Relationships between macroeconomics indicators and investments of enterprises : evidence from Poland

PURPOSE: The paper aims to analyze the impact of macroeconomics factors, including their delay on investments of enterprises in Poland in the years 2005-2018.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The authors use statistical analysis to verify the hypotheses. First, the test of KPSS was done to check the stationarity of the variables. The next step was to calculate coefficients of linear correlation of Pearson between two subgroups of variables. After that, the causality of Granger was done.FINDINGS: There is a relationship between actual investment spending of enterprises and the value of economic growth and its components but only in some cases. Moreover, past investments have a negative impact on investment spending of medium and large-sized companies. However, there is no evidence that inventory investments influence the investment spending of enterprises, and fiscal preferences positively impact on changes in the value of actual investment spending of companies.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings could change the rules of preparing predictions for investment spending in Poland. Furthermore, it may affect the changes in fiscal preferences.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The paper contributes to the macroeconomics theory in the area of economic growth. Furthermore, it also makes insights into the theory of incentives, particularly in fiscal preferences.peer-reviewe

Bogactwo i bieda: próba refleksji humanistycznej

Ze wstępu: "Niniejsza książka jest efektem pracy zespołu realizującego program badań „Bogactwo i bieda - postawy, opinie, zachowania (badania w środowisku studentów Akademii Górniczo- Hutniczej)” w ramach grantu uczelnianego (G. U. Z. 10.430). Projekt ten nawiązuje do tradycji badań środowiska studenckiego AGH, które zapoczątkował przed laty profesor Julian Bugiel. Prezentowana praca tworzy pewną całość wraz z wątkami problemowymi realizowanych wcześniej badań: w latach 2000-2001 „Agresja i przemoc - postawy, opinie, zachowania (badania w środowisku studentów AGH)” (G. U. Z. 21.10.430.69), jak również z badaniami przeprowadzonymi w roku 2002 „Tolerancja i nietolerancja - postawy, opinie, zachowania (badania w środowisku studentów AGH)” (G. U. Z. 21.10.430.48)."(...

One-step immunopurification and lectinochemical characterization of the Duffy atypical chemokine receptor from human erythrocytes

Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines (DARC) is a glycosylated seven-transmembrane protein acting as a blood group antigen, a chemokine binding protein and a receptor for Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite. It is present on erythrocytes and endothelial cells of postcapillary venules. The N-terminal extracellular domain of the Duffy glycoprotein carries Fya/Fyb blood group antigens and Fy6 linear epitope recognized by monoclonal antibodies. Previously, we have shown that recombinant Duffy protein expressed in K562 cells has three N-linked oligosaccharide chains, which are mainly of complex-type. Here we report a one-step purification method of Duffy protein from human erythrocytes. DARC was extracted from erythrocyte membranes in the presence of 1% n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM) and 0.05% cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) and purified by affinity chromatography using immobilized anti-Fy6 2C3 mouse monoclonal antibody. Duffy glycoprotein was eluted from the column with synthetic DFEDVWN peptide containing epitope for 2C3 monoclonal antibody. In this single-step immunoaffinity purification method we obtained highly purified DARC, which migrates in SDS-polyacrylamide gel as a major diffuse band corresponding to a molecular mass of 40–47 kDa. In ELISA purified Duffy glycoprotein binds anti-Duffy antibodies recognizing epitopes located on distinct regions of the molecule. Results of circular dichroism measurement indicate that purified DARC has a high content of α-helical secondary structure typical for chemokine receptors. Analysis of DARC glycans performed by means of lectin blotting and glycosidase digestion suggests that native Duffy N-glycans are mostly triantennary complex-type, terminated with α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialic acid residues with bisecting GlcNAc and α1-6-linked fucose at the core

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to determine the shoreline of natural watercourses

The aim of the paper was to study the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to determine the shoreline of natural watercourses

Determinants of Investments in Energy Sector in Poland

There is much research about the determinants of investments, but there is a shortage of similar studies for Poland. Therefore, the overall goal of the paper is to analyze the determinants of investments made by enterprises from the energy sector as well as their delays in Poland in the years 2000–2019. In this period, a strong growth of investments in energy was observed in the country. In connection to this, the authors set four hypotheses and verified them with the following statistical methods: canonical analysis, linear and causality correlation, autocorrelation and cointegration tests. The paper found that there is a relationship between public consumption and investment spending of small enterprises in Poland. That means that only some macroeconomic parameters are connected with investments. Moreover, the changes in the value of past investments has a negative influence in current investments