15 research outputs found
Facial expressions of emotions during pharmacological and exercise stress testing:The role of myocardial ischemia and cardiac symptoms
Background Negative emotions have been linked to ischemic heart disease, but existing research typically involves self-report methods and little is known about non-verbal facial emotion expression. The role of ischemia and anginal symptoms in emotion expression was examined. Methods Patients undergoing cardiac stress testing (CST) using bicycle exercise or adenosine with myocardial perfusion imaging were included (N = 256, mean age 66.8 +/- 8.7 year., 43% women). Video images and emotion expression (sadness, anxiety, anger, and happiness) were analyzed at baseline, initial CST , maximal CST, recovery. Nuclear images were evaluated using SPECT. Results Ischemia (N = 89; 35%) was associated with higher levels of sadness (p = .017, d = 0.34) and lower happiness (p = .015, d = 0.30). During recovery, patients with both ischemia and anginal symptoms had the highest sadness expression (F (3,254) = 3.67, p = .013, eta(2) = 0.042) and the lowest happiness expression (F (3, 254) = 4.19, p = .006, eta(2) = .048). Conclusion Sadness and reduced happiness were more common in patients with ischemia. Also, anginal symptoms were associated with more negative emotions
Renewable Energy Cooperatives as a Stimulating Factor in Household Energy Savings
Little is known about how renewable energy cooperatives (REScoops) try to influence energy conservation among households and the resulting impact. In this article the main research question is: What is the predictive value of renewable energy cooperatives on intention to save energy, engagement in energy-saving actions, and self-reported energy conservation by households? A survey was conducted to answer this question. Data analysis involved multivariate and binary logistic regression on data from two cooperatives: Ecopower (Belgium; N = 1000) and Enercoop (France; N = 8290). Results show that in addition to psychological and socio-demographic variables, REScoop items modestly contribute to the explained variation in engagement in energy-saving actions and reported energy conservation. At Enercoop 18.2% of the respondents indicated that their cooperative contributed to household energy savings; for Ecopower this figure was 36.9%. Moreover, at Enercoop, 38.7% of the respondents reported consuming less energy since obtaining cooperative membership; at Ecopower this was 64.7%. The article concludes with suggestions for future research.Organisation and Governanc
Renewable Energy Cooperatives as a Stimulating Factor in Household Energy Savings
Little is known about how renewable energy cooperatives (REScoops) try to influence energy conservation among households and the resulting impact. In this article the main research question is: What is the predictive value of renewable energy cooperatives on intention to save energy, engagement in energy-saving actions, and self-reported energy conservation by households? A survey was conducted to answer this question. Data analysis involved multivariate and binary logistic regression on data from two cooperatives: Ecopower (Belgium; N = 1000) and Enercoop (France; N = 8290). Results show that in addition to psychological and socio-demographic variables, REScoop items modestly contribute to the explained variation in engagement in energy-saving actions and reported energy conservation. At Enercoop 18.2% of the respondents indicated that their cooperative contributed to household energy savings; for Ecopower this figure was 36.9%. Moreover, at Enercoop, 38.7% of the respondents reported consuming less energy since obtaining cooperative membership; at Ecopower this was 64.7%. The article concludes with suggestions for future research
Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and obstructive coronary artery disease
Study objective Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is caused by vascular dysfunctions and predominantly seen in women. For better recognition and prevention more insight is needed on risk factors and well-being. We aimed to explore differences in psychological distress, quality of life, risk factors, and medication use between women with INOCA and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients from two separate studies (n = 373, 57 % women) completed a questionnaire assessing psychological and clinical factors. Analyses were performed for women only who were categorized into three groups: non-ischemic chest pain (n = 115), INOCA (n = 68), and obstructive CAD (n = 30). Secondary analyses were performed for men only, and sex differences within INOCA patients were explored. Results and conclusion Compared to obstructive CAD patients, INOCA patients reported better physical functioning (p = 0.041). Furthermore, INOCA patients had less often hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.001), were less often active smokers (p = 0.062), had a lower mean BMI (p = 0.022), and reported more often a familial history of CAD (p = 0.004). Patients with INOCA used antithrombotic, cholesterol lowering medications, and beta-blockers less often than patients with obstructive CAD. No differences between patients with INOCA and obstructive CAD were found for psychological distress, well-being, and for women-specific risk factors. The results suggest that women with INOCA experience similar levels of psychological distress and seem to have different risk factor profiles and are less optimally treated as compared to obstructive CAD patients. Further research on risk factors is needed for better prevention and treatment
Ocean state diagnostics from scatterometers
International Ocean Vector Winds Science Team Workshop (2017 IOVWST), 2-4 May 2017, San Diego, CaliforniaWind and stress climatologies are shown from both scatterometers and atmosperic reanalyses by models, sampled and systematic monitoring artefacts in reanalyses and thus establishes confidence in the reliability of monitorng by reanalyses to identify. In a preliminary analysis, we observe very persistent differences and large discrepancies between scatterometer and reanalyses in the derivatives, i.e., in wind stress divergence and curlPeer Reviewe
Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and obstructive coronary artery disease
Study objective: Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is caused by vascular dysfunctions and predominantly seen in women. For better recognition and prevention more insight is needed on risk factors and well-being. We aimed to explore differences in psychological distress, quality of life, risk factors, and medication use between women with INOCA and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Patients from two separate studies (n = 373, 57 % women) completed a questionnaire assessing psychological and clinical factors. Analyses were performed for women only who were categorized into three groups: non-ischemic chest pain (n = 115), INOCA (n = 68), and obstructive CAD (n = 30). Secondary analyses were performed for men only, and sex differences within INOCA patients were explored. Results and conclusion: Compared to obstructive CAD patients, INOCA patients reported better physical functioning (p = 0.041). Furthermore, INOCA patients had less often hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.001), were less often active smokers (p = 0.062), had a lower mean BMI (p = 0.022), and reported more often a familial history of CAD (p = 0.004). Patients with INOCA used antithrombotic, cholesterol lowering medications, and beta-blockers less often than patients with obstructive CAD. No differences between patients with INOCA and obstructive CAD were found for psychological distress, well-being, and for women-specific risk factors. The results suggest that women with INOCA experience similar levels of psychological distress and seem to have different risk factor profiles and are less optimally treated as compared to obstructive CAD patients. Further research on risk factors is needed for better prevention and treatment
Facial emotion expression and the inducibility of myocardial ischemia during Cardiac stress testing: The role of psychological background factors
Objective Negative emotional states, such as anger and anxiety, are associated with the onset of myocardial infarction and other acute clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease. The likelihood of experiencing these short-term negative emotions has been associated with long-term psychological background factors such as depression, generalized anxiety, and personality factors. We examined the association of acute emotional states preceding cardiac stress testing (CST) with inducibility of myocardial ischemia and to what extent psychological background factors account for this association. Methods Emotional states were assessed in patients undergoing CST (n = 210; mean [standard deviation] age = 66.9 [8.2] years); 91 (43%) women) using self-report measures and video recordings of facial emotion expression. Video recordings were analyzed for expressed anxiety, anger, sadness, and happiness before CST. Psychological background factors were assessed with validated questionnaires. Single-photon emission computed tomography was used to evaluate inducibility of ischemia. Results Ischemia occurred in 72 patients (34%). Emotional states were not associated with subsequent inducibility of ischemia during CST (odds ratio between 0.93 and 1.04; p values > .50). Psychological background factors were also not associated with ischemia (odds ratio between 0.96 and 1.06 per scale unit; p values > .20) and did not account for the associations of emotional states with ischemia. Conclusions Emotional states immediately before CST and psychological background factors were not associated with the inducibility of ischemia. These findings indicate that the well-documented association between negative emotions with acute clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease requires a different explanation than a reduced threshold for inducible ischemia
Facial expressions of emotions during pharmacological and exercise stress testing: The role of myocardial ischemia and cardiac symptoms
Background Negative emotions have been linked to ischemic heart disease, but existing research typically involves self-report methods and little is known about non-verbal facial emotion expression. The role of ischemia and anginal symptoms in emotion expression was examined. Methods Patients undergoing cardiac stress testing (CST) using bicycle exercise or adenosine with myocardial perfusion imaging were included (N = 256, mean age 66.8 +/- 8.7 year., 43% women). Video images and emotion expression (sadness, anxiety, anger, and happiness) were analyzed at baseline, initial CST , maximal CST, recovery. Nuclear images were evaluated using SPECT. Results Ischemia (N = 89; 35%) was associated with higher levels of sadness (p = .017, d = 0.34) and lower happiness (p = .015, d = 0.30). During recovery, patients with both ischemia and anginal symptoms had the highest sadness expression (F (3,254) = 3.67, p = .013, eta(2) = 0.042) and the lowest happiness expression (F (3, 254) = 4.19, p = .006, eta(2) = .048). Conclusion Sadness and reduced happiness were more common in patients with ischemia. Also, anginal symptoms were associated with more negative emotions