Atividade in vitro dos benzimidazóis: oxfendazole, fenbedazole, albendazole e thiabendazole em nematódeos gastrintestinais de caprinos

This study was carried out to determine and to compare the "in vitro" activity of the benzimidazoles: oxfendazole, fenbendazole, albendazole and thiabendazole on caprine gastrointestinal nematodes. Fecal cultures were performed and treated with benzimidazole anthelminths using five different concentrations: 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 ppm. Five fecal cultures were prepared for each concentration, using distilled water in the control cultures. Thiabendazole and albendazole, showed the highest reduction percentage of infective larvae of Haemonchus, Strongyloides and of free living females of Stongyloides. Oxfendazole ranked in an intermediate position, and fenbendazole had the lowest efficacy. Against the infective larvae of Trichostrongylus, oxfendazole, albendazole and thiabendazole had efficacy higher than 95%, whereas fenbendazole was lower 95.0%. Infective larvae of Oesophagostomum were reduced by all four benzimidazoles tested with efficiencies above 96%.O trabalho foi executado com o objetivo de determinar e comparar a atividade "in vitro" dos benzimidazóis: oxfendazole, fenbendazole, albendazole e thiabendazole em nematódeos gastrintestinais, de caprinos. Para isto, realizaram-se coproculturas que foram tratadas com anti-helmínticos benzimidazóis, em cinco concentrações diferentes: 6,25; 12,5; 25,0; 50,0 e 100,0 ppm, para cada um dos produtos, com cinco coproculturas por concentração. Grupos de coproculturas que serviram de testemunha receberam água destilada. O thiabendazole e o albendazole, independentemente da concentração testada, apresentaram os maiores percentuais de redução de larvas infectantes de Haemonchus, Strongyloides e fêmeas, de Strongyloides de vida livre, ficando o oxfendazole numa posição intermediária e o fenbendazote na posição mais baixa. Para larvas infectantes de Trichostrongylus, o oxfendazole, o albendazole e o thiabendazole apresentaram percentagem de redução acima de 95,0%, sendo que o fenbendazole apresentou percentuais de redução inferiores a 95,0%. Para as larvas infectantes de Oesophagostomum, os quatro benzimidazóis testados apresentaram percentagens de redução acima de 96,0%

Atividade anti-helmíntica de 3-fenil-1-(tiofen-2-il)prop-2-en-1-ona contra ovos de Fasciola hepatica

O Brasil possui o maior rebanho bovino comercial do mundo, em que parasitoses apresentam importância veterinária devido ao impacto econômico que acarretam. Os animais se infectam com Fasciola hepatica ao consumir água e vegetação de fonte de água contaminada com formas infectantes a qual afeta o fígado, em decorrência de se alojarem nos ductos biliares (LEVY, 2015). Estima-se que a perda econômica devido a está infecção gire em torno de 3 bilhões de dólares ao ano no mundo (CWIKLINSKI et al., 2016). A resistência aos atuais anti-helmínticos é um problema crescente e, somado aos poucos fármacos que estão disponíveis no mercado, ressalta a importância da descoberta de novos compostos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar a atividade ovicida, em diferentes concentrações da chalcona 3-fenil-1-(tiofen-2-il)prop-2-en-1-ona por meio de teste de eclosão de ovos

In Vitro Activity of the Lamiaceae Family Species on Ancylostoma spp. Eggs

Abstract The in vitro anthelmintic activity of essential oils from the Lamiaceae family species against Ancylostoma spp. eggs was evaluated, as well as the chemical composition by GC/MS of these essential oils. The major chemical compounds for O. vulgare were 4-terpineol, while for the essential oil of O. majorana, o 4-terpineol, and for the oil of R. officinalis it was observed cineole as major components. For this, hatchability tests were performed, where the parasite eggs were exposed to concentrations of 0.07% to 2.5% of the essential oils of Origanum vulgare, Origanum majorana and Rosmarinus officinalis. The assay was accompanied by a control with thiabendazole hydrochloride, a control with distilled water and a control with tween 80. The chemical composition of each essential oil sample was determined by gas chromatography. It was observed that all oils showed ovicidal action, and the percentage of inhibition of hatchability of R. officinalis oil was greater than 90% at concentrations from 0.62% to 2.5%. As for the essential oils of O. vulgare and O. majorana, the concentrations of 0.31% to 2.5% were those that presented an inhibitory percentage greater than 90%. Thus, this study showed that the essential oils of R. officinalis, O. vulgare and O. majorana inhibit the hatchability of Ancylostoma spp., being promising for the control of this helminth

Metazoan parasites of Geophagus brasiliensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in Patos lagoon, extreme south of Brazil

Abstract This study has evaluated the parasitic fauna of 79 pearl cichlids (Geophagus brasiliensis) from the estuary of Patos Lagoon (31° 57' S and 52° 06' W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the months of May and June in 2011 and 2012. All the hosts analyzed were infected with at least one species of parasite. A total of eleven metazoa were identified in 459 specimens collected. The trematode Austrodiplostomum compactum (34.2%) and ergasilids Ergasilus lizae (32.9%) and Gauchergasilus lizae (32.9%) were the most prevalent species. The trematodes Thometrema overstreeti and Posthodiplostomum sp. had significantly higher prevalence in fish longer than 20 cm. The sex of the host had no effect on parasite prevalence and abundance. Pearl cichlids are registered as a new host for the trematodes Lobatostoma sp., Homalometron pseudopallidum and Thometrema overstreeti, for the ergasilids Ergasilus lizae and Gauchergasilus euripedesi and for the argulid Argulus spinolosus. The crustacean E. lizae is recorded in Rio Grande do Sul for the first time