Mast cell concentration and skin wound contraction in rats treated with Ximenia americana L

PURPOSE: To evaluate wound contraction and the concentration of mast cells in skin wounds treated with wild plum (Ximenia americana) essential oil-based ointment in rats. METHODS:Sixty rats were submitted to two cutaneous wounds in the thoracic region, on the right and left antimeres. Thereon, they were divided into three groups: GX (wounds treated once a day with hydro alcoholic branch extract of Ximenia americana), GP (wounds that received vehicle), and GC (wounds without product application). Wounds were measured immediately after the injury as well as 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post-topical application of the extract. At these days, five rats from each group were euthanatized. Thereafter, samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were stained with H.E, Masson's Trichrome and toluidine blue for morphological, morphometrical and histopathological analysis, under light microscopy. The degree of epithelial contraction was measured and mast cell concentrations were also evaluated with an image analyzer (Image Pro-plus (R) software). RESULTS: The extract treated group showed lower mast cell concentrations in the 4th day of lesion, as compared to GP (GX GP = GCp<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ointment containing 10% X. americana induces a decrease in mast cell concentration, at the beginning of the healing process, and promotes early skin wound contraction in rats.FACEPEFAPEMIGCNPqUniv Fed Rio Grande do Norte UFRN, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Postgrad Program Anim Biosci, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Rural Pernambuco UFRPE, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Postgrad Program Anim Biosci, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Pernambuco UFPE, Dept Histol & Embryol, Histol Div, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Postgrad Program Anim Biosci, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo FMUSP, Fac Med, Clin Hosp, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, Postgrad Program Morphol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Piaui, Dept Biol, Div Microbiol, Picos, PI, BrazilUniv Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Morphol & Physiol, Anat Div, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, Postgrad Program Morphol, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos de feridas cutâneas em ratos tratadas com extrato hidroalcoólico de ameixa-do-mato (Ximenia americana) a 10%

Dentre as muitas plantas medicinais utilizadas na medicina popular encontra-se a Ximenia americana que se caracteriza por ser uma planta amplamente utiliza em todo o Brasil para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias e cicatrização de ferimentos de pele. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a atividade cicatrizante de feridas com creme de Ximenia americana a 10%. A coleta de Ximenia americana ocorreu no município de Araçoiaba – PE, seguida da secagem e posterior moagem do caule para preparação do extrato, que foi incorporado a uma base lanette. Foram utilizados 60 ratos Wistar (Rattus norvergicus albinus), divididos em: GTX(feridas tratadas com extrato hidroalcoólico de Ximenia americana em base Lanette à 10%), GP (feridas tratadas com creme Lanette,) e GC (feridas não tratadas), avaliados nos dias 4, 7, 14 e 21 de pós-operatório. Foram utilizadas cinco repetições para cada período. Em cada animal foram realizadas duas feridas cirúrgicas (antímero direito e esquerdo) deixando exposta a fáscia muscular adjacente. As variáveis analisadas foram a contração das feridas, contagem de vasos sanguíneos, porcentagem de fibras colágenas e grau de contração das feridas. Na análise morfológica avaliou-se os seguintes escores: formação de crosta, área de reeptelização, tecido inflamatório e de granulação. Para a prospecção fitoquímica realizou-se a Cromatografia em Camada Delgada. O teste de toxicidade avaliou os efeitos comportamentais do extrato. A Cromatografia em Camada Delgada revelou a presença de taninos, flavonoides e terpenoides no extrato. Quanto ao aspecto macroscópico, as feridas apresentaram diferenças expressivas em relação ao aspecto da crosta, que no GTX mostrou-se mais espessa e firme, mas não foi determinante para favorecer a contração, que não teve diferença estatística entre os grupos, bem como os aspectos morfométricos. O teste de toxicidade determinou aspectos comportamentais tais como piloereção, agitação e palidez indicando uma possível ação da planta sobre o sistema nervoso periférico O estudo indica que a Ximenia americana não favoreceu a contração das feridas mesmo tendo sido identificados em seu extrato metabólitos que favorecem esse processo, no entanto a quantidade dos metabólitos pode ser influenciada de acordo com as condições climáticas e geográficas, podendo os vegetais apresentar uma composição química variada, sendo muitas vezes, pouco conhecida.Among the many medical plant used in folk medicine is the Ximenia americana that is caracterized by being a plant widely used in Brazil for the treatment of disease inflammatory and wound healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the healing activity of wounds with 10% Ximenia americana cream. The collect of Ximenia americana occurred in the municipality of Araçoiaba - PE, followed by drying and subsequent milling of the stem for preparation of the extract, which was incorporated into the lanette base. Were used 60 rats Wistar (Rattus norvergicus albinus) divided into three groups: GX (wounds treated once a day with hydro alcoholic branch extract of Ximenia americana), GP (wounds that received vehicle), and GC (wounds without product application) evaluated on days 4, 7, 14 and 21 postoperatively. Five replicates were used for each period. In each animal, two surgical wounds (right and left antimer) were performed leaving the adjacent muscle fascia exposed. The variables analyzed were wound contraction, blood vessel count, percentage of collagen fibers and degree of wound contraction. In the morphological analysis the following scores were evaluated: crust formation, re-cleaving area, inflammatory and granulation tissue. The phytochemical prospection analysis was done by Thin Layer Chromatography. The toxicity test evaluated the behavioral effects of the extract. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids in the extract. Regarding the macroscopic aspect, the wounds presented significant differences in relation to the aspect of the crust, which in the GTX was thicker and firmer, but it was not determinant to favor the contraction, which had no statistical difference between the groups, as well as the aspects morphometric. The toxicity test determined behavioral aspects such as piloerection, agitation and pallor indicating a possible action of the plant on the peripheral nervous system The study indicates that the Ximenia americana did not favor the contraction of the wounds even though it was identified in its extract metabolites that favor this process , however the amount of the metabolites can be influenced according to the climatic and geographical conditions, and the vegetables can present a varied chemical composition, being often little known

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq