24 research outputs found
Crystallographic parameters of compounds and solid solutions in binary systems Cu-Pt and Ga-Pt
The study establishes that the packing index in compounds of the system Cu-Pt is close to the value 0.74 against a slight deviation from the Zen law of atomic volumes. The compounds in the system Ga-Pt have the highest values of the packing index in the range of the equiatomic composition, which greatly exceed Ο for close-packed structures based on FCC and HCP lattices for compounds made of the same kind of atoms. A correlation between singular points on the phase diagram of the system Ga-Pt and high values of the packing index in compounds is established
Investigation of Polymer Composite Materials Based on Mechanically Activated Polytetrafluoroethylene
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°
ΠΠ’Π€Π Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΠ’Π€Π
Ρ 10 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ’Π€Π Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 0,5β2
ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ’Π€Π, ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² 6β56 ΡΠ°Π·. ΠΡΠΎ, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ,
ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ- ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ,
ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ 2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.%. Π£Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 5 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² 107 ΡΠ°Π·, Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΠ’Π€Π-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΠ’Π€Π, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 10 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°In this work, the influence of mechanical activation of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE on the
properties of filled composites was studied. It has been established that the polymer mixture of PTFE
with 10 wt.% activated PTFE in a planetary mill within 5 minutes increases the deformation-strength
parameters and the modulus of elasticity. It has been shown that the addition of 0.5β2 wt.% of activated
Sibunit to the polymer matrix does not lead to a decrease in deformation- strength characteristics
compared to the original PTFE, while the wear resistance of polymer composite materials PCM
increases by 6β56 times. This is apparently due to the fact that, upon activation, Sibunit particles are
dispersed, and the modified matrix is characterized by improved values of deformation and strength
characteristics, which compensates for the negative effect of the filler on these indicators when the
Sibunit content is filled to 2 wt.%. An increase in concentration to 5 wt.% leads to an increase in wear
resistance by a factor of 107, but to a decrease in the deformation- strength parameters of PCM. Thus,
based on the studies performed, the use of a polymer mixture of PTFE-activated PTFE containing up
to 10 wt.% of the activated polyme
Resolution on the results of the first working meeting of the scientific advisory board Β«Actual problems of glycemic variability as a new criterion of glycemic control and safety of diabetes therapyΒ»
The Scientific Advisory Board, chaired by Professor G. R. Galstyan (cochair - A.V. Zilov), met in Moscow on 19 June 2018 to discuss the possibilities of improving the results of diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment by considering glycaemic variability (GV) as an additional criterion for effective glycaemic control (especially in patients receiving insulin therapy) and as one of the goals of treatment in patients with unstable glycaemia. The purpose of the working meeting was to develop a strategy for the introduction of GV as a predictor and as an additional criterion for assessing the effectiveness and safety of hypoglycaemic therapy to improve the pharmacotherapy of diabetes and reduce cardiovascular and total mortality. The aims of the working meeting were to conduct a comprehensive data analysis of the relationship between GV and hypoglycaemia; to gather and analyse published data and the experience of decrease in GV and improved outcomes of diabetes against the background of different types of insulin therapy; to compare existing methods of glycaemia monitoring and GV assessment and examine their validity and availability in real practice in the context of limited budget and to analyse the informativeness and clinical and prognostic significance of various parameters of GV assessment and to determine their reasonable ‘minimum’ for a comprehensive assessment of GV as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of DM treatment and the predictors of negative diabetes outcomes. The following reports were presented during the discussion: ‘Glycemic variability: clinical and prognostic value. Types of glycemic variability’ (Candidate of Medical Sciences, assistant Professor Zilov A.V.); ‘Methods of assessment of variability of glycemia in clinical trials and routine practice’ (PhD, Professor Markova T. N.); ‘Current international and national recommendations on glycemic monitoring’ (PhD, Professor Galstyan G. R.) and ‘Peculiarities of glycemic variability and its evaluation among children and adolescents’ (Candidate of Medical Sciences Vitebskaya A.V.)
ΠΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅
This article considers the urgent problem of literary genre analysis of the modern prose. Under the
conditions of overall distrust to an open word, archaic models and plot structures provide a modern
writer with an opportunity to speak about the most important matters, avoiding pathos, rhetoric and
didactics. The articles studies the works by V. Makanin about the Chechen war based on intuition and
movement of free thought of the writer developing in parable forms. Modern parable is a reaction to the
word closed in the literary field, on literocentricity; it displays artistic expression in a broader context
returning ethical and didactic components to the word. The use of parables leads to almost unlimited
opportunities of multi-level reading, it activates the living, intellectual and spiritual experience of the
reader to the utmostΠ‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΆΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°
ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Ρ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΡΡ
Π°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ
ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ
. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ° β ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, Π½Π°
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ; ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ,
Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»
ΠΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅
This article considers the urgent problem of literary genre analysis of the modern prose. Under the
conditions of overall distrust to an open word, archaic models and plot structures provide a modern
writer with an opportunity to speak about the most important matters, avoiding pathos, rhetoric and
didactics. The articles studies the works by V. Makanin about the Chechen war based on intuition and
movement of free thought of the writer developing in parable forms. Modern parable is a reaction to the
word closed in the literary field, on literocentricity; it displays artistic expression in a broader context
returning ethical and didactic components to the word. The use of parables leads to almost unlimited
opportunities of multi-level reading, it activates the living, intellectual and spiritual experience of the
reader to the utmostΠ‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΆΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°
ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Ρ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΡΡ
Π°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ
ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ
. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ° β ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, Π½Π°
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ; ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ,
Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»
Crystal-geometrical and crystal-chemical parameters of alloys in binary systems Cu-Me (Me = Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt)
Crystal-geometrical and crystal-chemical parameters of alloys in binary systems Cu-Me (Me = Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt)
Modified swim test as a model of enhanced contextual conditioning during depression: expression of GSK3 beta and effects of antidepressant treatment
peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalImpaired brain plasticity is a well-established pathophysiologic feature of depression, but little is known about an enhancement of depression-associated cognitive processing. We studied a novel paradigm that potentially models the augmented acquisition of adverse memories during the development of a depressive-like state in mice. We used a modification of the classic two-day protocol of a mouse Porsoltβs test with an additional session on Day 5 following the initial swim session. On the last day of testing, floating behavior, a parameter of helplessness, was increased in naΓ―ve mice that was accompanied by a reduction in the pGSK3b/GSK3b ratio and increased levels of brain GSK3b mRNA. The increase in GSK3b mRNA in prefrontal cortex during delayed testing session correlated with increases in floating behavior, which is not observed in the classic Porsoltβs paradigm. Replacement of the last swim session with exposure to the context of testing resulted in increased GSK3b mRNA level similar to the effect of swimming, while exclusion of the last swim session prevented these changes. The behavioral changes and the alterations in GSK3b gene and protein levels were prevented by 2-week treatment with a low dose of classical antidepressant tricyclic imipramine (7.5 mg/kg/day), or vitamin B1 (thiamine) (200 mg/kg/day), or with the highly bioavailable thiamine precursor benfotiamine (200 mg/kg/day). Our study also demonstrated, for the first time, the antidepressant-like properties of vitamin B1 and its pre-cursor, in a pre-clinical model of depression. Thus, the new forced swim test paradigm models the enhanced contextual conditioning of adverse memories so the individual animals with distinct susceptibility to this syndrome to be differentiated
Crystallographic parameters of compounds and solid solutions in binary systems Cu-Pt and Ga-Pt
The study establishes that the packing index in compounds of the system Cu-Pt is close to the value 0.74 against a slight deviation from the Zen law of atomic volumes. The compounds in the system Ga-Pt have the highest values of the packing index in the range of the equiatomic composition, which greatly exceed Ο for close-packed structures based on FCC and HCP lattices for compounds made of the same kind of atoms. A correlation between singular points on the phase diagram of the system Ga-Pt and high values of the packing index in compounds is established
Thiamine and benfotiamine improve memory, decrease depressive-like behavior and reduce brain expression of GSK3 beta in mice
An increasing body of evidence suggests an implication of altered thiamine metabolism in mental illnesses, including depression and Alzheimerβs disease. Here, we examined the effects of a two-week treatment with thiamine (200 mg/kg/day) or benfotiamine (200 mg/kg/day, a synthetic thiamine precursor of high bioavailability, on learning of C57 mice in step down avoidance (SDA) and fear conditioning (FC) tests and depressive-like behavior in the modified forced swimming test (modFST). In addition, we investigated the effects of these drugs on brain gene expression of Glycogene Synthase Kinase 3beta (GSK3b), a regulatory factor that is involved in both above-mentioned mental conditions. Benfotiamine, but not thiamine significantly increased contextual learning in C57 mice in the step-down paradigm and acquisition of fear conditioning during weak training. Both compounds have improved the extinction of contextual fear conditioning memory and did not alter the acquisition of fear conditioning during strong training. Also, we found that both treatments reduced depressive-like behavior in mice, as shown by diminished duration of floating behavior in the modified forced swim test. With the modified forced swimming test applied here, an additional swimming session was carried out 120 hours after the first trial and resulted in increased mRNA levels of GSK3b in the prefrontal cortex, which correlated with duration of floating in tested mice. Thiamine and benfotiamine reduced GSK3b expression in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus that was more pronounced in the animals with low floating, in case of the measurements made in the prefrontal cortex. Together, these data suggest pro-cognitive and antidepressant-like effect of benfotiamine that are partly shared by thiamine and can be mediated by their inhibitory effect on the GSK3