Ferromagnetism and orbital order in a topological ferroelectric

We explore via density functional calculations the magnetic doping of a topological ferroelectric as an unconventional route to multiferroicity. Vanadium doping of the layered perovskite La$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ largely preserves electric polarization and produces robust ferromagnetic order, hence proper multiferroicity. The marked tendency of dopants to cluster into chains results in an insulating character at generic doping. Ferromagnetism stems from the symmetry breaking of the multi-orbital V system via an unusual "antiferro"-orbital order, and from the host's low-symmetry layered structure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; Physical Review Letters 109, in print (2012

Sulfur and Metal Fertilization of the Lower Continental Crust

Mantle-derived melts and metasomatic fluids are considered to be important in the transport and distribution of trace elements in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. However, the mechanisms that facilitate sulfur and metal transfer from the upper mantle into the lower continental crust are poorly constrained. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining a series of sulfide- and hydrous mineral-rich alkaline mafic-ultramafic pipes that intruded the lower continental crust of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone in the Italian Western Alps. The pipes are relatively small (<300 m diameter) and primarily composed of a matrix of subhedral to anhedral amphibole (pargasite), phlogopite and orthopyroxene that enclose sub-centimeter-sized grains of olivine. The 1 to 5 m wide rim portions of the pipes locally contain significant blebby and disseminated Fe-Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide mineralization.Stratigraphic relationships, mineral chemistry, geochemical modeling and phase equilibria suggest that the pipes represent open-ended conduits within a large magmatic plumbing system. The earliest formed pipe rocks were olivine-rich cumulates that reacted with hydrous melts to produce orthopyroxene, amphibole and phlogopite.Sulfides precipitated as immiscible liquid droplets that were retained within a matrix of silicate crystals and scavenged metals from the percolating hydrous melt. New high-precision chemical abrasion TIMS-UPb dating of zircons from one of the pipes indicates that these pipes were emplaced at 249.1+/-0.2 Ma, following partial melting of lithospheric mantle pods that were metasomatized during the Eo-Variscan oceanic to continental subduction (approx. 420-310 Ma). The thermal energy required to generate partial melting of the metasomatized mantle was most likely derived from crustal extension, lithospheric decompression and subsequent asthenospheric rise during the orogenic collapse of the Variscan belt (<300 Ma). Unlike previous models, outcomes from this study suggest a significant temporal gap between the occurrence of mantle metasomatism, subsequent partial melting and emplacement of the pipes.We argue that this multi-stage process is a very effective mechanism to fertilize the commonly dry and refractory lower continental crust in metals and volatiles. During the four-dimensional evolution of the thermo-tectonic architecture of any given terrain, metals and volatiles stored in the lower continental crust may become available as sources for subsequent ore-forming processes, thus enhancing the prospectivity of continental block margins for a wide range of mineral systems

Livio Odescalchi, nipote di papa Innocenzo XI: Interessi famigliari e strategie di ascesa nella stagione dell’antinepotismo

Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), Neffe Innozenz’ XI., zahlte in seiner Jugend den Preis für die antinepotistische Politik des Papstes, der ihm jegliches offizielle Amt verweigerte. In denselben Jahren musste sich Livio der übermächtigen Kontrolle seines Onkels, der sein testamentarischer Vormund war, unterwerfen – eine so missliche Stellung, dass seine Person in der damaligen Kultur zu einem weitverbreiteten Symbol des Unglücks wurde. Trotzdem gelang es ihm, in jungen Jahren den Grundstein für eine Strategie des wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aufstiegs zu legen, die später Früchte tragen sollte. Nach dem Tod Innozenz’ XI. begann eine Zeit der Kompensation durch die Anhäufung von Ehrungen und Besitztümern, finanzielle Investitionen, Aufträge und Kunsthandel, Mäzenatentum, Feste und internationale Netzwerke. Das Buch, das aus der Doktorarbeit von Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019) hervorgegangen ist, untersucht beide Lebensphasen Livio Odescalchis und analysiert sie anhand einer großen Anzahl von zum Teil noch unveröffentlichten Archivdokumenten.Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nipote di Innocenzo XI, pagò in gioventù il prezzo della politica antinepotista del pontefice, il quale scelse di negargli ogni incarico ufficiale. Negli stessi anni, Livio dovette oltretutto sottostare al controllo opprimente dello zio, suo tutore testamentario – una condizione infelice al punto che, nella cultura del tempo, la sua figura venne notoriamente associata a simbolo di sventura. Nonostante ciò, il giovane seppe gettare le basi per una strategia di ascesa economico-sociale che avrebbe dato i suoi frutti in seguito. Morto Innocenzo XI, ebbe inizio infatti un periodo di riscatto, costruito sull’accumulo di onorificenze e possedimenti, investimenti finanziari, committenze e commerci d’arte, mecenatismo, feste mondane e reti internazionali. Il volume, frutto della tesi di dottorato di Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987–Washington 2019), prende in esame ambedue le fasi della vita di Livio Odescalchi, analizzandole alla luce di una notevole quantità di documenti d’archivio, una parte dei quali completamente inediti. Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nephew of Innocent XI, paid the price in his youth for the pope’s anti-nepotism policy, who chose to deny him any official position. During the same period, Livio had to submit to the oppressive control of his uncle, his testamentary guardian – an unhappy situation that, at the time, caused him to be considered a symbol of misfortune. In spite of this, the young man was able to lay the foundations for a strategy of economic and social ascent that would later bear fruit. After the death of Innocent XI, a period of compensation began, built on the accumulation of honours and possessions, financial investments, commissions and art trades, patronage, social celebrations, and international networks. This book, based on Roberto Fiorentini’s doctoral thesis (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019), examines both phases of Livio Odescalchi’s life, analysing them in the light of a considerable quantity of archival documents, some of which are completely unpublished

Livio Odescalchi, nipote di papa Innocenzo XI: Interessi famigliari e strategie di ascesa nella stagione dell’antinepotismo

Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), Neffe Innozenz’ XI., zahlte in seiner Jugend den Preis für die antinepotistische Politik des Papstes, der ihm jegliches offizielle Amt verweigerte. In denselben Jahren musste sich Livio der übermächtigen Kontrolle seines Onkels, der sein testamentarischer Vormund war, unterwerfen – eine so missliche Stellung, dass seine Person in der damaligen Kultur zu einem weitverbreiteten Symbol des Unglücks wurde. Trotzdem gelang es ihm, in jungen Jahren den Grundstein für eine Strategie des wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aufstiegs zu legen, die später Früchte tragen sollte. Nach dem Tod Innozenz’ XI. begann eine Zeit der Kompensation durch die Anhäufung von Ehrungen und Besitztümern, finanzielle Investitionen, Aufträge und Kunsthandel, Mäzenatentum, Feste und internationale Netzwerke. Das Buch, das aus der Doktorarbeit von Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019) hervorgegangen ist, untersucht beide Lebensphasen Livio Odescalchis und analysiert sie anhand einer großen Anzahl von zum Teil noch unveröffentlichten Archivdokumenten.Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nipote di Innocenzo XI, pagò in gioventù il prezzo della politica antinepotista del pontefice, il quale scelse di negargli ogni incarico ufficiale. Negli stessi anni, Livio dovette oltretutto sottostare al controllo opprimente dello zio, suo tutore testamentario – una condizione infelice al punto che, nella cultura del tempo, la sua figura venne notoriamente associata a simbolo di sventura. Nonostante ciò, il giovane seppe gettare le basi per una strategia di ascesa economico-sociale che avrebbe dato i suoi frutti in seguito. Morto Innocenzo XI, ebbe inizio infatti un periodo di riscatto, costruito sull’accumulo di onorificenze e possedimenti, investimenti finanziari, committenze e commerci d’arte, mecenatismo, feste mondane e reti internazionali. Il volume, frutto della tesi di dottorato di Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987–Washington 2019), prende in esame ambedue le fasi della vita di Livio Odescalchi, analizzandole alla luce di una notevole quantità di documenti d’archivio, una parte dei quali completamente inediti. Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nephew of Innocent XI, paid the price in his youth for the pope’s anti-nepotism policy, who chose to deny him any official position. During the same period, Livio had to submit to the oppressive control of his uncle, his testamentary guardian – an unhappy situation that, at the time, caused him to be considered a symbol of misfortune. In spite of this, the young man was able to lay the foundations for a strategy of economic and social ascent that would later bear fruit. After the death of Innocent XI, a period of compensation began, built on the accumulation of honours and possessions, financial investments, commissions and art trades, patronage, social celebrations, and international networks. This book, based on Roberto Fiorentini’s doctoral thesis (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019), examines both phases of Livio Odescalchi’s life, analysing them in the light of a considerable quantity of archival documents, some of which are completely unpublished

Livio Odescalchi, nipote di papa Innocenzo XI: Interessi famigliari e strategie di ascesa nella stagione dell’antinepotismo

Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), Neffe Innozenz’ XI., zahlte in seiner Jugend den Preis für die antinepotistische Politik des Papstes, der ihm jegliches offizielle Amt verweigerte. In denselben Jahren musste sich Livio der übermächtigen Kontrolle seines Onkels, der sein testamentarischer Vormund war, unterwerfen – eine so missliche Stellung, dass seine Person in der damaligen Kultur zu einem weitverbreiteten Symbol des Unglücks wurde. Trotzdem gelang es ihm, in jungen Jahren den Grundstein für eine Strategie des wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aufstiegs zu legen, die später Früchte tragen sollte. Nach dem Tod Innozenz’ XI. begann eine Zeit der Kompensation durch die Anhäufung von Ehrungen und Besitztümern, finanzielle Investitionen, Aufträge und Kunsthandel, Mäzenatentum, Feste und internationale Netzwerke. Das Buch, das aus der Doktorarbeit von Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019) hervorgegangen ist, untersucht beide Lebensphasen Livio Odescalchis und analysiert sie anhand einer großen Anzahl von zum Teil noch unveröffentlichten Archivdokumenten.Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nipote di Innocenzo XI, pagò in gioventù il prezzo della politica antinepotista del pontefice, il quale scelse di negargli ogni incarico ufficiale. Negli stessi anni, Livio dovette oltretutto sottostare al controllo opprimente dello zio, suo tutore testamentario – una condizione infelice al punto che, nella cultura del tempo, la sua figura venne notoriamente associata a simbolo di sventura. Nonostante ciò, il giovane seppe gettare le basi per una strategia di ascesa economico-sociale che avrebbe dato i suoi frutti in seguito. Morto Innocenzo XI, ebbe inizio infatti un periodo di riscatto, costruito sull’accumulo di onorificenze e possedimenti, investimenti finanziari, committenze e commerci d’arte, mecenatismo, feste mondane e reti internazionali. Il volume, frutto della tesi di dottorato di Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987–Washington 2019), prende in esame ambedue le fasi della vita di Livio Odescalchi, analizzandole alla luce di una notevole quantità di documenti d’archivio, una parte dei quali completamente inediti. Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nephew of Innocent XI, paid the price in his youth for the pope’s anti-nepotism policy, who chose to deny him any official position. During the same period, Livio had to submit to the oppressive control of his uncle, his testamentary guardian – an unhappy situation that, at the time, caused him to be considered a symbol of misfortune. In spite of this, the young man was able to lay the foundations for a strategy of economic and social ascent that would later bear fruit. After the death of Innocent XI, a period of compensation began, built on the accumulation of honours and possessions, financial investments, commissions and art trades, patronage, social celebrations, and international networks. This book, based on Roberto Fiorentini’s doctoral thesis (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019), examines both phases of Livio Odescalchi’s life, analysing them in the light of a considerable quantity of archival documents, some of which are completely unpublished

Livio Odescalchi, nipote di papa Innocenzo XI: Interessi famigliari e strategie di ascesa nella stagione dell’antinepotismo

Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), Neffe Innozenz’ XI., zahlte in seiner Jugend den Preis für die antinepotistische Politik des Papstes, der ihm jegliches offizielle Amt verweigerte. In denselben Jahren musste sich Livio der übermächtigen Kontrolle seines Onkels, der sein testamentarischer Vormund war, unterwerfen – eine so missliche Stellung, dass seine Person in der damaligen Kultur zu einem weitverbreiteten Symbol des Unglücks wurde. Trotzdem gelang es ihm, in jungen Jahren den Grundstein für eine Strategie des wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aufstiegs zu legen, die später Früchte tragen sollte. Nach dem Tod Innozenz’ XI. begann eine Zeit der Kompensation durch die Anhäufung von Ehrungen und Besitztümern, finanzielle Investitionen, Aufträge und Kunsthandel, Mäzenatentum, Feste und internationale Netzwerke. Das Buch, das aus der Doktorarbeit von Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019) hervorgegangen ist, untersucht beide Lebensphasen Livio Odescalchis und analysiert sie anhand einer großen Anzahl von zum Teil noch unveröffentlichten Archivdokumenten.Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nipote di Innocenzo XI, pagò in gioventù il prezzo della politica antinepotista del pontefice, il quale scelse di negargli ogni incarico ufficiale. Negli stessi anni, Livio dovette oltretutto sottostare al controllo opprimente dello zio, suo tutore testamentario – una condizione infelice al punto che, nella cultura del tempo, la sua figura venne notoriamente associata a simbolo di sventura. Nonostante ciò, il giovane seppe gettare le basi per una strategia di ascesa economico-sociale che avrebbe dato i suoi frutti in seguito. Morto Innocenzo XI, ebbe inizio infatti un periodo di riscatto, costruito sull’accumulo di onorificenze e possedimenti, investimenti finanziari, committenze e commerci d’arte, mecenatismo, feste mondane e reti internazionali. Il volume, frutto della tesi di dottorato di Roberto Fiorentini (Aprilia 1987–Washington 2019), prende in esame ambedue le fasi della vita di Livio Odescalchi, analizzandole alla luce di una notevole quantità di documenti d’archivio, una parte dei quali completamente inediti. Livio Odescalchi (1652–1713), nephew of Innocent XI, paid the price in his youth for the pope’s anti-nepotism policy, who chose to deny him any official position. During the same period, Livio had to submit to the oppressive control of his uncle, his testamentary guardian – an unhappy situation that, at the time, caused him to be considered a symbol of misfortune. In spite of this, the young man was able to lay the foundations for a strategy of economic and social ascent that would later bear fruit. After the death of Innocent XI, a period of compensation began, built on the accumulation of honours and possessions, financial investments, commissions and art trades, patronage, social celebrations, and international networks. This book, based on Roberto Fiorentini’s doctoral thesis (Aprilia 1987 – Washington 2019), examines both phases of Livio Odescalchi’s life, analysing them in the light of a considerable quantity of archival documents, some of which are completely unpublished

West Nile virus transmission. results from the integrated surveillance system in Italy, 2008 to 2015

IIn Italy a national Plan for the surveillance of imported and autochthonous human vector-borne diseases (chikungunya, dengue, Zika virus disease and West Nile virus (WNV) disease) that integrates human and veterinary (animals and vectors) surveillance, is issued and revised annually according with the observed epidemiological changes. Here we describe results of the WNV integrated veterinary and human surveillance systems in Italy from 2008 to 2015. A real time data exchange protocol is in place between the surveillance systems to rapidly identify occurrence of human and animal cases and to define and update the map of affected areas i.e. provinces during the vector activity period from June to October. WNV continues to cause severe illnesses in Italy during every transmission season, albeit cases are sporadic and the epidemiology varies by virus lineage and geographic area. The integration of surveillance activities and a multidisciplinary approach made it possible and have been fundamental in supporting implementation of and/or strengthening preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of transmission of WNV trough blood, tissues and organ donation and to implementing further measures for vector control

