Revealing the microstructural brain damage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the relentless pursuit to approach an imaging biomarker

Santa Casa Misericordia Sao Paulo, Serv Diagnost Imagem, Rua Dr Cesario Motta Jr 112, BR-01221020 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurocirurgia, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurocirurgia, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

The frequency of CD127low expressing CD4+CD25high T regulatory cells is inversely correlated with human T lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) proviral load in HTLV-1-infection and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>CD4⁺CD25^highregulatory T (T_Reg) cells modulate antigen-specific T cell responses, and can suppress anti-viral immunity. In HTLV-1 infection, a selective decrease in the function of T_Regcell mediated HTLV-1-tax inhibition of FOXP3 expression has been described. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency and phenotype of T_Regcells in HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers and in HTLV-1-associated neurological disease (HAM/TSP) patients, and to correlate with measures of T cell activation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We were able to confirm that HTLV-I drives activation, spontaneous IFNγ production, and proliferation of CD4+ T cells. We also observed a significantly lower proportion of CTLA-4⁺T_Regcells (CD4⁺CD25^highT cells) in subjects with HAM/TSP patients compared to healthy controls. Ki-67 expression was negatively correlated to the frequency of CTLA-4⁺T_Regcells in HAM/TSP only, although Ki-67 expression was inversely correlated with the percentage of CD127^lowT_Regcells in healthy control subjects. Finally, the proportion of CD127^lowT_Regcells correlated inversely with HTLV-1 proviral load.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Taken together, the results suggest that T_Regcells may be subverted in HAM/TSP patients, which could explain the marked cellular activation, spontaneous cytokine production, and proliferation of CD4⁺T cells, in particular those expressing the CD25^highCD127^lowphenotype. T_Regcells represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention for patients with HTLV-1-related neurological diseases.</p

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: considerations about the diagnosis criterial

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Late-onset hexosaminidase A deficiency mimicking primary lateral sclerosis Deficiência tardia de hexosaminidase-A simulando esclerose lateral primária

Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryUNIFESP, EPM, Department of Neurology and NeurosurgerySciEL

Restless leg syndrome exacerbated by amytriptiline in a patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

We report an unusual case of a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD) patient who initiated a restless leg syndrome after the use of amytriptiline. The prescription and use of this medication for patients with persistent neuropathic pain is relatively common, especially for patients with DMD. Normally, this medication is well tolerated, however, we now report the occurrence of an induction or intensification of a restless leg syndrome case in a young patient with DMD, treated with amytriptiline for his chronic pain