Male cytogenetic evaluation prior to assisted reproduction procedures performed in Mar del Plata, Argentina

Objective: This paper aimed to estimate the frequency ofoccurrence and the types of chromosomal abnormalitiesfound in 141 infertile men with abnormal semen parameters.Methods: the frequency and type of chromosomal abnormalitieswere determined with male mitotic karyotypeanalysis from peripheral blood through chromosome bandingtechniques before assisted reproduction procedures.Results: In this series of 141 infertile men, 19 (13%) hadchromosomal anomalies and 35 (25%) had polymorphicvariants. The main chromosome abnormalities were reciprocaltranslocations and marker chromosomes in mosaic.Conclusions: These results stress the relevance of cytogeneticstudies for infertile males as a diagnostic tool anda valuable input in genetic counseling.Fil: Poli, María Noelia. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Miranda, Lucía A.. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Gil, Eduardo Daniel. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Zanier, Germán Justo. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Iriarte, Pedro Jose. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Genética; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Zanier, Justo Hector Mario. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Coco, Roberto. Fecunditas Instituto de Medicina Reproductiva; Argentin

Genetic diversity and population structure in South African, French and Argentinian angora goats from genome-wide SNP data

The Angora goat populations in Argentina (AR), France (FR) and South Africa (SA) have been kept geographically and genetically distinct. Due to country-specific selection and breeding strategies, there is a need to characterize the populations on a genetic level. In this study we analysed genetic variability of Angora goats from three distinct geographical regions using the standardized 50k Goat SNP Chip. A total of 104 goats (AR: 30; FR: 26; SA: 48) were genotyped. Heterozygosity values as well as inbreeding coefficients across all autosomes per population were calculated. Diversity, as measured by expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.371 in the SA population to 0.397 in the AR population. The SA goats were the only population with a positive average inbreeding coefficient value of 0.009. After merging the three datasets, standard QC and LD-pruning, 15 105 SNPs remained for further analyses. Principal component and clustering analyses were used to visualize individual relationships within and between populations. All SA Angora goats were separated from the others and formed a well-defined, unique cluster, while outliers were identified in the FR and AR breeds. Apparent admixture between the AR and FR populations was observed, while both these populations showed signs of having some common ancestry with the SA goats. LD averaged over adjacent loci within the three populations per chromosome were calculated. The highest LD values estimated across populations were observed in the shorter intervals across populations. The Ne for the Angora breed was estimated to be 149 animals ten generations ago indicating a declining trend. Results confirmed that geographic isolation and different selection strategies caused genetic distinctiveness between the populations.S1 Fig. Admixture plots for K = 2–4 showing population structure of different Angora subpopulations.The authors thank Margarita Cano (supplying Argentinean Angora DNA samples), Hector Taddeo (for historical information on the Argentinian Angora breed) and Capgenes (supplying French Angora DNA samples and historical information on the French Angora breed).The Argentinian part (MP) of the project was financially supported by Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria PNBIO1131033 project. The South African researchers acknowledge the National Research Foundation (grants KIC14011761093 (CV) and TP13073024535 (EVMK)) and the University of Pretoria Genomics Research Institute (CV) for financial support.http://www.plosone.orgam2016Animal and Wildlife Science

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Creole cattle natural antibodies: are they genetic markers?

Los “anticuerpos naturales” del suero, en Bovinos Criollos, orientan otra pauta de los “Marcadores genéticos sanguíneos” para IDENTIFICACION Y PRESERVACION de su GERMOPLASMA. Se trabajó con dos rodeos de 82 Bovinos Criollos, aplicando la metodología siguiente: a) Extracción de muestras de sangre a cada animal por vía yugular, b) Tipificación sanguínea por el “Método hemolítico” con fijación de Complemento Fresco de Conejo, c) Especificidad de los Inmunosueros Naturales “anti-factores sanguíneos”, por “absorciones” con eritrocitos bovinos de Grupos Sanguíneos conocidos. Se detectaron anti-J anti-V, etc. Se comprueba que la producción natural de anticuerpos antifactores sanguí- neos en Bovinos, cualquiera sea su especificidad, invariablemente está asociada a la negatividad del Sistema J, considerándose, además, que no es improbable que el gene o genes vinculados a esta particularidad, pongan en juego algún mecanismo defensivo en individuos de alta resistencia en Areas Marginales. Se discute si los anticuerpos naturales representarían un nuevo tipo de Marcadores Inmunogenéticos.Serum natural antibodies in creole Cattle bear other patterns of the “blood genetic markers” for their GERMPLASM IDENTIFICATION and their corresponding PRESERVATION. We worked with several herd or Creole Cattle (Criollos) from different areas of Argentina, but this report corresponds to two herds of 82 Creole Cattle or “Criollos” from Experimental Farm of Balcarce - INTA - (Argentina) using the following methodology. a) the blood samples of each animal (sera and red cells) were collected from yugular vein, b) red cell samples from every animal were typed with 60 reagents (From Iowa State University, USA), plus some replicate and experimental Argentine reagents, plus rabbit complement (Selected rabbit sera stored fresh frozen), c) specificity of natural “anti-blood factors” isoimmunosera were determined by absorptions using bovine red cells of well-know blood groups. It was detected anti-J, anti-V, one serum that reacts as anti-M, and others not identified antibodies. The increasing number of discoveries of specific and differential blood group and histocompatibility antigens, with its corresponding natural antibodies and those produced by immunization, has enriched the knowledged of the animal genetic individuality. When it was disposable family inheritance data on this phenomenon were studied. It is discussed if natural isoantibodies of bovine normal sera would represent a new type of Immunogenetic Markers; or whether natural isoantibodies are alsoundcr the influence of associated environmental factors.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Differential Response of Primary and Immortalized CD4+ T Cells to Neisseria gonorrhoeae-Induced Cytokines Determines the Effect on HIV-1 Replication

To compare the effect of gonococcal co-infection on immortalized versus primary CD4+ T cells the Jurkat cell line or freshly isolated human CD4+ T cells were infected with the HIV-1 X4 strain NL4-3. These cells were exposed to whole gonococci, supernatants from gonococcal-infected PBMCs, or N. gonorrhoeae-induced cytokines at varying levels. Supernatants from gonococcal-infected PBMCs stimulated HIV-1 replication in Jurkat cells while effectively inhibiting HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells. ELISA-based analyses revealed that the gonococcal-induced supernatants contained high levels of proinflammatory cytokines that promote HIV-1 replication, as well as the HIV-inhibitory IFNα. While all the T cells responded to the HIV-stimulatory cytokines, albeit to differing degrees, the Jurkat cells were refractory to IFNα. Combined, these results indicate that N. gonorrhoeae elicits immune-modulating cytokines that both activate and inhibit HIV-production; the outcome of co-infection depending upon the balance between these opposing signals

A leaky umbrella has little value: evidence clearly indicates the serotonin system is implicated in depression.

A recent “umbrella” review examined various biomarkers relating to the serotonin system, and concluded there was no consistent evidence implicating serotonin in the pathophysiology of depression. We present reasons for why this conclusion is overstated, including methodological weaknesses in the review process, selective reporting of data, over-simplification, and errors in the interpretation of neuropsychopharmacological findings. We use the examples of tryptophan depletion and serotonergic molecular imaging, the two research areas most relevant to the investigation of serotonin, to illustrate this