, af/23/ 105/2.2/1.7, af/15/60/2.3/1.7, af/13/51/1.8/1.2, af/11/50/2.0/1.2, mf/4/14/1.9/0.9, pf/15/50/1.7/0.9, pf/10.5/60/2.0/ 1.1, pf/10/36/1.3/0.7; AM W.47202, MI QLD 2429 (7), cs/27/120/2.0/1.3, cs/26/112/1.9/1.2, cs/21/113/2.0/1.4, cs/ 20/111/2.0/1.5, cs/20/108/1.7/1.0, af/25/112/2.0/1.3, af/17/82/1.9/1.2; AM W.44815, MI QLD 2429, af/10.5/48/2.0/ 1.3; AM W.44847, MI QLD 2422, cs/22/118/1.8/1.1; AM W.45847, MI QLD 2422 (6), cs/34/118/2.0/1.3, cs/25.5/ 102/1.5/1.0, cs/24/114/1.9/1.2, cs/23/106/1.3/0.9, af/17/70/1.7/1.2, af/16.5/77/1.6/1.1; AM W.47222, MI QLD 2422 (2), af/20.5/71/1.8/1.1, af/17/71/1.9/1.2; AM W.45848, MI QLD 2429 (few), cs/25.5/120/2.0/1.3, cs/23/117/2.0/1.5, cs/18/93/1.9/1.1; AM W.28585, Lizard Island, 100 m off eastern end of Mangrove Beach, medium sand, 3 m, small hand-held corer from SCUBA, 30 Sep 1978, cs/36/119/2.0/1.4; AM W. 46215, 100 m off eastern end of Mangrove Beach, undulating sand, filamentous algae, 3 m, 11 Sep 1978, cs/31/114/1.8/1.0; AM W. 46216, 100 m off eastern end of Mangrove Beach, undulating sand, filamentous algae, 3 m, 11 Sep 1978, cs/37/125/3.0/2.3, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W. 46217, 100 m off eastern end of Mangrove Beach, undulating sand, filamentous algae, 3 m, 11 Sep 1978, cs/35/113/2.2/1.5; AM W.28587, Lizard Island Group, lagoon entrance between Bird Islet and Trawler Beach, fine sand bottom with many mounds & hollows, 15.2 m, 5 Oct 1978, af/9/ca.34/ca.2.2/ca.1.4, mf/10/26/2.7/ 1.8, pf/19/50/2.1/1.6; AM W.46210 (several), Lizard Island Group, halfway between Mangrove Beach and South Island, fine sediment, 10 m, small hand-held corer from SCUBA, 30 Sep 1978, cs/26/101/1.7/1.1, af/29/92/1.8/1.2, af/10/38/1.5/1.0; AM W.47223, same, af/24/84/2.2/1.7, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.47209, Lizard Island Group, Blue Lagoon, 3 m, 24 Jul 1979, cs/7/62/1.0/0.7; AM W.46212 (several), Lizard Island Group, 250 m eastsouth-east of Palfrey Island, south end of lagoon, very fine sticky sediment, 12 m, human dredge by hand from SCUBA, 12 Oct 1978, cs/45/121/2.4/1.5, cs/24/108/1.6/1.0, af/26/99/2.0/1.4, af/11/43/1.9/1.3.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly with terminal fingernail structure with short stalk and same longitudinal ridges on nail; ailerons with triangular bases; parapodia of mid-body with slender triangular notopodial and shorter, more or less rounded neuropodial postchaetal lobes; simple, digitiform branchiae, situated termino-dorsally on parapodia, from anterior to near posterior end.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body up to 45 mm long with up to 125 chaetigers. Mid-body segments bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 13–15 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 7 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with three types of papillae: 1. numerous papillae with terminal fingernail structure on posterior surface, with short stalk and some longitudinal ridges on nail; 2. less numerous and slightly shorter conical papillae; 3. isolated, broader, oval to globular papillae without ridges (Figs 7 B, 10F). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with triangular base (Fig. 7 C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 7 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes of about same length; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe shorter than neuropodial one. Two shorter postchaetal lobes; anteriorly both lobes rounded; in following parapodia notopodial lobe elongated and slender triangular, distinctly longer than rounded, at first sometimes also slightly blunt triangular neuropodial lobe; notopodial lobe in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia notopodial lobe generally shorter. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, conical to oval; inserted on body wall slightly above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobe; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated medio-ventrally on parapodia. Branchiae non-retractile, simple, digitiform (Fig. 7 F–J); starting from about 21th to 32nd parapodium to near posterior end; situated termino-dorsally on parapodia; best developed in mid-body region, extending beyond prechaetal lobes.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 7 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus and terminal pair of slender, elongated cirri.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> A few specimens with ectoparasitic nematodes on the body and on the parapodia (AM W.47199, AM W.47202).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island Group; intertidal to 15.2 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Glycera tesselata Grube 1863

<i>Glycera tesselata</i> Grube, 1863 <p>(Figs 6, 10 E)</p> <p> <i>Glycera tesselata</i> Grube, 1863: 41; pl. 4, figs 4, 4a. Synonyms see Böggemann 2002</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.47204, MI QLD 2444, af/5.3/34/1.0/0.7; AM W.45499, MI QLD 2445, cs/20/60/1.4/ 0.9, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.44667, MI QLD 2410, cs/9/52/1.0/0.6; AM W.46146, Lizard Island, Granite Bluff, 14°39'S 145°27'E, reef rock, 6 m, by hand from SCUBA, 26 Aug 1976, af/4.5/42/0.8/0.5; AM W.45498, MI QLD 2446, cs/6/51/1.2/0.8; AM W.40427, Lizard Island, Chinaman's Head, 8 Apr 1977, cs/6.5/49/ 0.7/0.4; AM W.46133, off Chinaman's Point, 7 m, Apr 1977, cs/10/50/0.7/0.4; AM W.44576, MI QLD 2376, cs/7/ 39/0.6/0.3; AM W.44222, MI QLD 2371, cs/19/76/1.2/0.7; AM W.47218, MI QLD 2371 (2), cs/18/60/1.2/0.7, cs/ 12.5/57/1.2/0.7, parts of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.44258, MI QLD 2371, cs/20/54/1.1/0.6; AM W.44854, MI QLD 2423, cs/9/53/1.1/0.7; AM W.40426, Lizard Island Group, fringing reef between Bird Islet and South Island, 12 m, 10 Apr 1977, cs/8/47/0.9/0.5; AM W.41210, Lizard Island, Bommie Bay, 14°39'35"S 145°28'16"W, coral rubble, 7.4–10.5 m, by hand from SCUBA, 9 Sep 2010, CReefs, af/6.5/59/1.3/0.9; AM W.44251, MI QLD 2380, cs/2.3/33/0.5/0.3; AM W.44291, MI QLD 2382, cs/6.2/45/0.8/0.5; AM W.44300, MI QLD 2383, af/2.5/23/0.5/0.3; AM W.44322, MI QLD 2387, cs/3.2/ca.37/0.5/0.3; AM W.44844, MI QLD 2387 (2), cs/2.7/31/0.5/0.3, af/3.2/33/ 0.6/0.3; AM W.41211, Yonge Reef, 14°34'40"S 145°37'E, coral rubble, 8 m, by hand on snorkel, 10 Sep 2010, CReefs, cs/4.6/46/0.8/0.4; AM W.40748, Yonge Reef, back reef, 14°36'S 145°37'E, 2 m, 19 Jan 1975, cs/5/40/0.9/ 0.5; AM W.40750, Yonge Reef, back reef, 14°36'S 145°37'E, 5 m, 7 Jan 1975, cs/3.2/34/0.5/0.3; AM W.47208, Yonge Reef, back reef, 14°36'S 145°37'E, dead <i>Acropora</i> heavily encrusted with <i>Lithothamnion,</i> 2 m, 19 Jan 1975, af/3.5/23/0.5/0.3; AM W.46136, Yonge Reef, outer slope, 14°36'S 145°38'E, solid reef habitat, 3 m, 10 Jan 1975, cs/11.5/59/1.3/0.8, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.46145, Outer Yonge Reef, reef rock with <i>Lithothamnion</i> and <i>Halimeda</i>, 30 m, by hand from SCUBA, 24 Jan 1977, cs/5/35/0.5/0.3; AM W.46200 (few), Outer Yonge Reef, dead coral, 9 m, by hand from SCUBA, 15 Jan 1977, cs/7/43/0.7/0.3, af/7/34/0.8/0.4, af/5/30/0.5/0.3; AM W.46202 (few), Outer Yonge Reef, <i>Halimeda</i> covering pink coralline algae, 20 m, 21 Jan 1977, cs/7/41/0.7/0.4, cs/4.2/35/ 0.5/0.3, cs/2.3/28/0.3/0.1, cs/2.3/27/0.3/0.1, cs/2.2/23/0.3/0.1, cs/2.2/23/0.3/0.1, cs/2.1/21/0.3/0.1, cs/2/26/0.4/0.2, cs/2/21/0.3/0.1, cs/1.9/21/0.3/0.1, cs/1.5/17/0.3/0.1, cs/1.4/20/0.3/0.1, cs/1.4/20/0.3/0.1, cs/1.1/18/0.2/0.1, af/5.3/ 36/0.7/0.4, af/3.2/38/0.3/0.1, af/1.7/17/0.3/0.1, af/1.5/17/0.3/0.1, af/1.5/16/0.3/0.1, af/1.3/13/0.3/0.1, af/1.2/15/0.3/ 0.1, af/1.2/14/0.3/0.1, af/1/12/0.3/0.1; AM W.47213 (3), Outer Yonge Reef, bommie surrounded with rubble, covered in <i>Lithothamnion</i>, 30 m, 25 Jan 1977, cs/6.5/47/0.5/0.2, cs/6/53/0.5/0.2, cs/4.7/37/0.5/0.2; AM W.47214 (2), Outer Yonge Reef, isolated bommie, reef rock, 40 m, 3 Nov 1977, cs/5.5/38/0.7/0.4, af/3/26/0.3/0.2; AM W.46206, Outer Yonge Reef, large bommie, pink <i>Lithothamnion</i> and filamentous algae, 40 m, 6 Nov 1977; AM W.44171, MI QLD 2359, af/7/38/1.1/0.6; AM W.44172, MI QLD 2359 (2), cs/8.5/51/1.1/0.7, cs/8.5/48/1.0/0.6.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly digitiform with straight, median, longitudinal ridge; ailerons with deeply incised bases; parapodia of mid-body with slightly longer neuropodial than notopodial prechaetal lobes and two short postchaetal lobes; branchiae absent.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body up to 20 mm long with up to 76 chaetigers. Mid-body segments bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 8–9 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 6 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with two types of papillae: l. numerous digitiform papillae with straight, median, longitudinal ridge on posterior surface and sometimes additional V-shaped ridge near tip; 2. isolated, slightly shorter and broader, conical papillae without distinct ridges (Figs 6 B, 10E). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with deeply incised base (Fig. 6 A, C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 6 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes; neuropodial lobe usually slightly longer and wider than notopodial lobe; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe distinctly shorter than neuropodial one. Two shorter, rounded postchaetal lobes. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, conical to oval; inserted - most clearly in anterior part of body - on body wall far above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as postchaetal lobes; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated medio-ventrally on parapodia. Branchiae absent.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 6 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus and terminal pair of slender, elongated cirri.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island Group, North Direction Island, Yonge Reef; 0.5– 40 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Glycera lapidum Quatrefages 1866

<i>Glycera</i> cf. <i>lapidum</i> Quatrefages, 1866 <p>(Figs 3, 10 B)</p> <p> <i>Glycera lapidum</i> Quatrefages, 1866: 187. Synonyms see Böggemann 2002</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.46201, Great Barrier Reef, Outer Yonge Reef, rock with <i>Lithothamnion</i> and <i>Halimeda</i>, 30 m, 21 Jan 1977, cs/7.3/54/0.7/0.4, part of proboscis on SEM stub.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly digitiform with undulating ridge; ailerons with slight dent in pointed triangular bases; parapodia of mid-body with distinctly longer neuropodial than notopodial prechaetal lobes; one rounded postchaetal lobe; branchiae absent.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body 7.3 mm long with 54 chaetigers. Mid-body segments more or less distinctly tri-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 11 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 3 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with two types of papillae: l. numerous digitiform papillae with indistinct ridges on posterior surface; 2. isolated, shorter and broader, more conical papillae without ridges (Figs 3 B, 10B). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with slight dent in pointed triangular base (Fig. 3 C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 3 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes; neuropodial lobe always distinctly longer and wider than notopodial lobe; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe much shorter than neuropodial one. One shorter, rounded postchaetal lobe. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, oval to globular; inserted - most c1early in anterior part of body - on body wall far above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as postchaetal lobes; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated near parapodial base. Branchiae absent.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 3 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus; cirri not observed.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The specimen is a juvenile with, for example, incompletely hardened ailerons and poorly defined proboscidial papillae and therefore only uncertainly referred to <i>Glycera lapidum</i>.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Yonge Reef; 30 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Böggemann, Markus (2015): Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Zootaxa 4019 (1), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.

