The use of dual-lumen balloon for embolization of peripheral arteriovenous malformations

PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the embolization of peripheral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with non-adhesive liquid agents (NALA) injected by dual-lumen balloons (DLB).METHODSWe conducted a multicenter retrospective study between January 2017 and June 2019, including patients with peripheral AVM embolized with NALA by DLB. Fourteen patients were included. The AVM classification, technical and clinical success were evaluated, as were nidus size, liquid agent used, volume and time of injection in DLB, complications, follow-up and need of surgical intervention.RESULTSThe mean age of the patients was 37±22.5 years (range, 6–82 years). The mean nidus size was 5.2±2.4 cm (range, 3.0–12.0 cm). By Schobinger classification, 11 AVMs were classified in stage 3 and 3 AVMs were classified in stage 2. By Cho’s classification, 2 AVMs were in stage II, 4 AVMs were in stage I, 4 AVMs were in stage IIIa and 4 AVMs were in stage IIIb. Onyx was used in 11 patients (78.6%), while Squid, PHIL, and both Onyx and Squid were used in one patient each (7.1%). Seven patients (50%) required one session of embolization, 4 patients (28.6%) required two, 2 patients (14.3%) required three and 1 patient (7.1%) required four sessions. Complete nidus exclusion was achieved in 11 patients (78.6%), optimal clinical response in 12 patients (85.7%). Four patients (28.6%) exhibited minor complications, all controlled. No major complications were seen. Four patients underwent surgical intervention (28.6%). CONCLUSIONThe embolization of peripheral AVM with NALA in DLB appears to be safe and feasible, achieving high rates of technical and clinical success

Fístulas artério-venosas durais intracranianas com drenagem venosa leptomeníngea direta: tratamento endovascular primário com injeção intra-arterial de etilenovinil álcool copolímero a 6% (onyx-18®)

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-14T00:24:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marco_t_lio_salles_rezende.pdf: 25686229 bytes, checksum: 168d1b88b2636af32d1306a8f814570b (MD5) Previous issue date: 9As fístulas artério-venosas durais (FAVDs) podem manifestar-se com sintomas graves, especialmente se existe drenagem venosa leptomeníngea direta. Este estudo relata experiência preliminar na embolização intra-arterial de FAVDs com drenagem venosa leptomeníngea direta usando-se solução deetileno vinil álcool copolímero a 6% (Onyx®-18)Métodos: Foram tratados 13 pacientes portadores de FAVDs com drenagem leptomeníngea direta: 11 do tipo IV e dois do tipo III (Cognard). O tratamento consistiu na embolização intra-arterial usandose Onyx-18®. Angiografias realizadas imediatamenteapós o tratamento, evolução clínica e angiografias de controle após seis meses foram avaliadas. Resultados: A oclusão completa da fístula foi alcançada em todos os pacientes. Somente um procedimento e a injeção em apenas um pedículo arterial foi realizada. Durante o acompanhamento, dez pacientes ficaram livres de sintomas, três melhoraram e nenhum piorou. Angiografias de controle após seis meses do tratamento não evidenciaram FAVD recorrente. Conclusão: Considerou-se a embolização intraarterial com Onyx® uma valiosa opção terapêutica nos pacientes portadores de FAVDs com drenagem venosa leptomeníngea direta, uma vez que mostrou ser factível, segura e efetiva.Introduction: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) may have aggressive symptoms, especially if there is direct leptomeningeal venous drainage. We report our preliminary experience in transarterial embolization of DAVFs with direct leptomeningeal venous drainage usingethyl vinyl alcohol copolymer(Onyx®).Methods: thirteen patients with DAVFs with direct leptomeningeal venous drainage were treated:eleven type IV and two type III (Cognard). Treatment consisted of transarterial embolization using Onyx-18®. Immediate post treatment angiographies, clinical outcome and 6-month follow-up angiographies were studied.Results: Complete occlusion of the fistula was achieved in all patients with only one procedure and injection in only one arterial pedicle. On follow-up, ten patients became free from symptoms, three improved and no one deteriorated.Follow-up angiographies showed no evidence of recurrent DAVF.Conclusion: We recommend that transarterial Onyx® embolization of DAVFs with direct leptomeningeal venous drainage be considered as a treatment option, while it showed to be feasible, safe and effective

