8,127 research outputs found
Quantum skyrmions and the destruction of long-range antiferromagnetic order in the high-Tc superconductors La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) and YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6+x)
We study the destruction of the antiferromagnetic order in the high-Tc
superconductors La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) and YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6+x) in the framework of
the CP1-nonlinear sigma model formulation of the 2D quantum Heisenberg
antiferromagnet. The dopants are introduced as independent fermions with
appropriate dispersion relations determined by the shape of the Fermi surface.
The energy of skyrmion topological defects, which are shown to be introduced by
doping, is used as an order parameter for antiferromagnetic order. We obtain
analytic expressions for this as a function of doping which allow us to plot
the curves T_N(x_c)\times x_c and M(x)\times x, for both YBCO and LSCO, in good
quantitative agreement with the experimental data.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, 5 embeeded figure
Charge pairing, superconducting transition and supersymmetry in high-temperature cuprate superconductors
We propose a model for high-T superconductors, valid for
, that includes both the spin fluctuations of the
Cu magnetic ions and of the O doped holes. Spin-charge separation
is taken into account with the charge of the doped holes being associated to
quantum skyrmion excitations (holons) of the Cu spin background. The
holon effective interaction potential is evaluated as a function of doping,
indicating that Cooper pair formation is determined by the competition between
the spin fluctuations of the Cu background and of spins of the O
doped holes (spinons). The superconducting transition occurs when the spinon
fluctuations dominate, thereby reversing the sign of the interaction. At this
point (), the theory is supersymmetric at short distances
and, as a consequence, the leading order results are not modified by radiative
corrections. The critical doping parameter for the onset of superconductivity
at T=0 is obtained and found to be a universal constant determined by the shape
of the Fermi surface. Our theoretical values for are in good
agreement with the experiment for both LSCO and YBCO.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, no figure
Gravitational Waveguides in Cosmology
We discuss the possibility that, besides the usual gravitational lensing,
there may exist a sort of gravitational waveguiding in cosmology which could
explain some anomalous phenomena which cannot be understood by the current
gravitational lensing models as the existence of "brothers" objects having
different brilliancy but similar spectra and redshifts posed on the sky with
large angular distance. Furthermore, such a phenomena could explain the huge
luminosities coming from quasars using the cosmological structures as
selfoc-type or planar waveguide. We describe the gravitational waveguide theory
and then we discuss possible realizations in cosmology.Comment: 14 pages, latex, submitted to Int. Jou. Mod. Phys.
Search for an Near-IR Counterpart to the Cas A X-ray Point Source
We report deep near-infrared and optical observations of the X-ray point
source in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant, CXO J232327.9+584842. We have
identified a J=21.4 +/- 0.3 mag and Ks=20.5 +/- 0.3 mag source within the
1-sigma error circle, but we believe this source is a foreground Pop II star
with Teff=2600-2800 K at a distance of ~2 kpc, which could not be the X-ray
point source. We do not detect any sources in this direction at the distance of
Cas A, and therefore place 3-sigma limits of R >~ 25 mag, F675W >~ 27.3 mag, J
>~ 22.5 mag and Ks >~ 21.2 mag (and roughly H >~ 20 mag) on emission from the
X-ray point source, corresponding to M_{R} >~ 8.2 mag, M_{F675W} >~ 10.7 mag,
M_{J} >~ 8.5 mag, M_{H} >~ 6.5 mag, and M_{Ks} >~ 8.0 mag, assuming a distance
of 3.4 kpc and an extinction A_{V}=5 mag.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by Ap
Loop-Corrected Compactifications of the Heterotic String with Line Bundles
We consider the E8 x E8 heterotic string theory compactified on Calabi-Yau
manifolds with bundles containing abelian factors in their structure group.
Generic low energy consequences such as the generalised Green-Schwarz mechanism
for the multiple anomalous abelian gauge groups are studied. We also compute
the holomorphic gauge couplings and induced Fayet-Iliopoulos terms up to
one-loop order, where the latter are interpreted as stringy one-loop
corrections to the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau condition. Such models generically
have frozen combinations of Kaehler and dilaton moduli. We study concrete
bundles with structure group SU(N) x U(1)^M yielding quasi-realistic gauge
groups with chiral matter given by certain bundle cohomology classes. We also
provide a number of explicit tadpole free examples of bundles defined by exact
sequences of sums of line bundles over complete intersection Calabi-Yau spaces.
This includes one example with precisely the Standard Model gauge symmetry.Comment: 47 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX, v2: stability discussion in sect. 2.1
slightly extended, refs. added, v3: normalization of Green-Schwarz term
correcte
Statistics of non-linear stochastic dynamical systems under L\'evy noises by a convolution quadrature approach
This paper describes a novel numerical approach to find the statistics of the
non-stationary response of scalar non-linear systems excited by L\'evy white
noises. The proposed numerical procedure relies on the introduction of an
integral transform of Wiener-Hopf type into the equation governing the
characteristic function. Once this equation is rewritten as partial
integro-differential equation, it is then solved by applying the method of
convolution quadrature originally proposed by Lubich, here extended to deal
with this particular integral transform. The proposed approach is relevant for
two reasons: 1) Statistics of systems with several different drift terms can be
handled in an efficient way, independently from the kind of white noise; 2) The
particular form of Wiener-Hopf integral transform and its numerical evaluation,
both introduced in this study, are generalizations of fractional
integro-differential operators of potential type and Gr\"unwald-Letnikov
fractional derivatives, respectively.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
Witten's Vertex Made Simple
The infinite matrices in Witten's vertex are easy to diagonalize. It just
requires some SL(2,R) lore plus a Watson-Sommerfeld transformation. We
calculate the eigenvalues of all Neumann matrices for all scale dimensions s,
both for matter and ghosts, including fractional s which we use to regulate the
difficult s=0 limit. We find that s=1 eigenfunctions just acquire a p term, and
x gets replaced by the midpoint position.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX style, typos correcte
Jorge A. Swieca's contributions to quantum field theory in the 60s and 70s and their relevance in present research
After revisiting some high points of particle physics and QFT of the two
decades from 1960 to 1980, I comment on the work by Jorge Andre Swieca. I
explain how it fits into the quantum field theory during these two decades and
draw attention to its relevance to the ongoing particle physics research. A
particular aim of this article is to direct thr readers mindfulness to the
relevance of what at the time of Swieca was called "the Schwinger Higgs
screening mechanism". which, together with recent ideas which generalize the
concept of gauge theories, has all the ingredients to revolutionize the issue
of gauge theories and the standard model.Comment: 49 pages, expansion and actualization of text, improvement of
formulations and addition of many references to be published in EPJH -
Historical Perspectives on Contemporary Physic
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