Glycera onomichiensis Izuka 1912

<i>Glycera onomichiensis</i> Izuka, 1912 <p>(Figs 4, 10 C)</p> <p> <i>Glycera onomichiensis</i> Izuka, 1912: 244; pl. 24, figs 10–12. Synonyms see Böggemann 2002</p> <p> <b>Material Examined.</b> AM W.46213, Lizard Island, 600 m south-west of Research Point, coarse to medium sand, 4.5 m, 10 Oct 1978, cs/5.5/52/1.0/0.7; AM W.46142 (3), Lizard Island Group, Blue Lagoon, 3 m, 24 Jul 1979, cs/ 10/72/1.4/1.0, af/12/81/1.5/1.0, af/7.5/52/1.4/1.0; AM W.47219, cs/16/106/2.0/1.3, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.46144, Blue Lagoon, 6 m, 24 Jul 1979, cs/15/85/1.7/1.0, cs/14/87/1.3/0.7, cs/13/78/1.7/1.1, cs/13/76/1.3/ 0.8, af/16/74/1.9/1.1, af/15/71/2.0/1.2, af/12/65/1.9/1.1, af/5/32/1.4/0.8; AM W.47220, Lizard Island lagoon, 24 Jul 1979, cs/14/85/2.0/1.2, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.46222 (2), Lizard Island Group, fringing reef between Bird Islet and South Island, mixed algae and sediment from seagrass beds at reef base, 24.4–37.6 m, 9 Oct 1978, cs/32/126/4.0/2.9, cs/20/108/2.0/1.3.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly with terminal fingernail structure with long stalk and some longitudinal ridges on nail; ailerons with pointed triangular bases; parapodia of mid-body with two slender triangular postchaetal lobes of about same length; branchiae absent.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body up to 32 mm long with up to 126 chaetigers. Mid-body segments bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 10–13 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 4 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with three types of papillae: 1. numerous papillae with terminal fingernail structure on posterior surface, with long stalk and some longitudinal ridges on nail; 2. less numerous and slightly shorter digitiform papillae; 3. isolated, broader, more conical papillae without ridges (Figs 4 B, 10C). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with pointed triangular base (Fig. 4 C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 4 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes of about same length; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe shorter than neuropodial one. Two shorter postchaetal lobes; anteriorly both lobes rounded, neuropodial lobe slightly longer than notopodial lobe; in following parapodia both lobes elongated and slender triangular, of about same length; in posteriormost parapodia both lobes generally shorter and more rounded. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, conical to oval; inserted on body wall slightly above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as postchaetal lobes; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated medio-ventrally on parapodia. Branchiae absent.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 4 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus and terminal pair of slender, elongated cirri.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island Group; 3–37.6 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Goniada emerita Audouin & Milne Edwards 1833

<i>Goniada emerita</i> Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 <p>(Fig. 14)</p> <p> <i>Goniada emerita</i> Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833: 268; pl. 18, figs 1–4.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.44865, MI QLD 2435, af/25/117/1.7/0.9.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscis with a few different types of papillae; 4–26 pairs of chevrons; 46–69 uniramous chaetigers, following biramous; acicular notochaetae situated between dorsal cirrus and notopodium, neurochaetae compound spinigers.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Anterior fragment 25 mm long with 117 chaetigers. Segments uni-annulate, but median part of dorsum usually appears to be bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of 9–10 rings; terminal annulus with four biarticulate appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs. Pair of basal subdermal eyes present (Fig. 14 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with predominantly heart-shaped to rectangular papillae on short stalks in more or less longitudinal rows. Macrognaths quinquedentate (with 5 teeth); 13 H+v/w-shaped dorsal and 14 H+v/w-shaped ventral compound micrognaths, dorsal arc additionally with four smaller, simple rod-like micrognaths in outer position and between other ones. Six chevrons on each side of proboscis.