Number of coils necessary to treat cerebral aneurysms according to each size group: a study based on a series of 952 embolized aneurysms

OBJECTIVE: The Brazilian public health system determines a quantity of coils allowed to treat a cerebral aneurysm. The goal of this paper was to determine the number of coils necessary to treat an aneurysm based on size. METHODS: All patients harboring an aneurysm treated by endovascular approach between 1999 and 2003 were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 952 aneurysms included. Mean diameter sac was 8.2 mm with 7.9 coils per aneurysm. Out of 462 small aneurysms, mean size was 4.8 mm, with 4.6 coils/aneurysm used. A total of 315 medium aneurysms were treated, mean size was 8.6 mm, with 8.2 coils. Out of 135 large, mean size was 17 mm, with 16.1 coils. Forty giant aneurysms were treated with a mean size of 32 mm and 28.7 coils. CONCLUSIONS: We propose size as a reference to predict the number of coils necessary to treat each aneurysm: one coil for each millimeter of diameter

Prótese meniscal de polímero bioabsorvível: estudo em coelhos Bioresorbable polymeric meniscal prosthesis: study in rabbits

OBJETIVO: Obter o crescimento de um neomenisco por entre as porosidades da prótese com objetivo de proteger a cartilagem articular do joelho. MÉTODOS: Foram operados 70 joelhos de 35 coelhos Nova Zelândia com idades entre cinco e sete meses, pesando entre dois e 3,8 quilogramas, sendo 22 machos e 13 fêmeas. Submetidos no mesmo tempo cirúrgico à meniscectomia medial nos dois joelhos, em um lado foi implantada prótese meniscal de polímero bioabsorvível composta por 70% de poli (dioxanona) e 30% de poli (L-ácido láctico). Realizada eutanásia com diferentes tempos pós-implante. Os côndilos femorais mediais e o neomenisco foram submetidos à análise histológica, observando-se a degradação e absorção da prótese, o crescimento de tecido meniscal na mesma, e o grau de degradação da cartilagem articular dos côndilos femorais, medido pelo histograma. RESULTADOS: Os dados obtidos avaliaram o crescimento de tecido histologicamente semelhante ao menisco normal, com absorção gradual da prótese e a porcentagem de condrócitos no lado controle e no lado com implante da prótese. CONCLUSÕES: Ocorreu crescimento de tecido por entre os poros da prótese com características histológicas semelhantes a do menisco normal de coelho. A cartilagem articular dos côndilos femorais no lado com implante da prótese apresenta maior número de condrócitos em todas as suas camadas.<br>OBJECTIVE: To induce the ingrowth of a neomeniscus between the pores of the prosthesis in order to protect the articular cartilage of the knee. METHODS: 70 knees of 35 New Zealand rabbits were operated. The rabbits were five to seven months old, weighed 2 to 3.8 kilograms. 22 were male and 13 were female. Each animal underwent medial meniscectomy in both knees during the same time of surgery, having a bioresorbable polymeric meniscal prosthesis composed of 70% polydioxanone and 30% L-lactic acid polymer implanted in one side. They were submitted to euthanasia after different post-operative time points. The femoral condyles and the neomeniscus were submitted to histological analysis. Histogram was employed to analyze tissue ingrowth into the prosthesis, degradation and absorption of the prosthesis and tissue ingrowth and degradation of the femoral condyle cartilage. RESULTS: The data obtained evaluated the ingrowth of tissue histologically resembling a normal meniscus, with gradual prosthesis absorption and the percentage of chondrocytes on the control side and prosthesis side. CONCLUSION: Tissue ingrowth into the porous prosthesis histologically resembling a normal rabbit meniscus was observed. The articular cartilage of the femoral condyles on the prosthesis side presented more chondrocytes in all its layers

Complete genome analysis of Tequatrovirus ufvareg1, a Tequatrovirus species inhibiting Escherichia coli O157:H7

