Renewable Energy of Biogas Through Integrated Organic Cycle System in Tropical System

Energy is a critical requirement for economic development and specifically to improve the conditions that influence all aspects of human welfare. However, the majority of people in developing countries have no access to reliable and affordable domestic energy sources. Development of organic material as sources of renewable energy through biomass, biogas, biofuel, bioreactor, algae fuel, biohydrogen, and so on, with better biotechnology by genetic improvement, environmental manipulation, purification, packing, compressing, are important for sustainable development. Biogas becomes one of the solutions to meet the energy need in rural areas of developing countries. However, the implementation of biogas has many challenges. Biogas produced from different biosources may contain pollutants that should be removed. The quality of biogas, represented by methane enrichment, can be improved with biogas purification technology. Removing the pollutants is recommended to avoid severe downstream damage and to increase the calorific value. This chapter discusses biogas purification

Kejadian Fascioliasis pada Sapi Perah di Kecamatan Tegalombo, Kabupaten Pacitan

Fascioliasis adalah penyakit cacing hati yang dapat menyerang sapi dan sangat merugikan, karena dapat menurunkan produktivitas. Peternakan sapi perah di Tegalombo, Pacitan merupakan peternakan rakyat yang pengelolaannya banyak melibatkan perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi fascioliasis pada sapi perah di kecamatan Tegalombo, kabupaten Pacitan. Sebanyak 50 ekor sapi perah digunakan sebagai sampel di dalam penelitian ini. Semua sapi diperiksa secara fisik, diambil fesesnya dan diperiksa adanya telur cacing Fasciola sp. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik sapi secara klinis menunjukkan bahwa semua sapi pada penelitian ini menunjukkan kondisi umum normal, nafsu makan baik, serta tidak ada abnormalitas yang signifikan pada semua bagian tubuh, sehingga dinyatakan sehat secara fisik. Hasil pemeriksaan sampel feses didapatkan adanya telur cacing Fasciola sp. pada 2 dari 50 ekor sapi (4%), sedangkan 48 ekor sapi lainnya (96 %) tidak ditemukan telur cacing. Kesimpulan dari peneltian ini adalah kejadian fascioliasis pada sapi perah di Tegalombo, kabupaten Pacitan rendah. Pemeriksaan secara periodik terhadap kemungkinan fascioliasis perlu dilakukan, sebagai langkah penanggulangan fascioliasis di daerah tersebut

Can Farmers' Wives Adopt New Technology? Case: Milk Processing during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Tahunan Village, Pacitan Regency, Indonesia

This paper draws from our experience in assisting the midwives of milk farmers in learning how to process milk to raise their family income. We focus on 136 housewives of dairy farmers (all members of dairy farmer groups) in Tahunan village, Tegalombo sub-regency, Pacitan regency in Indonesia. There is only one collector in the area, PT DAS, sub-contracting from Nestle Indonesia. The problem happened when there is an over-supply, and the milk collector refuses to process the farmer's milk. For this reason, we have been assisting the dairy farm wives to process the milk and sell it to the local market since 2018. We start with the introduction of the plan to all dairy farm members (both the husband and the wives), then survey the availability of time the wives have. We focus on the wives because the husband is responsible for taking care of the cows. Also, we investigate the potential of local products (empon-empon, traditional roots such as ginger, turmeric) that can be processed together with the milk. The local product is chosen because of the familiarity of the potential customer with the flavor of the product. Introduction of the new technology to process milk at the beginning and the accompaniment are the keys to the acceptance of the activities

Can Farmers' Wives Adopt New Technology? Case: Milk Processing during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Tahunan Village, Pacitan Regency, Indonesia

This paper draws from our experience in assisting the midwives of milk farmers in learning how to process milk to raise their family income. We focus on 136 housewives of dairy farmers (all members of dairy farmer groups) in Tahunan village, Tegalombo sub-regency, Pacitan regency in Indonesia. There is only one collector in the area, PT DAS, sub-contracting from Nestle Indonesia. The problem happened when there is an over-supply, and the milk collector refuses to process the farmer's milk. For this reason, we have been assisting the dairy farm wives to process the milk and sell it to the local market since 2018. We start with the introduction of the plan to all dairy farm members (both the husband and the wives), then survey the availability of time the wives have. We focus on the wives because the husband is responsible for taking care of the cows. Also, we investigate the potential of local products (empon-empon, traditional roots such as ginger, turmeric) that can be processed together with the milk. The local product is chosen because of the familiarity of the potential customer with the flavor of the product. Introduction of the new technology to process milk at the beginning and the accompaniment are the keys to the acceptance of the activities

Characterization of Natural Zeolite and Chicken Manure Derived Biochar for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in Biogas