</p> <p>First segment partly apodous and achaetous; typical pair of small lateral cirri missing (Fig. 14 A). First chaetiger mainly with only one neuropodial pre- and one postchaetal lobe; second, lower prechaetal lobe developed from chaetiger two; both prechaetal lobes digitiform, upper one slightly broader and longer than lower one; conical to triangular postchaetal lobe always distinctly shorter (Fig. 14 B–C). 66 uniramous chaetigers, following parapodia biramous with conical to triangular notopodial lobes (Fig. 14 D–F). From 66th chaetiger parapodia enlarged and with noto- and neuropodia clearly separated. Dorsal cirri on anterior chaetigers digitiform, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobes or slightly shorter (Fig. 14 B–C); in biramous parapodia more conical and about as long as notopodial lobes (Fig. 14 D–F). Ventral cirri in anterior parapodia digitiform, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobes or slightly longer (Fig. 14 B–C); in enlarged biramous parapodia more conical, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobes or slightly shorter (Fig. 14 D–F).</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 14 B–F). Usually two acicular notochaetae with straight tip, situated between dorsal cirrus and notopodium (Fig. 14 D–F). Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island, Macgillivray Reef; 14– 18 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Glycera brevicirris Grube 1870

<i>Glycera brevicirris</i> Grube, 1870 <p>(Figs 2, 10 A)</p> <p> <i>Glycera brevicirris</i> Grube, 1870: 61. Synonyms see Böggemann 2002</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.45035, MI QLD 2441, af/16/69/1.3/0.9; AM W.45849, MI QLD 2440, af/11/49/2.6/ 1.7; AM W.46134, Lizard Island, off Chinaman's Point, 14°40'S, 145°28'E, 7 m, Aug 1977, cs/13/84/0.9/0.5; AM W.44580, MI QLD 2422 (2), cs/34/152/3.0/2.0, pf/25/115/1.7/1.1; AM W.44805, MI QLD 2429 (4), cs/38/161/2.3/ 1.5, af/35/131/3.0/1.9, af/20/87/2.9/1.9, pf/9/45/2.1/1.0; AM W.46218, Lizard Island Group, Blue Lagoon, 100 m off Mangrove Beach, 12 m from coral bommie on landward side, medium grained sediment, 3 m, 13 Oct 1978, af/ 17/62/2.2/1.4, pf/14/55/1.6/0.8; AM W.46219, Blue Lagoon, 100 m off Mangrove Beach, 12 m from coral bommie on landward side, medium grained sediment, 3 m, 13 Oct 1978, af/22/78/2.1/1.3, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.46220 (2), inside caged area of sand at western end of Blue Lagoon, sand, 3 m, 13 Oct 1978, cs/39.5/133/ 2.5/1.5, af/13/64/0.9/0.5; AM W.46221 (2), outside caged area of sand at western end of Blue Lagoon, sand, 3 m, 5 Oct 1978, af/18/72/1.1/0.7, pf/9/33/0.7/0.2; AM W.46148, Lizard Island Group, between South Island and Palfrey Island, 14°41'54"S 145°26'45"E, dead coral, 15–17 m, by hand from SCUBA, 31 Mar 1995, af/36/87/3.4/2.0, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.44848, MI QLD 2424, cs/20/89/1.6/1.1; AM W.46135, Lizard Island Group, between Bird Islet and South Island, 12 m, Jan 1978, cs/16/91/0.7/0.3; AM W.44482, MI QLD 2397, af/15/70/2.3/ 1.4, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.44812, MI QLD 2396 (2), cs/29/147/3.0/2.2, cs/21.5/107/2.8/1.8; AM W.44849, MI QLD 2393, cs/13/89/1.5/1.1; AM W.46140, Lizard Island, 19 Oct 1987, cs/26/103/1.7/1.1; AM W.38626, Great Barrier Reef, Day Reef, 14°28'20"S 145°31'25"E, 18.1 m, by hand from SCUBA, 5 Sep 2010, CReefs, cs/12/72/1.5/1.0; AM W.46143, Great Barrier Reef, Carter Reef, 14°34'S 145°34'E, 30–36 m, plankton tow, 31 Jan 1982, cs/6/ca.48/0.7/0.4; AM W.46138, Great Barrier Reef, Yonge Reef, back reef, 14°36'S 145°37'E, dead <i>Acropora</i> heavily encrusted with <i>Lithothamnion</i>, 2 m, 19 Jan 1975, cs/17.5/81/1.5/0.9, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.40749, Outer Yonge Reef, 14°36'S 145°38'E, 24 m, 12 Jan 1975, cs/15/106/1.0/0.6; AM W.46149, Outer Yonge Reef, dead coral, 10 m, 25 Jan 1977, cs/19/ca.90/0.8/0.4; AM W.46203, Outer Yonge Reef, dead coral, 10 m, 21 Jan 1977, cs/25/115/1.2/0.7; AM W.46204 (6), Outer Yonge Reef, bommie surrounded with rubble, covered in <i>Lithothamnion</i>, 30 m, 25 Jan 1977, cs/23/117/1.2/0.8, cs/15/82/0.9/0.5, cs/6.5/52/0.5/0.2, cs/4/ 34/0.7/0.4, cs/2.8/25/0.5/0.2, cs/2.2/20/0.5/0.2; AM W.46205, Outer Yonge Reef, isolated bommie, reef rock, 40 m, 3 Nov 1977, af/7/46/0.5/0.3; AM W.46132, North Direction Island, 14°44'43"S 145°30'18"E, sand, 8.5 m, by hand from SCUBA, 4 Sep 2010, CReefs, af/9.5/52/1.2/0.8.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly digitiform with about 6–20 ridges; ailerons with deeply incised bases; parapodia of mid-body with two short, rounded postchaetal lobes; branchiae absent.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body up to 39.5 mm long with up to 161 chaetigers. Mid-body segments bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 10–13 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 2 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with two types of papillae: l. numerous digitiform papillae with about 6–20 ridges; ridges U-shaped basally and V-shaped apically on posterior surface; 2. isolated, slightly shorter and broader, conical papillae with more or less distinctly straight, median, longitudinal ridge (Figs 2 B, 10A). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with deeply incised base (Fig. 2 C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 2 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes; neuropodial lobe usually slightly longer and wider than notopodial lobe; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe distinctly shorter than neuropodial one. Two shorter, rounded postchaetal lobes. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, conical to oval; inserted on body wall slightly above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as postchaetal lobes; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated medio-ventrally on parapodia. Branchiae absent.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 2 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus and terminal pair of slender, elongated cirri.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Carter Reef, Day Reef, Lizard Island Group, North Direction Island, Yonge Reef; intertidal to 40 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Goniada antipoda Augener 1927

<i>Goniada antipoda</i> Augener, 1927 <p>(Fig. 11)</p> <p> <i>Goniada antipoda</i> Augener, 1927: 202, textfig. 10a–b. Synonyms see Böggemann 2005</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.47206, MI QLD 2440, af/8/43/1.0/0.5.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Prostomium with pointed tip; proboscis with slightly different types of papillae; only four inverted Y-shaped and rod-like dorsal and usually five H+v/w-shaped ventral compound micrognaths; 4–12 pairs of chevrons; lower neuropodial prechaetal lobe developed from parapodium 2–13; 26–44 uniramous chaetigers, following biramous with single lobed notopodia; notochaetae capillaries, neurochaetae compound spinigers.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Anterior fragment 8 mm long with 43 chaetigers. Segments uni-annulate, but median part of dorsum usually appears to be bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about ten rings; terminal annulus with four biarticulate appendages and pointed tip, basal one with pair of nuchal organs. Eyes absent (Fig. 11 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with predominantly heart-shaped papillae on short stalks in more or less longitudinal rows. Macrognaths hexadentate; dorsal arc with four smaller, simple micrognaths, superior pair rod-like and inferior pair inverted Y-shaped, both with bifid tips, ventral arc with three H+v/w-shaped compound micrognaths. Five chevrons on each side of proboscis.</p> <p>First chaetigers with only one neuropodial pre- and one postchaetal lobe; second, lower prechaetal lobe developed from chaetiger five; both prechaetal lobes digitiform and of about same length, upper one slightly broader than lower one; conical to triangular postchaetal lobe always distinctly shorter (Fig. 11 B–D). 