IntroductionBacteriophages infecting human pathogens have been considered potential biocontrol agents, and studying their genetic content is essential to their safe use in the food industry. Tequatrovirus ufvareg1 is a bacteriophage named UFV-AREG1, isolated from cowshed wastewater and previously tested for its ability to inhibit Escherichia coli O157:H7.MethodsT. ufvareg1 was previously isolated using E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43895) as a bacterial host. The same strain was used for bacteriophage propagation and the one-step growth curve. The genome of the T. ufvareg1 was sequenced using 305 Illumina HiSeq, and the genome comparison was calculated by VIRIDIC and VIPTree.ResultsHere, we characterize its genome and compare it to other Tequatrovirus. T. ufvareg1 virions have an icosahedral head (114 x 86 nm) and a contracted tail (117 x 23 nm), with a latent period of 25 min, and an average burst size was 18 phage particles per infected E. coli cell. The genome of the bacteriophage T. ufvareg1 contains 268 coding DNA sequences (CDS) and ten tRNA genes distributed in both negative and positive strains. T. ufvareg1 genome also contains 40 promoters on its regulatory regions and two rho-independent terminators. T. ufvareg1 shares an average intergenomic similarity (VIRIDC) of 88.77% and an average genomic similarity score (VipTree) of 88.91% with eight four reference genomes for Tequatrovirus available in the NCBI RefSeq database. The pan-genomic analysis confirmed the high conservation of Tequatrovirus genomes. Among all CDS annotated in the T. ufvareg1 genome, there are 123 core genes, 38 softcore genes, 94 shell genes, and 13 cloud genes. None of 268 CDS was classified as being exclusive of T. ufvareg1.ConclusionThe results in this paper, combined with other previously published findings, indicate that T. ufvareg1 bacteriophage is a potential candidate for food protection against E. coli O157:H7 in foods

Brazilian guidelines for endovascular treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke

ABSTRACT These guidelines are the result of a joint effort from writing groups of the Brazilian Stroke Society, the Scientific Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, the Brazilian Stroke Network and the Brazilian Society of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology. Members from these groups participated in web-based discussion forums with predefined themes, followed by videoconference meetings in which controversies and position statements were discussed, leading to a consensus. This guidelines focuses on the implications of the recent clinical trials on endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke due to proximal arterial occlusions, and the final text aims to guide health care providers, health care managers and public health authorities in managing patients with this condition in Brazil

Global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subarachnoid haemorrhage hospitalisations, aneurysm treatment and in-hospital mortality: 1-year follow-up

Background Prior studies indicated a decrease in the incidences of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated differences in the incidence, severity of aSAH presentation, and ruptured aneurysm treatment modality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the preceding year. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study including 49 countries and 187 centres. We recorded volumes for COVID-19 hospitalisations, aSAH hospitalisations, Hunt-Hess grade, coiling, clipping and aSAH in-hospital mortality. Diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes or stroke databases from January 2019 to May 2021. Results Over the study period, there were 16 247 aSAH admissions, 344 491 COVID-19 admissions, 8300 ruptured aneurysm coiling and 4240 ruptured aneurysm clipping procedures. Declines were observed in aSAH admissions (-6.4% (95% CI-7.0% to-5.8%), p=0.0001) during the first year of the pandemic compared with the prior year, most pronounced in high-volume SAH and high-volume COVID-19 hospitals. There was a trend towards a decline in mild and moderate presentations of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) (mild:-5% (95% CI-5.9% to-4.3%), p=0.06; moderate:-8.3% (95% CI-10.2% to-6.7%), p=0.06) but no difference in higher SAH severity. The ruptured aneurysm clipping rate remained unchanged (30.7% vs 31.2%, p=0.58), whereas ruptured aneurysm coiling increased (53.97% vs 56.5%, p=0.009). There was no difference in aSAH in-hospital mortality rate (19.1% vs 20.1%, p=0.12). Conclusion During the first year of the pandemic, there was a decrease in aSAH admissions volume, driven by a decrease in mild to moderate presentation of aSAH. There was an increase in the ruptured aneurysm coiling rate but neither change in the ruptured aneurysm clipping rate nor change in aSAH in-hospital mortality. Trial registration number NCT04934020