Although biogas is clean and environmentally friendly, its existence is often unsustainable, especially in rural area. Consumption of fossil fuel energy still dominates because cheaper, higher in energy efficiency and ready to use than biogas. One of the efforts to make biogas can compete with fossil fuel energy is by increasing calorific value. Reduction of carbon dioxide by adsorption enhances the calorific value that evidenced by methane enrichment. In this study, we investigated the effect three types of combined adsorbent: pure natural zeolite (Z-Z), zeolite-biochar from chicken manure (Z-B1) and zeolite-modified biochar (Z-B2) on methane content. The result showed that adsorption of biogas using Z-Z, Z-B1 and Z-B2 increased methane level with enhancement of 1,36; 28,92; and 11,27% respectively compared before adsorption. To confirm whether these results were influenced by adsorbent’s character or not as consequence adsorbent characterization have been done in this study

How return sludge increase biogas production from cow manure?

The energy needs in Indonesia are mainly fulfilled by fossil fuels based energy. Since there is the rise of fuel price, Indonesia government considers seeking alternative energies from renewable resources. Biogas becomes one of the alternative energy that supplies energy needs and manages cow manure waste in Indonesia. To increase adoption of biogas technology, biogas production through methane enrichment is required. The experiment was conducted with return sludge system. These instruments consist of a series portable bio-digester, gas holder and return sludge unit. There were three treatments on biogas production without and with sludge addition or re-use bio-digester sludge that produced after biogas production as raw material for next biogas production. Biogas that produced was observed every two days during 40 days. The results showed that the addition of bio-digester sludge increased biogas production and methane concentration. The optimum retention time of biogas production with sludge addition was 20 days with accumulation biogas volume of 156.38 liters or increased of 38.75 from biogas production without bio-digester sludge). The optimum retention time to increase methane level was 15 days with methane enrichment from 0.8% to 29.41%

The Effect of Cattle’s Feed Treatment on Biogas Upgrading

The success of biogas technology to produce methane is also affected by cattle feed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of feeds on methane production. Three types of these feed treatments were as follows: low-energy feed, high-energy diet, and restricted high-energy diet. Every 10 days until 40 days of the fermentation process, methane contents in biogas were measured. The results showed that biogas produced from cattle manure was affected by feed treatment. Different types of feed significantly affected on the level of biogas volume. The results also showed that after 40 days of anaerobic digestion, the highest methane production was obtained from cattle fed with low energy feed. From this study, we concluded that the biogas upgrading can be achieved by giving low-energy feed treatment. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

The Challenges of Food Sovereignty’s Program by Global Climate Change in Tropical Ecosystem in Indonesia

Destruction of the earth and global climate change has now become a painful reality. Excessive exploitation of natural resources up to 1.7 times beyond the earth’s carrying capacity and contrary to nature-based development makes the dark future earth. Our earth, which is 4.5 billion years old, has been inhabited by around 7.3 billion people. The present and future population explosion require a giant leap to provide sufficient food to sustain life on earth. Lack of food, water, and energy supplies has triggered new widespread conflicts throughout the world. Located in tropical ecosystems, Indonesia is one of the megadiverse nations with the highest biological productivity in the world. However, these advantages are coming with a significant challenge. Having all of those natural potentials, Indonesia holds a crucial responsibility in global life cycle equilibration, not only in terms of environmental issues, such as climate change and biodiversity, but also a socio-economy-cultural issue. Therefore, balance management is needed to utilize the resources while preserving them for generations ahead wisely. Moreover, the challenge is even more significant with the COVID-19 pandemic, which hit the all-economy sector in the real world. In combination with the COVID-19 pandemic, global climate change could somehow obstruct the food sovereignty program that the Indonesian government has formulated. However, with solid food security and sovereignty system integrated from upstream to downstream, Indonesia could build a strong foundation for national food sovereignty. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD 2022) organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia on 7th-8th December 2022.  ICCEESD is a biannual forum for sharing, benchmarking, and discussing HEI’s activities in developing Education for Sustainable Development towards community engagement. Education for Sustainability as a teaching strategy for resolving community challenges through formal, informal, or non-formal education is expected to benefit from various community service best practices by academics, researchers, and students. The 3rd ICCEESD has “Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community Engagement” as its theme this year. It is expected that the 3rd ICCEESD will provide a forum for the presenters and participants to exchange best practices, policies, and conceptual implementation of Education for Sustainability towards better community engagement and explore ideas to address community needs.  Conference Title: 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable DevelopmentConference Theme: Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community EngagementConference Acronyms: ICCEESD 2022Conference Date: 7th-8th December 2022Conference Location: Grand Rohan Jogja Yogyakarta, IndonesiaConference Organizer: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesi