Natural Leishmania sp. reservoirs and phlebotomine sandfly food source identification in the Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2014-06-24T18:32:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natural Leishmania sp. reservoirs and phlebotomine sandfly food source identification in the Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil.pdf: 324232 bytes, checksum: a8c352566ec53e6c15171099e6016e2e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-24T18:32:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natural Leishmania sp. reservoirs and phlebotomine sandfly food source identification in the Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil.pdf: 324232 bytes, checksum: a8c352566ec53e6c15171099e6016e2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012FAPEMIG, CNPq, CPqRR-FIOCRUZFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Centro de Referência Nacional e Internacional para Flebotomíneos. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Centro de Referência Nacional e Internacional para Flebotomíneos. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Centro de Referência Nacional e Internacional para Flebotomíneos. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilLeishmania spp are distributed throughout the world and different species are associated with varying degrees of disease severity. However, leishmaniasis is thought to be confined to areas of the world where its insect vectors, sandflies, are present. Phlebotomine sandflies obtain blood meals from a variety of wild and domestic animals and sometimes from humans. These vectors transmit Leishmania spp, the aetiological agent of leishmaniasis. Identification of sandfly blood meals has generally been performed using serological methods, although a few studies have used molecular procedures in artificially fed insects. In this study, cytochrome b gene (cytB) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in DNA samples isolated from 38 engorged Psychodopygus lloydi and the expected 359 bp fragment was identified from all of the samples. The amplified product was digested using restriction enzymes and analysed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). We identified food sources for 23 females; 34.8% yielded a primate-specific banding profile and 26.1% and 39.1% showed banding patterns specific to birds or mixed restriction profiles (rodent/marsupial, human/bird, rodent/marsupial/human), respectively. The food sources of 15 flies could not be identified. Two female P. lloydi were determined to be infected by Leishmania using internal transcribed spacer 1 and heat shock protein 70 kDa PCR-RFLP. The two female sandflies, both of which fed on rodents/marsupials, were further characterised as infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. These results constitute an important step towards applying methodologies based on cytB amplification as a tool for identifying the food sources of female sandflies

Ecological Aspects of Phlebotomine Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Cave of the Speleological Province of Bambuí, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-21T17:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) gustavo_carvalho_etal_IOC_2013.pdf: 428060 bytes, checksum: 91ac21fb95ec9849e3bc94828c85461c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of Leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. Sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. Caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. Several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geographical characteristics. These events can lead to the loss of geological and biological information. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to describe the sand fly fauna, including the ecological features, in a limestone cave at the Speleological Province of Bambuí (Minas Gerais State, Brazil). A total of 8,354 specimens of sandflies belonging to 29 species were analyzed: Lutzomyia cavernicola (20%), Nyssomyia intermedia (15%), Martinsmyia oliveirai (13%), Evandromyia spelunca (12%), Evandromyia sallesi (11%), Migonemyia migonei (9%), Nyssomyia whitmani (9%), Sciopemyia sordellii (4%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (2%). The others species represent 5% of the total. This manuscript presents data found on richness, diversity, evenness and seasonality, comparing the sand fly fauna trapped in the cave and its surroundings

Hourly activity and natural infection of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) captured from the aphotic zone of a cave, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2014-03-07T15:53:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hourly activity and natural infection of sandflies .pdf: 1399060 bytes, checksum: 53bdcfbfdb50a2f9f57973781c760d59 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-07T15:53:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hourly activity and natural infection of sandflies .pdf: 1399060 bytes, checksum: 53bdcfbfdb50a2f9f57973781c760d59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilSandflies are holometabolous insects that are of great epidemiological importance in the neotropical region as vectors of leishmaniases. Caves are ecotopes that significantly differ from external environments and, among the insects that live or visit their internal area and adjacent environment, sandflies are commonly found. Based on this context, the objective of this work was to examine the period of activity of sandflies in the cave environment in the aphotic zone. Thus, four sandfly captures were conducted, one in each season of the year, in a cave where studies on the bioecological aspects of sandfly fauna have been conducted since 2008. In this same study, we have also noticed the presence of flagellates in some captured females. Catches were carried out for 24 hours using a Shannon trap, light bait, and cave walls were actively searched. We collected a total of 638 sandflies, representing 11 species. The most abundant species and with more intense period of activity were, in descending order: Lu. cavernicola (62%), Ev. spelunca (16%) and Ev. sallesi (14%). A total of 69 females were dissected to check for natural infection, and in five specimens we found living flagellated forms: two Ev. spelunca, two Ev. sallesi and one Sc. sordellii. This study shows that the activity of some species caught in the aphotic zone of the cave, especially Lu. cavernicola, differs from what has already been reported in previous sandfly captures, which are almost always conducted at night and during twilight. The existence of sandflies that were naturally infected with flagellates and the lack of awareness regarding the behaviour of sandflies in cave environments are strong indicators of the need for further study on this group of insects in this ecotope, as a safety measure to protect the visitors of such environment

Monthly average of the total of specimens captured between June 2008 and May 2010, the relative humidity and the temperature in the cave and surroundings.

<p>Lassance municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.</p

Species or group of species captured monthly between June 2008 and May 2010 in both environments (inside the cave and outside of the cave) with significant differences in the numbers of the specimens.

<p>Lassance municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.</p

Distribution of the species trapped monthly, with light traps, between June 2008 and May 2010, according to the location: inside the cave and surrounding area – Lassance municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

<p>Distribution of the species trapped monthly, with light traps, between June 2008 and May 2010, according to the location: inside the cave and surrounding area – Lassance municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.</p

Sandfly species captured with Shannon trap in the four seasons: winter, spring, summer, autumn, inside the cave, Lassance/MG.

<p>Sandfly species captured with Shannon trap in the four seasons: winter, spring, summer, autumn, inside the cave, Lassance/MG.</p

Hourly activity of the most abundant species captured with Shannon trap in winter, spring, summer and autumn, in the aphotic zone of the cave - Lassance/MG – Brazil.

<p>Hourly activity of the most abundant species captured with Shannon trap in winter, spring, summer and autumn, in the aphotic zone of the cave - Lassance/MG – Brazil.</p

Shannon trap inside the cave, Lassance/MG.

<p>Shannon trap inside the cave, Lassance/MG.</p

Total of sandflies captured with Shannon trap in winter, spring, summer and autumn, in the aphotic zone of the cave - Lassance/MG – Brazil.

<p>Total of sandflies captured with Shannon trap in winter, spring, summer and autumn, in the aphotic zone of the cave - Lassance/MG – Brazil.</p