Evaluation of soil management effect on crop productivity and vegetation indices accuracy in mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems

none3noMostly, precision agriculture applications include the acquisition and elaboration of images, and it is fundamental to understand how farmers’ practices, such as soil management, affect those images and relate to the vegetation index. We investigated how long-term conservation agriculture practices, in comparison with conventional practices, can affect the yield components and the accuracy of five vegetation indexes. The experimental site is a part of a long-term experiment established in 1994 and is still ongoing that consists of a rainfed 2-year rotation with durum wheat and maize, where two unfertilized soil managements were repeated in the same plots every year. This study shows the superiority of no tillage over conventional tillage for both nutritional and productive aspects on durum wheat. The soil management affects the vegetation indexes’ accuracy, which is related to the nitrogen nutrition status. No-tillage management, which is characterized by a higher content of soil organic matter and nitrogen availability into the soil, allows obtaining a higher accuracy than the conventional tillage. So, the users of multispectral cameras for precision agriculture applications must take into account the soil management, organic matter, and nitrogen content.openOrsini R.; Fiorentini M.; Zenobi S.Orsini, R.; Fiorentini, M.; Zenobi, S

I sinti lombardi di Pavia. Un'indagine sociolinguistica.

Sulla base di un'ampia ricerca sul campo, questa tesi propone una panoramica della situazione sociolinguistica dei sinti lombardi di Pavia, una comunità minoritaria del nord Italia bilingue in sinto lombardo (romaní) e italiano. L'analisi è strutturata in due sezioni principali. La prima è incentrata sulla struttura del repertorio linguistico della comunità, come emerge dai risultati di un questionario sociolinguistico. La seconda è incentrata sui meccanismi di "language mixing" presenti in un corpus di interviste con un campione sociolinguisticamente stratificato di 26 parlanti, corrispondenti a circa 40.000 parole. Questa analisi si inserisce nel filone della ricerca quantitativa sul contatto in linguistico in ambito romaní (Adamou 2016) e italoromanzo (Dal Negro 2009, 2024). Più nello specifico, il focus principale è su fenomeni di replicazione di "matter" (prestito, code-switching), ma verranno fatti accenni anche a fenomeni di replicazione di "pattern". Particolare attenzione è inoltre dedicata alla variazione tra parlanti. I risultati principali suggeriscono un atteggiamento positivo della comunità verso il bilinguismo e il "language mixing", che si riflette tra l'altro in una sua alta incidenza quantitativa nel parlato. Una scarsa variazione tra i parlanti suggerisce che i singoli individui tendono ad adattarsi alle norme stabilite a livello della comunità, come è spesso il caso di piccole comunità minoritarie. Più in generale, questo lavoro contribuisce al dibattito sul bilinguismo e sui fenomeni di contatto linguistico in contesti minoritari.Drawing on extensive field research, this thesis provides an overview of the sociolinguistic dynamics of the Lombard Sinti of Pavia, an understudied minority community in Northern Italy bilingual in Lombard Sinti (Romani) and Italian. The analysis is structured into two principal sections. The first one offers a detailed examination of the structuring of the community’s linguistic repertoire, as evidenced by sociolinguistic questionnaires. The second section presents an analysis of language mixing patterns based on an oral corpus of interviews with 26 speakers, totalling around 40,000 tokens. This analysis is grounded in the quantitative paradigm of language mixing research within the Romani context (Adamou 2016) and among Italian linguistic minorities (Dal Negro 2009, 2024). The primary focus is on “matter” replication phenomena (such as borrowing and code-switching), while "pattern" replication phenomena at the level of specific syntactic structures are also considered. Attention is also paid to inter-speaker variation. The findings suggest that the community exhibits a generally positive attitude towards bilingualism and language mixing, which is reflected in a notably high quantitative presence in the data. Moderate inter-speaker variation indicates that individual speakers tend to align with the linguistic patterns established at the community level, as is often the case with highly dense minority communities. Overall, this work contributes to ongoing debates on bilingualism and language contact in minority contexts