37 uniramous chaetigers, following parapodia biramous with conical to triangular notopodial lobes (Fig. 11 E–F). From 34th to 35th chaetiger parapodia enlarged and with noto- and neuropodia clearly separated. Dorsal cirri on anterior chaetigers digitiform, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobes (Fig. 11 B–D); in biramous parapodia more conical and slightly longer than notopodial lobes (Fig. 11 E–F). Ventral cirri in anterior parapodia digitiform, about as long as neuropodial postchaetal lobes or slightly longer (Fig. 11 B–D); in enlarged biramous parapodia more conical, slightly shorter than neuropodial postchaetal lobes (Fig. 11 E–F).</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 11 B–F). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The specimen is very small and therefore only three ventral micrognaths are present instead of the typical five ones.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island; 14 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt

Glycera sagittariae McIntosh 1885

<i>Glycera sagittariae</i> McIntosh, 1885 <p>(Figs 5, 10 D)</p> <p> <i>Glycera sagittariae</i> McIntosh, 1885: 346; pl. 42, fig. 8; pl. 22A, fig. 10.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> AM W.45468, MI QLD 2444 (2), cs/9/88/0.9/0.5, cs/7/66/0.9/0.5; AM W.47221, MI QLD 2444, af/13/92/2.5/1.5, part of proboscis on SEM stub; AM W.46214, Lizard Island, 100 m off eastern end of Mangrove Beach, undulating sand, filamentous algae, 3 m, 11 Oct 1978, cs/52/192/2.0/1.4, part of proboscis on SEM stub.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Proboscidial papillae mainly conical with 3 ridges; ailerons with triangular bases; parapodia of mid-body with rounded, sometimes slightly blunt triangular postchaetal lobes, notopodial lobes usually slightly broader and longer than neuropodial lobes; simple, retractile, digitiform branchiae, situated medially on anterior side of parapodia.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body up to 52 mm long with up to 192 chaetigers. Mid-body segments bi-annulate.</p> <p>Conical prostomium consisting of about 11–12 rings; terminal ring with four appendages and basal one with pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 5 A).</p> <p>Proboscis with two types of papillae: l. numerous conical papillae with 3 U-shaped ridges, sometimes with additional subterminal straight, median, longitudinal ridge; 2. isolated, broader, oval to globular papillae without ridges (Figs 5 B, 10D). Terminal part of proboscis with four hook-shaped jaws arranged in a cross and accessory ailerons with triangular base (Fig. 5 A, C).</p> <p>First two pairs of parapodia uniramous; following parapodia biramous (Fig. 5 D–K). Two slender triangular to digitiform prechaetal lobes of about same length; both lobes becoming slightly thinner in posterior parapodia; in last parapodia notopodial lobe shorter than neuropodial one. Two shorter postchaetal lobes; anteriorly both lobes rounded; in following parapodia both lobes slightly elongated and rounded, sometimes slightly blunt triangular; notopodial lobe usually slightly longer than neuropodial lobe; in posteriormost parapodia both lobes generally shorter and rounded. Dorsal cirri from 3rd parapodium, conical to oval; inserted on body wall slightly above parapodial base. Ventral cirri slender triangular to digitiform, about as long as postchaetal lobes; in posterior parapodia slender and elongated; in last parapodia about as long as neuropodial prechaetal lobe; situated medioventrally on parapodia. Branchiae retractile, simple, digitiform (Fig. 5 F); starting in anterior region to near posterior end; situated medially on anterior side of parapodia.</p> <p>Noto- and neuropodia each with a single acicula (Fig. 5 D–K). Notochaetae capillaries. Neurochaetae compound spinigers with blades of different lengths.</p> <p>Pygidium with dorsal anus and terminal pair of slender, elongated cirri.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Lizard Island; 3– 24 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Böggemann, Markus, 2015, Glyceriformia Fauchald, 1977 (Annelida: " Polychaeta ") from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240217">http://zenodo.org/record/240217</a&gt